Differential Effects of X-Rays and High-Energy {sup 56}Fe Ions on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Journal Article · Sun Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2009 · International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.10.002· OSTI ID:21172641

Kurpinski, Kyle ^[1]; Jang, Deok-Jin; Bhattacharya, Sanchita; Rydberg, Bjorn ^[2]; Chu, Julia; So, Joanna ^[1]; Wyrobek, Andy ^[2]; Song, Li ^[1]

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1. Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (United States)
2. Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Purpose: Stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, but they have also been implicated in cancer and aging. How different kinds of ionizing radiation affect stem cell biology remains unexplored. This study was designed to compare the biological effects of X-rays and of high-linear energy transfer (LET) {sup 56}Fe ions on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Methods and Materials: A multi-functional comparison was carried out to investigate the differential effects of X-rays and {sup 56}Fe ions on hMSC. The end points included modulation of key markers such as p53, cell cycle progression, osteogenic differentiation, and pathway and networks through transcriptomic profiling and bioinformatics analysis. Results: X-rays and {sup 56}Fe ions differentially inhibited the cell cycle progression of hMSC in a p53-dependent manner without impairing their in vitro osteogenic differentiation process. Pathway and network analyses revealed that cytoskeleton and receptor signaling were uniquely enriched for low-dose (0.1 Gy) X-rays. In contrast, DNA/RNA metabolism and cell cycle regulation were enriched for high-dose (1 Gy) X-rays and {sup 56}Fe ions, with more significant effects from {sup 56}Fe ions. Specifically, DNA replication, DNA strand elongation, and DNA binding/transferase activity were perturbed more severely by 1 Gy {sup 56}Fe ions than by 1 Gy X-rays, consistent with the significant G2/M arrest for the former while not for the latter. Conclusions: {sup 56}Fe ions exert more significant effects on hMSC than X-rays. Since hMSC are the progenitors of osteoblasts in vivo, this study provides new mechanistic understandings of the relative health risks associated with low- and high-dose X-rays and high-LET space radiation.

• OSTI ID: 21172641
• Journal Information: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics, Vol. 73, Issue 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.10.002; PII: S0360-3016(08)03527-X; Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0360-3016
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CELL CYCLE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DNA
DNA REPLICATION
HEALTH HAZARDS
IN VITRO
IN VIVO
ION BEAMS
IRON 56
LET
MICROTUBULES
RADIATION DOSES
RECEPTORS
RNA
STEM CELLS
X RADIATION