A fast low-pressure transport route to large black phosphorus single crystals
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Muenster (Germany)
Black phosphorus, a promising candidate for lithium battery electrodes, can be prepared by a low-pressure transport reaction route representing the first effective and scalable access to this element modification. Crystal sizes larger than 1 cm were obtained at low-pressure conditions in silica ampoules. X-ray phase analyses, EDX, ICP-MS and optical microscopy were applied to characterize the resulting black phosphorus. The present method drastically improves the traditional preparation ways like mercury catalysis, bismuth-flux or high-pressure techniques and represents an easy, non-toxic, fast and highly efficient method to achieve black phosphorus. In contrast to a previously reported low-pressure route the present transport reaction allows an up-scaling to higher masses of starting materials, a larger black phosphorus yield and faster reaction time under retention of the high product crystallinity. - Graphical abstract: A low-pressure transport reaction route representing the first effective and scalable access to black phosphorus.
- OSTI ID:
- 21128363
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 181, Issue 8; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2008.03.008; PII: S0022-4596(08)00139-4; Copyright (c) 2008 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0022-4596
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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