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Title: Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic analyses of Androctonus australis hector venom in rats: Optimization of antivenom therapy

Abstract

This paper reports the simultaneous determination of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic properties of Androctonus australis hector venom, in the absence and presence of antivenom (F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab), in envenomed rats. After subcutaneous injection of the venom, toxins showed a complete absorption phase from the site of injection associated with a distribution into a large extravascular compartment. The injection of Fab and F(ab'){sub 2} induced the neutralization of venom antigens in the blood compartment, as well as the redistribution of venom components from the extravascular compartment to the blood compartment. Interestingly, F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab showed distinct efficiencies depending on their route of injection. F(ab'){sub 2} induced a faster venom neutralization and redistribution than Fab when injected intravenously. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} by the intramuscular route. The hemodynamic effects of Aah venom were further investigated. Changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate were observed in parallel with an upper airway obstruction. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} for preventing early symptoms of envenomation, whatever their route of administration. Intraperitoneal injection of F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab was similar for the prevention of the delayed symptoms, even after a late administration. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2}more » in the inhibition of airway resistance, independent of the route and time of administration. These results show that the treatment for scorpion stings might be improved by the intravascular injection of a mixture of Fab and F(ab'){sub 2}. If antivenom cannot be administered intravenously, Fab might be an alternative as they are more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} when injected intramuscularly.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [1]
  1. Unite des Venins, Institut Pasteur, Paris (France)
  2. Unite de Pharmacologie cellulaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris (France)
  3. Laboratoire de Recherche et Developpement en Pharmacologie des Regulations Neuro-endocrines, Institut Pasteur, Paris (France)
  4. Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie 'Houari Boumedienne' Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie (France)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
20976854
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 218; Journal Issue: 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.003; PII: S0041-008X(06)00414-5; Copyright (c) 2006 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0041-008X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; ANTIBODIES; BLOOD; HEART; INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION; OPTIMIZATION; RATS; SCORPIONS; SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION; SYMPTOMS; THERAPY; TOXINS; VENOMS

Citation Formats

Hammoudi-Triki, D, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie 'Houari Boumedienne' Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, Lefort, J, Rougeot, C, Robbe-Vincent, A, Bon, C, Laraba-Djebari, F, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, and Choumet, V. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic analyses of Androctonus australis hector venom in rats: Optimization of antivenom therapy. United States: N. p., 2007. Web. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.003.
Hammoudi-Triki, D, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie 'Houari Boumedienne' Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, Lefort, J, Rougeot, C, Robbe-Vincent, A, Bon, C, Laraba-Djebari, F, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, & Choumet, V. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic analyses of Androctonus australis hector venom in rats: Optimization of antivenom therapy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.003
Hammoudi-Triki, D, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie 'Houari Boumedienne' Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, Lefort, J, Rougeot, C, Robbe-Vincent, A, Bon, C, Laraba-Djebari, F, Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie, and Choumet, V. 2007. "Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic analyses of Androctonus australis hector venom in rats: Optimization of antivenom therapy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.003.
@article{osti_20976854,
title = {Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic analyses of Androctonus australis hector venom in rats: Optimization of antivenom therapy},
author = {Hammoudi-Triki, D and Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences Biologiques, Universite des Sciences et de la Technologie 'Houari Boumedienne' Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie and Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie and Lefort, J and Rougeot, C and Robbe-Vincent, A and Bon, C and Laraba-Djebari, F and Laboratoire de Recherche et de Developpement sur les Venins, Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, Algerie and Choumet, V},
abstractNote = {This paper reports the simultaneous determination of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic properties of Androctonus australis hector venom, in the absence and presence of antivenom (F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab), in envenomed rats. After subcutaneous injection of the venom, toxins showed a complete absorption phase from the site of injection associated with a distribution into a large extravascular compartment. The injection of Fab and F(ab'){sub 2} induced the neutralization of venom antigens in the blood compartment, as well as the redistribution of venom components from the extravascular compartment to the blood compartment. Interestingly, F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab showed distinct efficiencies depending on their route of injection. F(ab'){sub 2} induced a faster venom neutralization and redistribution than Fab when injected intravenously. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} by the intramuscular route. The hemodynamic effects of Aah venom were further investigated. Changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate were observed in parallel with an upper airway obstruction. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} for preventing early symptoms of envenomation, whatever their route of administration. Intraperitoneal injection of F(ab'){sub 2} and Fab was similar for the prevention of the delayed symptoms, even after a late administration. Fab was more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} in the inhibition of airway resistance, independent of the route and time of administration. These results show that the treatment for scorpion stings might be improved by the intravascular injection of a mixture of Fab and F(ab'){sub 2}. If antivenom cannot be administered intravenously, Fab might be an alternative as they are more effective than F(ab'){sub 2} when injected intramuscularly.},
doi = {10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.003},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20976854}, journal = {Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology},
issn = {0041-008X},
number = 3,
volume = 218,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2007},
month = {Thu Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2007}
}