Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets

Poludniowski, Gavin G

doi:10.1118/1.2734726

Title: Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets

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Abstract

A new approach to the calculation of the x-ray spectrum emerging from an x-ray tube is proposed. Theoretical results for the bremsstrahlung cross section appearing in the literature are summarized. Four different treatments of electron penetration, based on the work presented in Part I, are then used to generate bremsstrahlung spectra. These spectra are compared to experimental data at 50, 80 and 100 kVp tube potentials. The most sophisticated treatment of electron penetration was required to obtain good agreement. With this treatment both the National Institute of Standards and Technology bremsstrahlung cross sections, based on accurate partial wave calculations, and the Bethe-Heitler cross section [H. A. Bethe and W. Heitler, Proc R. Soc. London, Ser. A. 146, 83-112 (1934)] corrected by a modified Elwert factor [G. Elwert, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 426, 178-208 (1939)], provided good agreement to measured data. An approximate treatment of the characteristic spectrum is suggested. The dependencies of the bremsstrahlung and characteristic outputs of an x-ray tube on tube potential are compared to experimentally derived data for 70-140 kVp potentials. Agreement is to within a few percent of the total output over the entire range. The spectral predictions of the semiempirical models of Birch and Marshall [R.more »« less

Authors:

Poludniowski, Gavin G ^[1]

Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT (United Kingdom)

Publication Date:: Fri Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2007

OSTI Identifier:: 20951506

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Medical Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 34; Journal Issue: 6; Other Information: DOI: 10.1118/1.2734726; (c) 2007 American Association of Physicists in Medicine; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0094-2405

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY; BIRCHES; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; CROSS SECTIONS; DOSIMETRY; MONTE CARLO METHOD; PARTIAL WAVES; RADIATION TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; X RADIATION; X-RAY SPECTRA; X-RAY TUBES

Citation Formats


                    Poludniowski, Gavin G. Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets.  United States: N. p., 2007. 
        Web.  doi:10.1118/1.2734726.

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                    Poludniowski, Gavin G. Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2734726

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                    Poludniowski, Gavin G. 2007.  
        "Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2734726.

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@article{osti_20951506,

  title        = {Calculation of x-ray spectra emerging from an x-ray tube. Part II. X-ray production and filtration in x-ray targets},

  author       = {Poludniowski, Gavin G},

  abstractNote = {A new approach to the calculation of the x-ray spectrum emerging from an x-ray tube is proposed. Theoretical results for the bremsstrahlung cross section appearing in the literature are summarized. Four different treatments of electron penetration, based on the work presented in Part I, are then used to generate bremsstrahlung spectra. These spectra are compared to experimental data at 50, 80 and 100 kVp tube potentials. The most sophisticated treatment of electron penetration was required to obtain good agreement. With this treatment both the National Institute of Standards and Technology bremsstrahlung cross sections, based on accurate partial wave calculations, and the Bethe-Heitler cross section [H. A. Bethe and W. Heitler, Proc R. Soc. London, Ser. A. 146, 83-112 (1934)] corrected by a modified Elwert factor [G. Elwert, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 426, 178-208 (1939)], provided good agreement to measured data. An approximate treatment of the characteristic spectrum is suggested. The dependencies of the bremsstrahlung and characteristic outputs of an x-ray tube on tube potential are compared to experimentally derived data for 70-140 kVp potentials. Agreement is to within a few percent of the total output over the entire range. The spectral predictions of the semiempirical models of Birch and Marshall [R. Birch and M. Marshall, Phys. Med. Biol. 24, 505-513 (1979)] (IPEM Report 78) and of Tucker et al. [D. M. Tucker, G. T. Barnes, and D. P. Chakraborty, Med. Phys. 18, 211-218 (1991).] are also assessed. The predictions of Tucker et al. are very close to the model developed here. The predictions of IPEM Report 78 are similar, but consistently harder for the range of tube potentials examined (50-100 kV). Unlike the semiempirical models, the model proposed here requires the introduction of no empirical and unphysical parameters in the differential bremsstrahlung cross section, bar an overall normalization factor which is close to unity.},

  doi          = {10.1118/1.2734726},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20951506},
  journal      = {Medical Physics},

  issn         = {0094-2405},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 34,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2007},

  month        = {Fri Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2007}

}

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