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Title: Chlorination strategies for direct groundwater recharge of tertiary effluent

Abstract

Chlorination for the control of biological activity during direct recharge of tertiary effluent was studied in bench-scale simulated aquifers. Both free chlorine and chloramine were studied at darcy velocities of 360 cm/d to 720 cm/d. A free chlorine residual of 5 mg/L or above inhibited biological activity in the 1.2 m of soil that was studied. A free chlorine residual concentration of 2 mg/L prevented biological activity in the first 0.9 m of exposed soil and significant biological clogging was observed in soil greater than 0.9 m from the injection point. A 2 mg/L residual concentration of chloramine resulted in biological clogging over the 0.9 m of soil adjacent to the injection point. No chlorine addition resulted in clogging adjacent to the injection point indicating that the chloramine inhibited biological activity and allowed biological activity to occur over a greater distance from the injection point. Dissolved oxygen levels decreased to zero in aquifers where significant biological activity was observed and trihalomethane concentrations decreased in these aquifers. Free chlorine appears to effectively control biological clogging adjacent to the injection point while permitting biological activity to develop after the chlorine has decayed.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (US)
OSTI Identifier:
20014945
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: 1998 National Conference on Environmental Engineering, Chicago, IL (US), 06/07/1998--06/10/1998; Other Information: PBD: 1998; Related Information: In: Water resources and the urban environment--98, by Wilson, T.E. [ed.], 754 pages.
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; GROUND WATER; CHLORINATION; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; AQUIFERS

Citation Formats

Fox, P, Wang, L, Johnson, P C, Houston, S, Houston, W N, and Brown, P. Chlorination strategies for direct groundwater recharge of tertiary effluent. United States: N. p., 1998. Web.
Fox, P, Wang, L, Johnson, P C, Houston, S, Houston, W N, & Brown, P. Chlorination strategies for direct groundwater recharge of tertiary effluent. United States.
Fox, P, Wang, L, Johnson, P C, Houston, S, Houston, W N, and Brown, P. 1998. "Chlorination strategies for direct groundwater recharge of tertiary effluent". United States.
@article{osti_20014945,
title = {Chlorination strategies for direct groundwater recharge of tertiary effluent},
author = {Fox, P and Wang, L and Johnson, P C and Houston, S and Houston, W N and Brown, P},
abstractNote = {Chlorination for the control of biological activity during direct recharge of tertiary effluent was studied in bench-scale simulated aquifers. Both free chlorine and chloramine were studied at darcy velocities of 360 cm/d to 720 cm/d. A free chlorine residual of 5 mg/L or above inhibited biological activity in the 1.2 m of soil that was studied. A free chlorine residual concentration of 2 mg/L prevented biological activity in the first 0.9 m of exposed soil and significant biological clogging was observed in soil greater than 0.9 m from the injection point. A 2 mg/L residual concentration of chloramine resulted in biological clogging over the 0.9 m of soil adjacent to the injection point. No chlorine addition resulted in clogging adjacent to the injection point indicating that the chloramine inhibited biological activity and allowed biological activity to occur over a greater distance from the injection point. Dissolved oxygen levels decreased to zero in aquifers where significant biological activity was observed and trihalomethane concentrations decreased in these aquifers. Free chlorine appears to effectively control biological clogging adjacent to the injection point while permitting biological activity to develop after the chlorine has decayed.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20014945}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1998},
month = {Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1998}
}

Conference:
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