Partitioning effects during terminal carbon and electron flow in sediments of a low-salinity meltwater pond near Bratina Island, McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica
A study of anaerobic sediments below cyanobacterial mats of a low-salinity meltwater pond called Orange Pond on the McMurdo Ice Shelf at temperatures simulating those in the summer season revealed that both sulfate reduction and methane production were important terminal anaerobic processes. Addition of [2-{sup 14}C]acetate to sediment samples resulted in the passage of label mainly to CO{sub 2}. Acetate addition (0 to 27 mM) had little effect on methanogenesis, and while the rate of acetate dissimilation was greater than the rate of methane production (6.4 nmol cm{sup {minus}3}h{sup {minus}1} compared to 2.5 to 6 nmol cm{sup {minus}3}h{sup {minus}1}), the portion of methane production attributed to acetate cleavage was {le}2%. Substantial increases in the methane production rate were observed with H{sub 2}, and H{sub 2} uptake was totally accounted for by methane production under physiological conditions. Format also stimulated methane production, presumably through H{sub 2} release mediated through hydrogen lyase. Addition of sulfate up to 50-fold the natural levels in the sediment did not substantially inhibit methanogenesis, but the process was inhibited by 50-fold chloride. No net rate of methane oxidation was observed when sediments were incubated anaerobically, and denitrification rates were substantially lower than rates for sulfate reduction and methanogenesis. The results indicate that carbon flow from acetate is coupled mainly to sulfate reduction and that methane is largely generated from H{sub 2} and CO{sub 2} where chloride, but not sulfate, has a modulating role. Rates of methanogenesis at in situ temperatures were four- to fivefold less than maximal rates found at 20 C.
- Research Organization:
- Cawthron Inst., Nelson (NZ)
- OSTI ID:
- 20006184
- Journal Information:
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 65, Issue 12; Other Information: PBD: Dec 1999; ISSN 0099-2240
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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