Hydrothermal treatment of C-N-O-H wastes: Reaction kinetics and pathways for hydrolysis products of high explosives
Bench-scale studies demonstrated the efficacy of hydrothermal oxidation for the treatment of wastes derived from the alkaline hydrolysis of the high explosive PBX 9404 (94% HMX, 3% nitrocellulose, and 3% chloroethyl phosphate). Specifically, chemical kinetics studies were used to deduce major global reaction pathways, and to develop a kinetic model. Although the hydrolysis liquor is a complicated waste matrix, a three-parameter kinetic model captured major reaction paths. The kinetic model used total organic carbon (TOC) as a bulk parameter for dissolved organic materials, while NO{sub x}{sup {minus}} was used to represent the oxidized nitrogen species in solution (NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} and NO{sub 3}{sup {minus}}). With the use of the kinetic model, an optimal treatment strategy using two oxidation stages was derived. The first stage involved balancing NO{sub x}{sup {minus}} and O{sub 2} redox chemistry to minimize aqueous nitrogen in the effluent, while the second stage mineralized the remaining TOC.
- Research Organization:
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA (US)
- OSTI ID:
- 20005880
- Journal Information:
- Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 38, Issue 12; Other Information: PBD: Dec 1999; ISSN 0888-5885
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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