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Title: Laboratory effectiveness testing of oil spill dispersants

Abstract

Dispersant effectiveness tests are reviewed. Studies have been conducted of the variances among several standard regulatory tests. Three main causes of differences have been identified, oil-to-water ratio, settling time and energy. Energy can be partially compensated for in high energy tests by correcting for natural dispersion. With this correction and with high oil-to-water ratios and a settling time of at least 10 minutes, five apparatuses yield very similar results for a variety of oils and dispersants. Recent studies into the energy variation of dispersant tests show that the energy level varies in many apparatuses. The repeatability of energy levels in apparatus is largely responsible for the variation in dispersant effectiveness values in certain apparatus. Studies of analytical procedures show that traditional extraction and analysis methods cause a bias to results. Methods to overcome these difficulties are presented.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ;  [1]
  1. Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario (Canada)
Publication Date:
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
136726
Report Number(s):
CONF-9410157-
Journal ID: ASTTA8; ISSN 0066-0558; TRN: 96:000899
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
American Society for Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Issue: 1252; Conference: Symposium on the use of chemicals and oil spill response, Victoria (Canada), 10-11 Oct 1994; Other Information: PBD: Jun 1995
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
02 PETROLEUM; OIL SPILLS; CLEANING; SURFACTANTS; PERFORMANCE TESTING; BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS; EXPERIMENTAL DATA

Citation Formats

Fingas, M F, Kyle, D A, Wang, Z, Handfield, D, Ianuzzi, D, and Ackerman, F. Laboratory effectiveness testing of oil spill dispersants. United States: N. p., 1995. Web. doi:10.1520/STP15386S.
Fingas, M F, Kyle, D A, Wang, Z, Handfield, D, Ianuzzi, D, & Ackerman, F. Laboratory effectiveness testing of oil spill dispersants. United States. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP15386S
Fingas, M F, Kyle, D A, Wang, Z, Handfield, D, Ianuzzi, D, and Ackerman, F. 1995. "Laboratory effectiveness testing of oil spill dispersants". United States. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP15386S.
@article{osti_136726,
title = {Laboratory effectiveness testing of oil spill dispersants},
author = {Fingas, M F and Kyle, D A and Wang, Z and Handfield, D and Ianuzzi, D and Ackerman, F},
abstractNote = {Dispersant effectiveness tests are reviewed. Studies have been conducted of the variances among several standard regulatory tests. Three main causes of differences have been identified, oil-to-water ratio, settling time and energy. Energy can be partially compensated for in high energy tests by correcting for natural dispersion. With this correction and with high oil-to-water ratios and a settling time of at least 10 minutes, five apparatuses yield very similar results for a variety of oils and dispersants. Recent studies into the energy variation of dispersant tests show that the energy level varies in many apparatuses. The repeatability of energy levels in apparatus is largely responsible for the variation in dispersant effectiveness values in certain apparatus. Studies of analytical procedures show that traditional extraction and analysis methods cause a bias to results. Methods to overcome these difficulties are presented.},
doi = {10.1520/STP15386S},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/136726}, journal = {American Society for Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication},
number = 1252,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1995},
month = {Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1995}
}