Thermal Photon Radiation in High Multiplicity p+Pb Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

Shen, Chun; Paquet, Jean-François; Denicol, Gabriel S.; Jeon, Sangyong; Gale, Charles

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.072301

Title: Thermal Photon Radiation in High Multiplicity $p + Pb$ Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

Journal Article · Thu Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.072301· OSTI ID:1295198

Shen, Chun ^[1]; Paquet, Jean-François ^[1]; Denicol, Gabriel S. ^[2]; Jeon, Sangyong ^[1]; Gale, Charles ^[1]

McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada)
McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

We observed the collective behavior of hadronic particles in high multiplicity proton-lead collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as in deuteron-gold collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. In our work we present the first calculation, in the hydrodynamic framework, of thermal photon radiation from such small collision systems. Owing to their compact size, these systems can reach temperatures comparable to those in central nucleus-nucleus collisions. Moreover, the thermal photons can thus shine over the prompt background, and increase the low p_T direct photon spectrum by a factor of 2–3 in 0%–1% p+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV. This thermal photon enhancement can therefore serve as a signature of the existence of a hot quark-gluon plasma during the evolution of these small collision systems, as well as validate hydrodynamic behavior in small systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC00112704

OSTI ID:: 1295198

Report Number(s):: BNL-112123-2016-JA; PRLTAO; R&D Project: KB0301020; KB0301020

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 7; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 17 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (64)

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Heavy-Ion Collisions Gale, Charles; Jeon, Sangyong; Schenke, BjÖRn International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 28, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X13400113	journal	April 2013
Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Heinz, Ulrich; Snellings, Raimond Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102212-170540	journal	October 2013
Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p–Pb collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.02</mml:mn><mml:mtext> TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math> Abelev, Betty; Adam, Jaroslav; Adamova, Dagmar Physics Letters B, Vol. 719, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.01.012	journal	February 2013
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in pPb collisions at the LHC Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M. Physics Letters B, Vol. 718, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2012.11.025	journal	January 2013
Observation of Associated Near-Side and Away-Side Long-Range Correlations in $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$ Proton-Lead Collisions with the ATLAS Detector Aad, G.; Abajyan, T.; Abbott, B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.182302	journal	May 2013
Quadrupole Anisotropy in Dihadron Azimuthal Correlations in Central $d + Au$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200 GeV$ Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.212301	journal	November 2013
Evidence for Collective Multiparticle Correlations in $p − Pb$ Collisions Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.012301	journal	June 2015
Long-range angular correlations of π, K and p in p–Pb collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd" xmlns:sa="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-aff/dtd"><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.02</mml:mn><mml:mtext> TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math> Abelev, B.; Adam, J.; Adamová, D. Physics Letters B, Vol. 726, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.08.024	journal	October 2013
Long-range two-particle correlations of strange hadrons with charged particles in pPb and PbPb collisions at LHC energies Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A. Physics Letters B, Vol. 742 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.01.034	journal	March 2015
Measurement of Long-Range Angular Correlation and Quadrupole Anisotropy of Pions and (Anti)Protons in Central $d + Au$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200$ GeV Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.192301	journal	May 2015
The ridge in proton–proton collisions at the LHC Dumitru, Adrian; Dusling, Kevin; Gelis, François Physics Letters B, Vol. 697, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2011.01.024	journal	February 2011
Evidence for BFKL and saturation dynamics from dihadron spectra at the LHC Dusling, Kevin; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review D, Vol. 87, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.87.051502	journal	March 2013
Comparison of the color glass condensate to dihadron correlations in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions Dusling, Kevin; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review D, Vol. 87, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.87.094034	journal	May 2013
Azimuthal asymmetries and the emergence of “collectivity” from multi-particle correlations in high-energy pA collisions Dumitru, Adrian; McLerran, Larry; Skokov, Vladimir Physics Letters B, Vol. 743 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.046	journal	April 2015
Exploiting Intrinsic Triangular Geometry in Relativistic ${}^{3}{He} + Au$ Collisions to Disentangle Medium Properties Nagle, J. L.; Adare, A.; Beckman, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.112301	journal	September 2014
Collective flow in $p$ -Pb and $d$ -Pb collisions at TeV energies Bożek, Piotr Physical Review C, Vol. 85, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.014911	journal	January 2012
Correlations from hydrodynamic flow in pPb collisions Bożek, Piotr; Broniowski, Wojciech Physics Letters B, Vol. 718, Issue 4-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2012.12.051	journal	January 2013
Eccentric Protons? Sensitivity of Flow to System Size and Shape in $p + p$ , $p + Pb$ , and $Pb + Pb$ Collisions Schenke, Björn; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.102301	journal	September 2014
Evidence for Flow from Hydrodynamic Simulations of $p − Pb$ Collisions at 5.02 TeV from $v_{2}$ Mass Splitting Werner, K.; Bleicher, M.; Guiot, B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.232301	journal	June 2014
Photon Production in Hot and Dense Strongly Interacting Matter Gale, Charles Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01539-7_15	book	January 2010
Enhanced Production of Direct Photons in $Au + Au$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200 GeV$ and Implications for the Initial Temperature Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.132301	journal	March 2010
Measurement of Direct Photons in pp and Pb–Pb Collisions with ALICE Wilde, Martin Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 904-905 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.079	journal	May 2013
Observation of Direct-Photon Collective Flow in $Au + Au$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200 GeV$ Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.122302	journal	September 2012
Centrality dependence of low-momentum direct-photon production in $Au + Au$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200 GeV$ Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C. Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.064904	journal	June 2015
Systematic studies of the centrality dependence of soft photon production in Au + Au collision with PHENIX Bannier, Benjamin Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 931 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.034	journal	November 2014
Measurement of Direct-Photon Elliptic Flow in Pb-Pb Collisions at = 2.76 TeV Lohner, Daniel Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 446 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/446/1/012028	journal	September 2013
Viscous photons in relativistic heavy ion collisions Dion, Maxime; Paquet, Jean-François; Schenke, Björn Physical Review C, Vol. 84, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.064901	journal	December 2011
Next-to-leading order thermal photon production in a weakly coupled quark-gluon plasma Ghiglieri, Jacopo; Hong, Juhee; Kurkela, Aleksi Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2013)010	journal	May 2013
Photon emission from a momentum-anisotropic quark-gluon plasma Shen, Chun; Paquet, Jean-François; Heinz, Ulrich Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.014908	journal	January 2015
Universal parametrization of thermal photon rates in hadronic matter Heffernan, Matthew; Hohler, Paul; Rapp, Ralf Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.027902	journal	February 2015
Production and Elliptic Flow of Dileptons and Photons in a Matrix Model of the Quark-Gluon Plasma Gale, Charles; Hidaka, Yoshimasa; Jeon, Sangyong Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.072301	journal	February 2015
Thermal photons and collective flow at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider van Hees, Hendrik; Gale, Charles; Rapp, Ralf Physical Review C, Vol. 84, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.054906	journal	November 2011
Pseudo-critical enhancement of thermal photons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions? van Hees, Hendrik; He, Min; Rapp, Ralf Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 933 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.09.009	journal	January 2015
Enhancement of thermal photon production in event-by-event hydrodynamics Chatterjee, Rupa; Holopainen, Hannu; Renk, Thorsten Physical Review C, Vol. 83, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.054908	journal	May 2011
Elliptic flow of thermal photons from an event-by-event hydrodynamic model Chatterjee, Rupa; Holopainen, Hannu; Helenius, Ilkka Physical Review C, Vol. 88, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.034901	journal	September 2013
Photon elliptic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions: Hadronic versus partonic sources Linnyk, O.; Konchakovski, V. P.; Cassing, W. Physical Review C, Vol. 88, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.034904	journal	September 2013
Centrality dependence of the direct photon yield and elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200$ GeV Linnyk, O.; Cassing, W.; Bratkovskaya, E. L. Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.034908	journal	March 2014
Event-by-event direct photon anisotropic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions Shen, Chun; Paquet, Jean-François; Liu, Jia Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 931 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.08.030	journal	November 2014
Thermal photons as a quark-gluon plasma thermometer reexamined Shen, Chun; Heinz, Ulrich; Paquet, Jean-François Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.044910	journal	April 2014
Anisotropic flow of thermal photons as a quark-gluon plasma viscometer Shen, Chun; Heinz, Ulrich; Paquet, Jean-François Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.024908	journal	February 2015
Hadronic and partonic sources of direct photons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions Linnyk, O.; Konchakovski, V.; Steinert, T. Physical Review C, Vol. 92, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.054914	journal	November 2015
The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions Shen, Chun; Qiu, Zhi; Song, Huichao Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 199 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2015.08.039	journal	February 2016
Multiplicity and transverse momentum dependence of two- and four-particle correlations in pPb and PbPb collisions Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M. Physics Letters B, Vol. 724, Issue 4-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.06.028	journal	July 2013
Centrality dependence of charged hadron production in deuteron+gold and nucleon+gold collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV Adler, S. S.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C. Physical Review C, Vol. 77, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.014905	journal	January 2008
A Monte Carlo generator of nucleon configurations in complex nuclei including nucleon–nucleon correlations Alvioli, M.; Drescher, H. J.; Strikman, M. Physics Letters B, Vol. 680, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.08.067	journal	September 2009
Initial-state anisotropies and their uncertainties in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions from the Monte Carlo Glauber model Alvioli, M.; Holopainen, H.; Eskola, K. J. Physical Review C, Vol. 85, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.85.034902	journal	March 2012
Causal viscous hydrodynamics in 2 + 1 dimensions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions Song, Huichao; Heinz, Ulrich Physical Review C, Vol. 77, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064901	journal	June 2008
QCD equation of state and hadron resonance gas Huovinen, Pasi; Petreczky, Péter Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 837, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.02.015	journal	June 2010
Influence of Shear Viscosity of Quark-Gluon Plasma on Elliptic Flow in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Niemi, H.; Denicol, G. S.; Huovinen, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.212302	journal	May 2011
Photon emission from quark-gluon plasma: complete leading order results Arnold, Peter; Moore, Guy D.; Yaffe, Laurence G. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2001, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2001/12/009	journal	December 2001
Hadronic production of thermal photons Turbide, Simon; Rapp, Ralf; Gale, Charles Physical Review C, Vol. 69, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.014903	journal	January 2004
Study of the production of charged pions, kaons, and protons in pPb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}} =\; $$ s N N = 5.02 $$\,\text {TeV}$$ TeV Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M. The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 74, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2847-x	journal	June 2014
Importance of the Bulk Viscosity of QCD in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Ryu, S.; Paquet, J. -F.; Shen, C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.132301	journal	September 2015
Prompt photon production at large pT scheme invariant QCD predictions and comparison with experiment Aurenche, P.; Baier, R.; Fontannaz, M. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 297, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(88)90553-6	journal	February 1988
QCD corrections to parton-parton scattering processes Aversa, F.; Chiappetta, P.; Greco, M. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 327, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(89)90288-5	journal	November 1989
Centrality dependence of inclusive prompt photon production in d+Au, Au+Au, p+Pb, and Pb+Pb collisions Helenius, Ilkka; Eskola, Kari J.; Paukkunen, Hannu Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2013)030	journal	May 2013
EPS09 — A new generation of NLO and LO nuclear parton distribution functions Eskola, K. J.; Paukkunen, H.; Salgado, C. A. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2009, Issue 04 https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2009/04/065	journal	April 2009
Inclusive jet production, parton distributions, and the search for new physics Stump, Daniel; Huston, Joey; Pumplin, Jon Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2003, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2003/10/046	journal	October 2003
Quark and gluon fragmentation functions into photons Bourhis, L.; Fontannaz, M.; Guillet, J. P. The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s100529800708	journal	April 1998
Direct photon production in $d$ +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200$ GeV Adare, A.; Adler, S. S.; Afanasiev, S. Physical Review C, Vol. 87, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054907	journal	May 2013
(3+1)D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions Schenke, Björn; Jeon, Sangyong; Gale, Charles Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.014903	journal	July 2010
Fluctuating Glasma Initial Conditions and Flow in Heavy Ion Collisions Schenke, Björn; Tribedy, Prithwish; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.252301	journal	June 2012
Event-by-event gluon multiplicity, energy density, and eccentricities in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions Schenke, Björn; Tribedy, Prithwish; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review C, Vol. 86, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.034908	journal	September 2012
A tale of tails: Photon rates and flow in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions McLerran, Larry; Schenke, Björn Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 946 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2015.11.008	journal	February 2016

Cited By (5)

Effect of an electromagnetic field on the spectra and elliptic flow of particles Feng, Bohao; Wang, Zeyan Physical Review C, Vol. 95, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.95.054912	journal	May 2017
Collectivity and electromagnetic radiation in small systems Shen, Chun; Paquet, Jean-François; Denicol, Gabriel S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1609.02590	text	January 2016
Probing gluon saturation with next-to-leading order photon production at central rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions Benic, Sanjin; Fukushima, Kenji; Garcia-Montero, Oscar arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1609.09424	text	January 2016
Effect of an electromagnetic field on the spectra and elliptic flow of particles Feng, Bohao; Wang, Zeyan arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1705.07842	text	January 2017
Beam-energy and centrality dependence of direct-photon emission from ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1805.04084	text	January 2018