Ion selectivity of graphene nanopores

Rollings, Ryan C.; Kuan, Aaron T.; Golovchenko, Jene A.

doi:10.1038/ncomms11408

Title: Ion selectivity of graphene nanopores

Journal Article · Fri Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11408· OSTI ID:1270966

Rollings, Ryan C. ^[1]; Kuan, Aaron T. ^[2]; Golovchenko, Jene A. ^[3]

Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States). School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

As population growth continues to outpace development of water infrastructure in many countries, desalination (the removal of salts from seawater) at high energy efficiency will likely become a vital source of fresh water. Due to its atomic thinness combined with its mechanical strength, porous graphene may be particularly well-suited for electrodialysis desalination, in which ions are removed under an electric field via ion-selective pores. Here, we show that single graphene nanopores preferentially permit the passage of K⁺ cations over Cl^- anions with selectivity ratios of over 100 and conduct monovalent cations up to 5 times more rapidly than divalent cations. Furthermore, the observed K⁺/Cl^- selectivity persists in pores even as large as about 20 nm in diameter, suggesting that high throughput, highly selective graphene electrodialysis membranes can be fabricated without the need for subnanometer control over pore size.

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Research Organization:: Harvard Univ. Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23100

OSTI ID:: 1270966

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 7; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 324 works

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Title: Ion selectivity of graphene nanopores

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