Exploration of a Metastable Normal Spinel Phase Diagram for the Quaternary Li–Ni–Mn–Co–O System
- Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Neutron Scattering Science Division
In an attempt to enlarge the normal spinel phase diagram for the quaternary Li-Ni-Mn-Co-O system, the transformation at moderate temperatures (150-210 °C) of layered Li0.5(Ni1-y-zMnyCoz)O2 (R$$\bar{3}$$m), which were obtained by an ambient-temperature extraction of lithium from Li0.5(Ni1-y-zMnyCoz)O2, into normal spinel-like (Fd$$\bar{3}$$m) Li(Ni1-y-zMnyCoz)2O4 has been investigated. The phase-conversion mechanism has been studied by joint time-of-flight (TOF) neutron and X-ray diffractions, thermogravimetric analysis, and bond valence sum map. The ionic diffusion of lithium (3a, 6c) and nickel (3a, 3b) ions has been quantified as a function of temperature. The investigated spinel phases are metastable, and they are subject to change into rock-salt phases at higher temperatures. The phases have been characterized as cathodes in lithium-ion cells. Finally, the study may serve as a strategic model to access other metastable phases by low-temperature synthesis approaches.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 1261398
- Journal Information:
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 6; ISSN 0897-4756
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
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