Structures of Xenopus Embryonic Epidermal Lectin Reveal a Conserved Mechanism of Microbial Glycan Recognition

Wangkanont, Kittikhun; Wesener, Darryl A.; Vidani, Jack A.; Kiessling, Laura L.; Forest, Katrina T.

doi:10.1074/jbc.M115.709212

Title: Structures of Xenopus Embryonic Epidermal Lectin Reveal a Conserved Mechanism of Microbial Glycan Recognition

Journal Article · Tue Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.709212· OSTI ID:1770501

Wangkanont, Kittikhun; Wesener, Darryl A.; Vidani, Jack A.; Kiessling, Laura L.; Forest, Katrina T.

Intelectins (X-type lectins), broadly distributed throughout chordates, have been implicated in innate immunity. Xenopus laevis embryonic epidermal lectin (XEEL), an intelectin secreted into environmental water by the X. laevis embryo, is postulated to function as a defense against microbes. XEEL is homologous (64% identical) to human intelectin-1 (hIntL-1), which is also implicated in innate immune defense. We showed previously that hIntL-1 binds microbial glycans bearing exocyclic vicinal diol groups. It is unknown whether XEEL has the same ligand specificity. Also unclear is whether XEEL and hIntL-1 have similar quaternary structures, as XEEL lacks the corresponding cysteine residues in hIntL-1 that stabilize the disulfide-linked trimer. These observations prompted us to further characterize XEEL. We found that hIntL-1 and XEEL have similar structural features. Even without the corresponding intermolecular disulfide bonds present in hIntL-1, the carbohydrate recognition domain of XEEL (XEEL_CRD) forms a stable trimer in solution. The structure of XEEL_CRD in complex with d-glycerol-1-phosphate, a residue present in microbe-specific glycans, indicated that the exocyclic vicinal diol coordinates to a protein-bound calcium ion. This ligand-binding mode is conserved between XEEL and hIntL-1. The domain architecture of full-length XEEL is reminiscent of a barbell, with two sets of three glycan-binding sites oriented in opposite directions. This orientation is consistent with our observation that XEEL can promote the agglutination of specific serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Here, these data support a role for XEEL in innate immunity, and they highlight structural and functional conservation of X-type lectins among chordates.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; National Inst. of Health; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02–06CH11357; AC02–76SF00515; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-76SF00515; R01GM55984; R01AI063596; T32 GM008505; IOS1353674; DGE-1256259; P41GM103393; BIR-9512577; S10 RR13790

OSTI ID:: 1770501

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1254508

Journal Information:: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Name: Journal of Biological Chemistry Vol. 291 Journal Issue: 11; ISSN 0021-9258

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 27 works

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
carbohydrate-binding protein
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bacterial agglutination
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omentin

Title: Structures of Xenopus Embryonic Epidermal Lectin Reveal a Conserved Mechanism of Microbial Glycan Recognition

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