Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries

Wood, III, David L.; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.019

Title: Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries

Journal Article · Sun Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.019· OSTI ID:1249972

Wood, III, David L.; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus

A detailed processing cost breakdown is given for lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes, which focuses on: elimination of toxic, costly N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) dispersion chemistry; doubling the thicknesses of the anode and cathode to raise energy density; and, reduction of the anode electrolyte wetting and SEI-layer formation time. These processing cost reduction technologies generically adaptable to any anode or cathode cell chemistry and are being implemented at ORNL. This paper shows step by step how these cost savings can be realized in existing or new LIB manufacturing plants using a baseline case of thin (power) electrodes produced with NMP processing and a standard 10-14-day wetting and formation process. In particular, it is shown that aqueous electrode processing can cut the electrode processing cost and energy consumption by an order of magnitude. Doubling the thickness of the electrodes allows for using half of the inactive current collectors and separators, contributing even further to the processing cost savings. Finally wetting and SEI-layer formation cost savings are discussed in the context of a protocol with significantly reduced time. These three benefits collectively offer the possibility of reducing LIB pack cost from $502.8 kWh-1-usable to $370.3 kWh-1-usable, a savings of $132.5/kWh (or 26.4%).

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1249972

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1185532

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 275 Journal Issue: C; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

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Cited by: 479 works

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Electron Beam Curing of Composite Positive Electrode for Li-Ion Battery Du, Zhijia; Janke, C. J.; Li, Jianlin Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1171613jes	journal	January 2016
Interrelation between Redox Molecule Transport and Li ⁺ Ion Transport across a Model Solid Electrolyte Interphase Grown on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Kranz, T.; Kranz, S.; Miß, V. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1171714jes	journal	January 2017
The Influence of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Binder Properties on LiNi _0.33 Co _0.33 Mn _0.33 O ₂ (NMC) Electrodes Made by a Dry-Powder-Coating Process Wang, Ming; Hu, Jiazhi; Wang, Yikai Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1171910jes	journal	January 2019
An Approach for Pre-Lithiation of Li _{1+ x} Ni _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ Cathodes Mitigating Active Lithium Loss Betz, Johannes; Nowak, Laura; Winter, Martin Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1221914jes	journal	January 2019
Enhanced Fast Charging and Reduced Lithium-Plating by Laser-Structured Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Habedank, Jan Bernd; Kriegler, Johannes; Zaeh, Michael F. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1241915jes	journal	January 2019
Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future Peled, E.; Menkin, S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1441707jes	journal	January 2017
Review—Practical Challenges Hindering the Development of Solid State Li Ion Batteries Kerman, Kian; Luntz, Alan; Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1571707jes	journal	January 2017
Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus; An, Seong Jin MRS Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.6	journal	January 2016
Understanding the structure and structural degradation mechanisms in high-voltage, lithium-manganese–rich lithium-ion battery cathode oxides: A review of materials diagnostics Mohanty, Debasish; Li, Jianlin; Nagpure, Shrikant C. MRS Energy & Sustainability, Vol. 2 https://doi.org/10.1557/mre.2015.16	journal	January 2015
Industrial applications of ultrafast laser processing Mottay, Eric; Liu, Xinbing; Zhang, Haibin MRS Bulletin, Vol. 41, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2016.275	journal	December 2016
Full Cell Parameterization of a High-Power Lithium-Ion Battery for a Physico-Chemical Model: Part I. Physical and Electrochemical Parameters Schmalstieg, Johannes; Rahe, Christiane; Ecker, Madeleine RWTH Aachen University https://doi.org/10.18154/rwth-2019-00228	text	January 2018
Improved Capacity Retention of SiO2-Coated LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Lu, Xiaoxue; Zhang, Ningxin; Jahn, Marcus Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.3390/app9183671	journal	September 2019
The Ultrafast Laser Ablation of Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 Electrodes with High Mass Loading Zhu, Penghui; Seifert, Hans Jürgen; Pfleging, Wilhelm Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194067	journal	September 2019
Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries Peters, Jens; Peña Cruz, Alexandra; Weil, Marcel Batteries, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries5010010	journal	January 2019
Life Cycle Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Automotive Applications Dai, Qiang; Kelly, Jarod C.; Gaines, Linda Batteries, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries5020048	journal	June 2019
Exploring the Effect of Increased Energy Density on the Environmental Impacts of Traction Batteries: A Comparison of Energy Optimized Lithium-Ion and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Mobility Applications Cerdas, Felipe; Titscher, Paul; Bognar, Nicolas Energies, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/en11010150	journal	January 2018
Influence of Electrode Density on the Performance of Li-Ion Batteries: Experimental and Simulation Results Smekens, Jelle; Gopalakrishnan, Rahul; Steen, Nils Energies, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/en9020104	journal	February 2016
Environmental Screening of Electrode Materials for a Rechargeable Aluminum Battery with an AlCl3/EMIMCl Electrolyte Ellingsen, Linda; Holland, Alex; Drillet, Jean-Francois Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11060936	journal	June 2018
Tailoring of Aqueous-Based Carbon Nanotube–Nanocellulose Films as Self-Standing Flexible Anodes for Lithium-Ion Storage Nguyen, Hoang Kha; Bae, Jaehan; Hur, Jaehyun Nanomaterials, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9040655	journal	April 2019

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