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Title: Comparative genomic insights into ecophysiology of neutrophilic, microaerophilic iron oxidizing bacteria

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Microbiology
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [3]
  1. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States); RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba (Japan)
  2. RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba (Japan)
  3. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
  4. Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan)
  5. Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA (United States)

Neutrophilic microaerophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) are thought to play a significant role in cycling of carbon, iron and associated elements in both freshwater and marine iron-rich environments. However, the roles of the neutrophilic microaerophilic FeOB are still poorly understood due largely to the difficulty of cultivation and lack of functional gene markers. Here, we analyze the genomes of two freshwater neutrophilic microaerophilic stalk-forming FeOB, Ferriphaselus amnicola OYT1 and Ferriphaselus strain R-1. Phylogenetic analyses confirm that these are distinct species within Betaproteobacteria; we describe strain R-1 and propose the name F. globulitus. We compare the genomes to those of two freshwater Betaproteobacterial and three marine Zetaproteobacterial FeOB isolates in order to look for mechanisms common to all FeOB, or just stalk-forming FeOB. The OYT1 and R-1 genomes both contain homologs to cyc2, which encodes a protein that has been shown to oxidize Fe in the acidophilic FeOB, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. This c-type cytochrome common to all seven microaerophilic FeOB isolates, strengthening the case for its common utility in the Fe oxidation pathway. In contrast, the OYT1 and R-1 genomes lack mto genes found in other freshwater FeOB. OYT1 and R-1 both have genes that suggest they can oxidize sulfur species. Both have the genes necessary to fix carbon by the Calvin-Benson-Basshom pathway, while only OYT1 has the genes necessary to fix nitrogen. The stalk-forming FeOB share xag genes that may help form the polysaccharide structure of stalks. Both OYT1 and R-1 make a novel biomineralization structure, short rod-shaped Fe oxyhydroxides much smaller than their stalks; these oxides are constantly shed, and may be a vector for C, P, and metal transport to downstream environments. Our results show that while different FeOB are adapted to particular niches, freshwater and marine FeOB likely share common mechanisms for Fe oxidation electron transport and biomineralization pathways.

Research Organization:
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1241147
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1512142
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 6; ISSN 1664-302X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 57 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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The role of iron-oxidizing bacteria in biocorrosion: a review journal October 2018
In-situ incubation of iron-sulfur mineral reveals a diverse chemolithoautotrophic community and a new biogeochemical role for Thiomicrospira : A new biogeochemical role for journal February 2017
Genomes of ubiquitous marine and hypersaline Hydrogenovibrio , Thiomicrorhabdus and Thiomicrospira spp. encode a diversity of mechanisms to sustain chemolithoautotrophy in heterogeneous environments : Hydrogenovibrio, Thiomicrorhabdus, Thiomicrospira journal April 2018
The distribution of active iron‐cycling bacteria in marine and freshwater sediments is decoupled from geochemical gradients journal July 2018
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Figures / Tables (10)