Simulation of gross and net erosion of high-Z materials in the DIII-D divertor

Wampler, William R.; Ding, R.; Stangeby, P. C.; Elder, J. D.; Tskhakaya, D.; Kirschner, A.; Guo, H. Y.; Chan, V. S.; McLean, A. G.; Snyder, P. B.; Rudakov, D. L.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/56/1/016021

Title: Simulation of gross and net erosion of high-Z materials in the DIII-D divertor

Journal Article · Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/1/016021· OSTI ID:1238648

Wampler, William R. ^[1]; Ding, R. ^[2]; Stangeby, P. C. ^[3]; Elder, J. D. ^[3]; Tskhakaya, D. ^[4]; Kirschner, A. ^[5]; Guo, H. Y. ^[6]; Chan, V. S. ^[7]; McLean, A. G. ^[8]; Snyder, P. B. ^[7]; Rudakov, D. L. ^[9]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Anhui (People's Republic of China); Oak Ridge Associated Univ., Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada)
TU Wein, Vienna (Austria)
Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich (Germany)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Anhui (People's Republic of China)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of Californa San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)

The three-dimensional Monte Carlo code ERO has been used to simulate dedicated DIII-D experiments in which Mo and W samples with different sizes were exposed to controlled and well-diagnosed divertor plasma conditions to measure the gross and net erosion rates. Experimentally, the net erosion rate is significantly reduced due to the high local redeposition probability of eroded high-Z materials, which according to the modelling is mainly controlled by the electric field and plasma density within the Chodura sheath. Similar redeposition ratios were obtained from ERO modelling with three different sheath models for small angles between the magnetic field and the material surface, mainly because of their similar mean ionization lengths. The modelled redeposition ratios are close to the measured value. Decreasing the potential drop across the sheath can suppress both gross and net erosion because sputtering yield is decreased due to lower incident energy while the redeposition ratio is not reduced owing to the higher electron density in the Chodura sheath. Taking into account material mixing in the ERO surface model, the net erosion rate of high-Z materials is shown to be strongly dependent on the carbon impurity concentration in the background plasma; higher carbon concentration can suppress net erosion. As a result, the principal experimental results such as net erosion rate and profile and redeposition ratio are well reproduced by the ERO simulations.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; AC52-07NA27344; FC02-04ER54698; FG02-07ER54917; 2013GB107004

OSTI ID:: 1238648

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1238813

Report Number(s):: SAND-2015-10258J; 613827

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 1; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 43 works

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Impact of ELM control techniques on tungsten sputtering in the DIII-D divertor and extrapolations to ITER Abrams, T.; Unterberg, E. A.; Rudakov, D. L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5089895	journal	June 2019
Material testing facilities and programs for plasma-facing component testing Linsmeier, Ch.; Unterberg, B.; Coenen, J. W. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 57, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa4feb	journal	June 2017
ERO modeling and sensitivity analysis of locally enhanced beryllium erosion by magnetically connected antennas Lasa, A.; Borodin, D.; Canik, J. M. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa90c0	journal	December 2017
DIII-D research towards establishing the scientific basis for future fusion reactors Petty, C. C. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab024a	journal	June 2019

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