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Title: An electrostatic mechanism for Ca2+-mediated regulation of gap junction channels

Journal Article · · Nature Communications
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9770· OSTI ID:1235480
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [3];  [6];  [4];  [7]
  1. Samford Univ., Birmingham, AL (United States); Univ. of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  3. The Scripps Research Inst., La Jolla, CA (United States)
  4. Univ. of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  5. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  6. Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ (United States)
  7. Univ. of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA (United States); The Scripps Research Inst., La Jolla, CA (United States)

Gap junction channels mediate intercellular signalling that is crucial in tissue development, homeostasis and pathologic states such as cardiac arrhythmias, cancer and trauma. To explore the mechanism by which Ca2+ blocks intercellular communication during tissue injury, we determined the X-ray crystal structures of the human Cx26 gap junction channel with and without bound Ca2+. The two structures were nearly identical, ruling out both a large-scale structural change and a local steric constriction of the pore. Ca2+ coordination sites reside at the interfaces between adjacent subunits, near the entrance to the extracellular gap, where local, side chain conformational rearrangements enable Ca2+chelation. Computational analysis revealed that Ca2+-binding generates a positive electrostatic barrier that substantially inhibits permeation of cations such as K+ into the pore. Our results provide structural evidence for a unique mechanism of channel regulation: ionic conduction block via an electrostatic barrier rather than steric occlusion of the channel pore.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Cancer Inst.; National Inst. of General Medical Sciences
Grant/Contract Number:
W-31-109-Eng-38; R01 HL048908; R01 GM098538; R01 GM071872; P50 GM073197; Y1-CO-1020; Y1-GM-1104
OSTI ID:
1235480
Journal Information:
Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 95 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (40)

Calmodulin-Mediated Regulation of Gap Junction Channels journal January 2020
Connexin Hemichannels in Astrocytes: Role in CNS Disorders journal February 2019
Microarray-based screening system identifies temperature-controlled activity of Connexin 26 that is distorted by mutations text January 2019
Inner Ear Connexin Channels: Roles in Development and Maintenance of Cochlear Function journal September 2018
GAP junctional communication in brain secondary organizers journal June 2016
The syndromic deafness mutation G12R impairs fast and slow gating in Cx26 hemichannels journal April 2018
On Biophysical Properties and Sensitivity to Gap Junction Blockers of Connexin 39 Hemichannels Expressed in HeLa Cells journal February 2017
Connexins in Astrocyte Migration journal January 2020
Modulation of Asymmetric Flux in Heterotypic Gap Junctions by Pore Shape, Particle Size and Charge journal April 2017
Innexins: Expression, Regulation, and Functions journal October 2018
Structure of a volume-regulated anion channel of the LRRC8 family text January 2018
Gap junction structure: unraveled, but not fully revealed journal April 2017
Magnesium interactions with a CX26 connexon in lipid bilayers journal July 2019
Cryo-EM structures of the human volume-regulated anion channel LRRC8 journal August 2018
Specific functional pathologies of Cx43 mutations associated with oculodentodigital dysplasia journal July 2016
Flow-induced mechanotransduction in skeletal cells journal September 2019
Modelling of Ca 2+ -promoted structural effects in wild type and post-translationally modified Connexin26 journal November 2019
Calmodulin-Mediated Regulation of Gap Junction Channels book January 2020
Atomic structure of the innexin-6 gap junction channel determined by cryo-EM journal December 2016
Microarray-based screening system identifies temperature-controlled activity of Connexin 26 that is distorted by mutations journal September 2019
Loss of Coupling Distinguishes GJB1 Mutations Associated with CNS Manifestations of CMT1X from Those Without CNS Manifestations journal January 2017
A structural and functional comparison of gap junction channels composed of connexins and innexins: Structural and Functional Comparison of Gap Junction Channels journal November 2016
Critical role of ATP-induced ATP release for Ca 2+ signaling in nonsensory cell networks of the developing cochlea journal November 2016
The connexin26 human mutation N14K disrupts cytosolic intersubunit interactions and promotes channel opening journal December 2018
Structural determinants underlying permeant discrimination of the Cx43 hemichannel journal September 2019
Gap Junction Channels of Innexins and Connexins: Relations and Computational Perspectives journal May 2019
Structure of native lens connexin 46/50 intercellular channels by cryo-EM journal December 2018
Structure of a volume-regulated anion channel of the LRRC8 family journal May 2018
Accessing gap-junction channel structure-function relationships through molecular modeling and simulations journal January 2017
Therapeutic strategies targeting connexins journal October 2018
Bioinspired smart asymmetric nanochannel membranes journal January 2018
Modulation of Connexin-36 Gap Junction Channels by Intracellular pH and Magnesium Ions journal April 2018
Variable effects of local management on coral defenses against a thermally regulated bleaching pathogen journal October 2019
Variants with increased negative electrostatic potential in the Cx50 gap junction pore increased unitary channel conductance and magnesium modulation journal November 2018
Evolutionary adaptation of the sensitivity of connexin26 hemichannels to CO 2 journal February 2017
Cryo-EM structure of the volume-regulated anion channel LRRC8 posted_content May 2018
Carbon replicas reveal double stranded structure of tight junctions in phase-contrast electron microscopy journal March 2019
Electrical coupling and its channels journal November 2018
Structure of an innexin gap junction channel and cryo-EM sample preparation journal September 2017
Comparative functional characterization of novel non-syndromicGJB2gene variant p.Gly45Arg and lethal syndromic variant p.Gly45Glu journal October 2016