The de-correlation of westerly winds and westerly-wind stress over the Southern Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum
Abstract
This paper investigates the changes of the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) and Southern Ocean (SO) upwelling between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and preindustrial (PI) in the PMIP3/CMIP5 simulations, highlighting the role of the Antarctic sea ice in modulating the wind stress effect on the ocean. Particularly, a discrepancy may occur between the changes in SWW and westerly wind stress, caused primarily by an equatorward expansion of winter Antarctic sea ice that undermines the wind stress in driving the liquid ocean. Such discrepancy may reflect the LGM condition in reality, in view of that the model simulates this condition has most credible simulation of modern SWW and Antarctic sea ice. The effect of wind stress on the SO upwelling is further explored via the wind-induced Ekman pumping, which is reduced under the LGM condition in all models, in part by the sea-ice “capping” effect present in the models.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1233769
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-101878
Journal ID: ISSN 0930-7575; KP1703010
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal Name:
- Climate Dynamics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 45; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0930-7575
- Publisher:
- Springer-Verlag
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- southern westerly winds; upwelling; Antarctic sea ice
Citation Formats
Liu, Wei, Lu, Jian, Leung, Lai-Yung R., Xie, Shang-Ping, Liu, Zhengyu, and Zhu, Jiang. The de-correlation of westerly winds and westerly-wind stress over the Southern Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2530-4.
Liu, Wei, Lu, Jian, Leung, Lai-Yung R., Xie, Shang-Ping, Liu, Zhengyu, & Zhu, Jiang. The de-correlation of westerly winds and westerly-wind stress over the Southern Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2530-4
Liu, Wei, Lu, Jian, Leung, Lai-Yung R., Xie, Shang-Ping, Liu, Zhengyu, and Zhu, Jiang. 2015.
"The de-correlation of westerly winds and westerly-wind stress over the Southern Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2530-4.
@article{osti_1233769,
title = {The de-correlation of westerly winds and westerly-wind stress over the Southern Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum},
author = {Liu, Wei and Lu, Jian and Leung, Lai-Yung R. and Xie, Shang-Ping and Liu, Zhengyu and Zhu, Jiang},
abstractNote = {This paper investigates the changes of the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) and Southern Ocean (SO) upwelling between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and preindustrial (PI) in the PMIP3/CMIP5 simulations, highlighting the role of the Antarctic sea ice in modulating the wind stress effect on the ocean. Particularly, a discrepancy may occur between the changes in SWW and westerly wind stress, caused primarily by an equatorward expansion of winter Antarctic sea ice that undermines the wind stress in driving the liquid ocean. Such discrepancy may reflect the LGM condition in reality, in view of that the model simulates this condition has most credible simulation of modern SWW and Antarctic sea ice. The effect of wind stress on the SO upwelling is further explored via the wind-induced Ekman pumping, which is reduced under the LGM condition in all models, in part by the sea-ice “capping” effect present in the models.},
doi = {10.1007/s00382-015-2530-4},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1233769},
journal = {Climate Dynamics},
issn = {0930-7575},
number = 11,
volume = 45,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Feb 22 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Sun Feb 22 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}