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Title: Mesoscale evolution of voids and microstructural changes in HMX-based explosives during heating through the β-δ phase transition

Abstract

HMX-based explosives LX-10 and PBX-9501 were heated through the β-δ phase transition. Ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) and molecular diffraction were simultaneously recorded as the HMX was heated. Mesoscale voids and structure dramatically change promptly with the β-δ phase transition, rather than with other thermal effects. Also, x-ray induced damage, observed in the USAXS, occurs more readily at elevated temperatures; as such, the dose was reduced to mitigate this effect. Optical microscopy performed during a similar heating cycle gives an indication of changes on longer length scales, while x-ray microtomography, performed before and after heating, shows the character of extensive microstructural damage resulting from the temperature cycle and solid-state phase transition.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1241990
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1229565
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-669215
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979; JAPIAU
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 118; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats

Willey, Trevor M., Lauderbach, Lisa, Gagliardi, Franco, van Buuren, Tony, Glascoe, Elizabeth A., Tringe, Joseph W., Lee, Jonathan R. I., Springer, H. Keo, and Ilavsky, Jan. Mesoscale evolution of voids and microstructural changes in HMX-based explosives during heating through the β-δ phase transition. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4927614.
Willey, Trevor M., Lauderbach, Lisa, Gagliardi, Franco, van Buuren, Tony, Glascoe, Elizabeth A., Tringe, Joseph W., Lee, Jonathan R. I., Springer, H. Keo, & Ilavsky, Jan. Mesoscale evolution of voids and microstructural changes in HMX-based explosives during heating through the β-δ phase transition. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4927614
Willey, Trevor M., Lauderbach, Lisa, Gagliardi, Franco, van Buuren, Tony, Glascoe, Elizabeth A., Tringe, Joseph W., Lee, Jonathan R. I., Springer, H. Keo, and Ilavsky, Jan. 2015. "Mesoscale evolution of voids and microstructural changes in HMX-based explosives during heating through the β-δ phase transition". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4927614. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1241990.
@article{osti_1241990,
title = {Mesoscale evolution of voids and microstructural changes in HMX-based explosives during heating through the β-δ phase transition},
author = {Willey, Trevor M. and Lauderbach, Lisa and Gagliardi, Franco and van Buuren, Tony and Glascoe, Elizabeth A. and Tringe, Joseph W. and Lee, Jonathan R. I. and Springer, H. Keo and Ilavsky, Jan},
abstractNote = {HMX-based explosives LX-10 and PBX-9501 were heated through the β-δ phase transition. Ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) and molecular diffraction were simultaneously recorded as the HMX was heated. Mesoscale voids and structure dramatically change promptly with the β-δ phase transition, rather than with other thermal effects. Also, x-ray induced damage, observed in the USAXS, occurs more readily at elevated temperatures; as such, the dose was reduced to mitigate this effect. Optical microscopy performed during a similar heating cycle gives an indication of changes on longer length scales, while x-ray microtomography, performed before and after heating, shows the character of extensive microstructural damage resulting from the temperature cycle and solid-state phase transition.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4927614},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1241990}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
issn = {0021-8979},
number = 5,
volume = 118,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

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Cited by: 37 works
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Works referenced in this record:

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journal, March 2012


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journal, May 2014


An Optical Microscopy and Small-Angle Scattering Study of Porosity in Thermally Treated PBX 9501
conference, January 2002


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journal, September 2014


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conference, October 2012


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journal, April 2009


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journal, February 2009


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journal, February 2013


Spatiotemporal Behavior of Void Collapse in Shocked Solids
journal, January 2004


A small-angle X-ray scattering study of micro-defects in thermally treated HMX
journal, January 2012


Works referencing / citing this record:

Characterization of Crystal Microstructure Based on Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) Technique
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In Situ Imaging during Compression of Plastic Bonded Explosives for Damage Modeling
journal, June 2017


The Thermal and Microstructural Effect of Plasticizing HMX-Nitrocellulose Composites
journal, March 2017


Characterization of Crystal Microstructure Based on Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) Technique
journal, January 2020


In Situ Imaging during Compression of Plastic Bonded Explosives for Damage Modeling
journal, June 2017


Microscale Electromagnetic Heating in Heterogeneous Energetic Materials Based on X-ray Computed Tomography
journal, April 2016