Modeling the global emission, transport and deposition of trace elements associated with mineral dust
Abstract
Trace element deposition from desert dust has important impacts on ocean primary productivity, the quantification of which could be useful in determining the magnitude and sign of the biogeochemical feedback on radiative forcing. However, the impact of elemental deposition to remote ocean regions is not well understood and is not currently included in global climate models. In this study, emission inventories for eight elements primarily of soil origin, Mg, P, Ca, Mn, Fe, K, Al, and Si are determined based on a global mineral data set and a soil data set. The resulting elemental fractions are used to drive the desert dust model in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) in order to simulate the elemental concentrations of atmospheric dust. Spatial variability of mineral dust elemental fractions is evident on a global scale, particularly for Ca. Simulations of global variations in the Ca / Al ratio, which typically range from around 0.1 to 5.0 in soils, are consistent with observations, suggesting that this ratio is a good signature for dust source regions. The simulated variable fractions of chemical elements are sufficiently different; estimates of deposition should include elemental variations, especially for Ca, Al and Fe. The model results have beenmore »
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1223542
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 0006735
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Biogeosciences (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Biogeosciences (Online) Journal Volume: 12 Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 1726-4189
- Publisher:
- Copernicus Publications, EGU
- Country of Publication:
- Germany
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Zhang, Y., Mahowald, N., Scanza, R. A., Journet, E., Desboeufs, K., Albani, S., Kok, J. F., Zhuang, G., Chen, Y., Cohen, D. D., Paytan, A., Patey, M. D., Achterberg, E. P., Engelbrecht, J. P., and Fomba, K. W. Modeling the global emission, transport and deposition of trace elements associated with mineral dust. Germany: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.5194/bg-12-5771-2015.
Zhang, Y., Mahowald, N., Scanza, R. A., Journet, E., Desboeufs, K., Albani, S., Kok, J. F., Zhuang, G., Chen, Y., Cohen, D. D., Paytan, A., Patey, M. D., Achterberg, E. P., Engelbrecht, J. P., & Fomba, K. W. Modeling the global emission, transport and deposition of trace elements associated with mineral dust. Germany. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5771-2015
Zhang, Y., Mahowald, N., Scanza, R. A., Journet, E., Desboeufs, K., Albani, S., Kok, J. F., Zhuang, G., Chen, Y., Cohen, D. D., Paytan, A., Patey, M. D., Achterberg, E. P., Engelbrecht, J. P., and Fomba, K. W. 2015.
"Modeling the global emission, transport and deposition of trace elements associated with mineral dust". Germany. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5771-2015.
@article{osti_1223542,
title = {Modeling the global emission, transport and deposition of trace elements associated with mineral dust},
author = {Zhang, Y. and Mahowald, N. and Scanza, R. A. and Journet, E. and Desboeufs, K. and Albani, S. and Kok, J. F. and Zhuang, G. and Chen, Y. and Cohen, D. D. and Paytan, A. and Patey, M. D. and Achterberg, E. P. and Engelbrecht, J. P. and Fomba, K. W.},
abstractNote = {Trace element deposition from desert dust has important impacts on ocean primary productivity, the quantification of which could be useful in determining the magnitude and sign of the biogeochemical feedback on radiative forcing. However, the impact of elemental deposition to remote ocean regions is not well understood and is not currently included in global climate models. In this study, emission inventories for eight elements primarily of soil origin, Mg, P, Ca, Mn, Fe, K, Al, and Si are determined based on a global mineral data set and a soil data set. The resulting elemental fractions are used to drive the desert dust model in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) in order to simulate the elemental concentrations of atmospheric dust. Spatial variability of mineral dust elemental fractions is evident on a global scale, particularly for Ca. Simulations of global variations in the Ca / Al ratio, which typically range from around 0.1 to 5.0 in soils, are consistent with observations, suggesting that this ratio is a good signature for dust source regions. The simulated variable fractions of chemical elements are sufficiently different; estimates of deposition should include elemental variations, especially for Ca, Al and Fe. The model results have been evaluated with observations of elemental aerosol concentrations from desert regions and dust events in non-dust regions, providing insights into uncertainties in the modeling approach. The ratios between modeled and observed elemental fractions range from 0.7 to 1.6, except for Mg and Mn (3.4 and 3.5, respectively). Using the soil database improves the correspondence of the spatial heterogeneity in the modeling of several elements (Ca, Al and Fe) compared to observations. Total and soluble dust element fluxes to different ocean basins and ice sheet regions have been estimated, based on the model results. The annual inputs of soluble Mg, P, Ca, Mn, Fe and K associated with dust using the mineral data set are 0.30 Tg, 16.89 Gg, 1.32 Tg, 22.84 Gg, 0.068 Tg, and 0.15 Tg to global oceans and ice sheets.},
doi = {10.5194/bg-12-5771-2015},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1223542},
journal = {Biogeosciences (Online)},
issn = {1726-4189},
number = 19,
volume = 12,
place = {Germany},
year = {Mon Oct 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Oct 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Biomass burning as a source of dissolved iron to the open ocean?: DISSOLVED IRON FROM BIOMASS BURNING
journal, October 2005
- Guieu, Cécile; Bonnet, Sophie; Wagener, Thibaut
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 19
Climate-related variations in crustal trace elements in Dome C (East Antarctica) ice during the past 672 kyr
journal, August 2008
- Marteel, Alexandrine; Gaspari, Vania; Boutron, Claude F.
- Climatic Change, Vol. 92, Issue 1-2
The effect of harmonized emissions on aerosol properties in global models – an AeroCom experiment
journal, January 2007
- Textor, C.; Schulz, M.; Guibert, S.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 17
Characterizing Mineral Dusts and Other Aerosols from the Middle East—Part 1: Ambient Sampling
journal, April 2009
- Engelbrecht, Johann P.; McDonald, Eric V.; Gillies, John A.
- Inhalation Toxicology, Vol. 21, Issue 4
Dust emission from Chinese desert sources linked to variations in atmospheric circulation
journal, December 1997
- Zhang, Xiao Y.; Arimoto, Richard; An, Zhi S.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D23
Bulk and single-particle mineralogy of Asian dust and a comparison with its source soils
journal, January 2008
- Jeong, Gi Young
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D2
On the use of dissolved aluminum in surface waters to estimate dust deposition to the ocean
journal, March 2000
- Measures, C. I.; Vink, S.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Chemistry of rain events in West Africa: evidence of dust and biogenic influence in convective systems
journal, January 2010
- Desboeufs, K.; Journet, E.; Rajot, J. -L.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 19
Major element, rare earth element, and sulfur isotopic composition of a high-elevation firn core: Sources and transport of mineral dust in central Asia: MINERAL DUST
journal, November 2000
- Kreutz, Karl J.; Sholkovitz, Edward R.
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 1, Issue 11
Saharan input of phosphate to the oligotrophic water of the open western Mediterranean Sea
journal, May 2002
- Ridame, Céline; Guieu, Cécile
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 47, Issue 3
Seasonal and spatial distributions and dry deposition fluxes of atmospheric total and labile iron over the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean
journal, January 2004
- Chen, Ying
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D9
Combustion iron distribution and deposition: COMBUSTION IRON
journal, February 2008
- Luo, Chao; Mahowald, N.; Bond, T.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 22, Issue 1
Sedimentary and mineral dust sources of dissolved iron to the world ocean
journal, January 2008
- Moore, J. K.; Braucher, O.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3
Geochemistry of aerosols of northwestern part of India adjoining the Thar desert
journal, May 2004
- Yadav, Sudesh; Rajamani, V.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 68, Issue 9
The continental margin is a key source of iron to the HNLC North Pacific Ocean: CONTINENTAL MARGIN AND THE NORTH PACIFIC
journal, April 2008
- Lam, Phoebe J.; Bishop, James K. B.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, Issue 7
Modeling the mineralogy of atmospheric dust sources
journal, September 1999
- Claquin, T.; Schulz, M.; Balkanski, Y. J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D18
Modeling dust as component minerals in the Community Atmosphere Model: development of framework and impact on radiative forcing
journal, January 2015
- Scanza, R. A.; Mahowald, N.; Ghan, S.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 1
Atmospheric input of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Southeast Mediterranean: Sources, fluxes, and possible impact
journal, October 1999
- Herut, Barak; Krom, Michael D.; Pan, Gang
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 44, Issue 7
Dust deposition in southern Nevada and California, 1984–1989: Relations to climate, source area, and source lithology
journal, January 1995
- Reheis, Marith C.; Kihl, Rolf
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, Issue D5
The role of dust in supplying nitrogen and phosphorus to the Southeast Mediterranean
journal, May 2002
- Herut, Barak; Collier, Robert; Krom, Michael D.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 47, Issue 3
Atmospheric iron supply and enhanced vertical carbon flux in the NE subarctic Pacific: Is there a connection?
journal, September 1998
- Boyd, P. W.; Wong, C. S.; Merrill, J.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Trace-element concentrations in erodible soils
journal, January 1982
- Schütz, Lothar; Rahn, Kenneth A.
- Atmospheric Environment (1967), Vol. 16, Issue 1
Improved dust representation in the Community Atmosphere Model
journal, July 2014
- Albani, S.; Mahowald, N. M.; Perry, A. T.
- Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Technical Note: High-resolution mineralogical database of dust-productive soils for atmospheric dust modeling
journal, January 2012
- Nickovic, S.; Vukovic, A.; Vujadinovic, M.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 2
Fine particle characterisation, source apportionment and long-range dust transport into the Sydney Basin: a long term study between 1998 and 2009
journal, April 2011
- Cohen, David D.; Stelcer, Eduard; Garton, David
- Atmospheric Pollution Research, Vol. 2, Issue 2
The case for iron
journal, December 1991
- Martin, John H.; Gordon, Michael; Fitzwater, Steve E.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 36, Issue 8
Trace elements in tropical African savanna biomass burning aerosols
journal, October 1995
- Gaudichet, A.; Echalar, F.; Chatenet, B.
- Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 1-2
Characteristics of Atmospheric Transport Using Three Numerical Formulations for Atmospheric Dynamics in a Single GCM Framework
journal, June 2006
- Rasch, Philip J.; Coleman, Danielle B.; Mahowald, Natalie
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 19, Issue 11
Regional variability of the composition of mineral dust from western Africa: Results from the AMMA SOP0/DABEX and DODO field campaigns
journal, January 2008
- Formenti, P.; Rajot, J. L.; Desboeufs, K.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113
Chemical composition and source characterization of spring aerosol over Horqin sand land in northeastern China
journal, January 2007
- Shen, Z. X.; Cao, J. J.; Arimoto, R.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D14
Sources and fluxes of atmospheric trace elements to the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea: ATMOSPHERIC ELEMENTS AT GULF OF AQABA
journal, March 2008
- Chen, Ying; Paytan, Adina; Chase, Zanna
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 113, Issue D5
Quantitative analysis of mineral phases in atmospheric dust deposited in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula
journal, June 2011
- Díaz-Hernández, J. L.; Martín-Ramos, J. D.; López-Galindo, A.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 45, Issue 18
Marine Bioinorganic Chemistry: The Role of Trace Metals in the Oceanic Cycles of Major Nutrients
book, January 2003
- Morel, F. M. M.; Milligan, A. J.; Saito, M. A.
- Treatise on Geochemistry
The contemporary physical and chemical flux of aeolian dust: A synthesis of direct measurements of dust deposition
journal, September 2009
- Lawrence, Corey R.; Neff, Jason C.
- Chemical Geology, Vol. 267, Issue 1-2
Characterization of soil dust aerosol in China and its transport and distribution during 2001 ACE-Asia: 1. Network observations: SOIL DUST AEROSOL IN CHINA, 1
journal, May 2003
- Zhang, X. Y.; Gong, S. L.; Shen, Z. X.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D9
Atmospheric and marine controls on aerosol iron solubility in seawater
journal, June 2010
- Baker, A. R.; Croot, P. L.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 120, Issue 1-4
The sources and forms of phosphorus in marine aerosol particles and rain from Northern New Zealand
journal, January 1985
- Chen, Liqi; Arimoto, Richard; Duce, Robert A.
- Atmospheric Environment (1967), Vol. 19, Issue 5
Estimates of atmospheric-processed soluble iron from observations and a global mineral aerosol model: Biogeochemical implications
journal, January 2004
- Hand, J. L.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D17
Atmospheric processing of iron carried by mineral dust
journal, January 2013
- Nickovic, S.; Vukovic, A.; Vujadinovic, M.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 18
A scaling theory for the size distribution of emitted dust aerosols suggests climate models underestimate the size of the global dust cycle
journal, December 2010
- Kok, J. F.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 3
Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton
journal, March 2009
- Paytan, A.; Mackey, K. R. M.; Chen, Y.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, Issue 12
Dolomite as a tracer for the source regions of Asian dust
journal, January 2007
- Li, Gaojun; Chen, Jun; Chen, Yang
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D17
Geochemical variations in aeolian mineral particles from the Sahara–Sahel Dust Corridor
journal, October 2006
- Moreno, Teresa; Querol, Xavier; Castillo, Sonia
- Chemosphere, Vol. 65, Issue 2
Chemical composition of dust storms in Beijing and implications for the mixing of mineral aerosol with pollution aerosol on the pathway
journal, January 2005
- Sun, Yele; Zhuang, Guoshun; Wang, Ying
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D24
Atmospheric transport of iron and its deposition in the ocean
journal, December 1991
- Duce, Robert A.; Tindale, Neil W.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 36, Issue 8
Chemical composition and complex refractive index of Saharan Mineral Dust at Izaña, Tenerife (Spain) derived by electron microscopy
journal, December 2007
- Kandler, Konrad; Benker, Nathalie; Bundke, Ulrich
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, Issue 37
Atmospheric global dust cycle and iron inputs to the ocean: ATMOSPHERIC IRON DEPOSITION
journal, December 2005
- Mahowald, Natalie M.; Baker, Alex R.; Bergametti, Gilles
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 19, Issue 4
Characterization of late glacial continental dust in the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core
journal, February 2000
- Svensson, Anders; Biscaye, Pierre E.; Grousset, Francis E.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 105, Issue D4
Mineralogical and chemical characterization of suspended atmospheric particles over the east Mediterranean based on synoptic-scale circulation patterns
journal, August 2009
- Kalderon-Asael, Boriana; Erel, Yigal; Sandler, Amir
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 43, Issue 25
Elemental composition (Si, Fe, Ti) of atmospheric dust over the last 220 kyr from the EPICA ice core (Dome C, Antarctica)
journal, January 2004
- Marino, Federica; Maggi, Valter; Delmonte, Barbara
- Annals of Glaciology, Vol. 39
Trends in the solubility of iron, aluminium, manganese and phosphorus in aerosol collected over the Atlantic Ocean
journal, January 2006
- Baker, A. R.; Jickells, T. D.; Witt, M.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 98, Issue 1
Atmospheric deposition of nutrients to the Atlantic Ocean: ATMOSPHERIC NUTRIENT DEPOSITION
journal, December 2003
- Baker, A. R.; Kelly, S. D.; Biswas, K. F.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 24
Iron and phosphorus co-limit nitrogen fixation in the eastern tropical North Atlantic
journal, May 2004
- Mills, Matthew M.; Ridame, Celine; Davey, Margaret
- Nature, Vol. 429, Issue 6989
Mineralogy and chemistry of harmattan dust in Northern Nigeria
journal, January 1984
- Wilke, B. M.; Duke, B. J.; Jimoh, W. L. O.
- CATENA, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Impact of desert dust on the biogeochemistry of phosphorus in terrestrial ecosystems
journal, April 2004
- Okin, Gregory S.; Mahowald, Natalie; Chadwick, Oliver A.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 18, Issue 2
Saharan dust in the Amazon Basin
journal, April 1992
- Swap, R.; Garstang, M.; Greco, S.
- Tellus B, Vol. 44, Issue 2
Recent progress in understanding physical and chemical properties of African and Asian mineral dust
journal, January 2011
- Formenti, P.; Schütz, L.; Balkanski, Y.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 16
Global dust model intercomparison in AeroCom phase I
journal, January 2011
- Huneeus, N.; Schulz, M.; Balkanski, Y.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 15
Seasonal and interannual variability of the mineral dust cycle under present and glacial climate conditions
journal, January 2002
- Werner, M.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, Issue D24
African dust observed over Canary Islands: Source-regions identification and transport pattern for some summer situations
journal, October 1989
- Bergametti, Gilles; Gomes, Laurent; Coudé-Gaussen, Genevieve
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 94, Issue D12
Metal emissions from Kilauea, and a suggested revision of the estimated worldwide metal output by quiescent degassing of volcanoes
journal, July 1999
- Hinkley, Todd K.; Lamothe, Paul J.; Wilson, Stephen A.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 170, Issue 3
Mass concentration and mineralogical characteristics of aerosol particles collected at Dunhuang during ACE-Asia
journal, April 2006
- Shen, Zhenxing; Cao, Junji; Li, Xuxiang
- Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 23, Issue 2
The air-borne particulate pollution in Beijing—concentration, composition, distribution and sources
journal, November 2004
- Sun, Yele; Zhuang, Guoshun; Wang, Ying
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 38, Issue 35
The nutrient input by Harmattan dust to a forest ecosystem in Côte d'Ivoire, Africa
journal, January 1997
- Stoorvogel, J. J.; Van Breemen, N.; Jassen, B. H.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 37, Issue 2, p. 145-157
Characteristics and sources of 2002 super dust storm in Beijing
journal, April 2004
- Sun, Yele; Zhuang, Guoshun; Yuan, Hui
- Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 49, Issue 7
Magnesium quantification in calcites [(Ca,Mg)CO3] by Rietveld-based XRD analysis: Revisiting a well-established method
journal, June 2011
- Titschack, J.; Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F.; Neubauer, J.
- American Mineralogist, Vol. 96, Issue 7
Response of East Mediterranean surface water to Saharan dust: On-board microcosm experiment and field observations
journal, November 2005
- Herut, Barak; Zohary, Tamar; Krom, M. D.
- Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Vol. 52, Issue 22-23
Sources of PM2.5 impacting on Gran Canaria, Spain
journal, June 2014
- Engelbrecht, Johann P.; Menéndez, Inmaculada; Derbyshire, Edward
- CATENA, Vol. 117
Characteristics of clay minerals in asian dust and their environmental significance
journal, October 2005
- Shen, Zhenxing; Li, Xuxiang; Cao, Junji
- China Particuology, Vol. 3, Issue 5
An explicit flux-form semi-lagrangian shallow-water model on the sphere
journal, October 1997
- Lin, Shian-Jiann; Rood, Richard B.
- Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 123, Issue 544
Mineral Dust Entrainment and Deposition (DEAD) model: Description and 1990s dust climatology
journal, January 2003
- Zender, Charles S.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, Issue D14
Mixing of dust with pollution on the transport path of Asian dust — Revealed from the aerosol over Yulin, the north edge of Loess Plateau
journal, January 2011
- Wang, Qiongzhen; Zhuang, Guoshun; Li, Juan
- Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 409, Issue 3
Characterization of African dust transported to Puerto Rico by individual particle and size segregated bulk analysis
journal, January 2003
- Reid, Elizabeth A.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, Issue D19
Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory
journal, December 2010
- Carpenter, L. J.; Fleming, Z. L.; Read, K. A.
- Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, Vol. 67, Issue 2-3
Source, transport and deposition of atmospheric phosphorus over the Northwestern Mediterranean
journal, April 1992
- Bergametti, G.; Remoudaki, E.; Losno, R.
- Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, Vol. 14, Issue 1-4
Global Iron Connections Between Desert Dust, Ocean Biogeochemistry, and Climate
journal, April 2005
- Jickells, T. D.
- Science, Vol. 308, Issue 5718
Baseline Studies of the Clay Minerals Society Source Clays: Chemical Analyses of Major Elements
journal, January 2001
- Mermut, Ahmet R.
- Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 49, Issue 5
Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within AeroCom
journal, January 2006
- Textor, C.; Schulz, M.; Guibert, S.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 7
IBA methods for characterisation of fine particulate atmospheric pollution: a local, regional and global research problem
journal, June 2004
- Cohen, David D.; Stelcer, Ed; Hawas, Olga
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 219-220
The atmospheric transport of phosphorus to the western North Atlantic
journal, January 1982
- Graham, William F.; Duce, Robert A.
- Atmospheric Environment (1967), Vol. 16, Issue 5
Trends in aerosol nutrient solubility along a west–east transect of the Saharan dust plume
journal, January 2006
- Baker, A. R.; French, M.; Linge, K. L.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 7
Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at Beijing
——The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside Beijing
journal, January 2005
- Han, Lihui
- Science in China Series B, Vol. 48, Issue 3
A new data set of soil mineralogy for dust-cycle modeling
journal, January 2014
- Journet, E.; Balkanski, Y.; Harrison, S. P.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 8
Mineralogy as a critical factor of dust iron solubility: MINERALOGY AND DUST IRON SOLUBILITY
journal, April 2008
- Journet, Emilie; Desboeufs, Karine V.; Caquineau, Sandrine
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, Issue 7
Aerosol iron and aluminum solubility in the northwest Pacific Ocean: Results from the 2002 IOC cruise: AEROSOL FE AND AL SOLUBILITY
journal, April 2006
- Buck, Clifton S.; Landing, William M.; Resing, Joseph A.
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 7, Issue 4
Iron supply and demand in the upper ocean
journal, March 2000
- Fung, Inez Y.; Meyn, Stephanie K.; Tegen, Ina
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Concentration, size-distribution and deposition of mineral aerosol over Chinese desert regions
journal, September 1998
- Zhang, Xiao Y.; Arimoto, R.; Zhu, G. H.
- Tellus B, Vol. 50, Issue 4
Long-range transport of North African dust to the eastern United States
journal, May 1997
- Perry, Kevin D.; Cahill, Thomas A.; Eldred, Robert A.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D10
African dust deposition to Florida: Temporal and spatial variability and comparisons to models
journal, January 2010
- Prospero, Joseph M.; Landing, William M.; Schulz, Michael
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, Issue D13
Advection in plankton models with variable elemental ratios
journal, January 2007
- Christian, James R.
- Ocean Dynamics, Vol. 57, Issue 1
Effects of Asian dust on the atmospheric input of trace elements to the East China Sea
journal, July 2014
- Guo, Lin; Chen, Ying; Wang, Fujiang
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 163
Global distribution of atmospheric phosphorus sources, concentrations and deposition rates, and anthropogenic impacts: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC PHOSPHORUS
journal, December 2008
- Mahowald, Natalie; Jickells, Timothy D.; Baker, Alex R.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 22, Issue 4
Clay Minerals in Mixtures: Sample Preparation, Analysis, and Statistical Interpretation
journal, January 1983
- Gold, C. M.
- Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 31, Issue 3
Trichodesmium, a Globally Significant Marine Cyanobacterium
journal, May 1997
- Capone, D. G.
- Science, Vol. 276, Issue 5316
Chemical characterisation of iron in dust and biomass burning aerosols during AMMA-SOP0/DABEX: implication for iron solubility
journal, January 2010
- Paris, R.; Desboeufs, K. V.; Formenti, P.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 9
Emission inventory of eight elements, Fe, Al, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ca and Ti, in dust source region of East Asia
journal, February 2005
- Xuan, Jie
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, Issue 5
Trace element variation in size-fractionated African desert dusts
journal, June 2008
- Castillo, Sonia; Moreno, Teresa; Querol, Xavier
- Journal of Arid Environments, Vol. 72, Issue 6
Change in atmospheric mineral aerosols in response to climate: Last glacial period, preindustrial, modern, and doubled carbon dioxide climates: DUST RESPONSE TO CLIMATE
journal, May 2006
- Mahowald, Natalie M.; Muhs, Daniel R.; Levis, Samuel
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 111, Issue D10
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change
journal, October 1998
- Seinfeld, John H.; Pandis, Spyros N.; Noone, Kevin
- Physics Today, Vol. 51, Issue 10
A fresh look at element distribution in the North Pacific Ocean
journal, May 1997
- Anonymous,
- Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 78, Issue 21