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Title: Risk-based high-throughput chemical screening and prioritization using exposure models and in vitro bioactivity assays

Journal Article · · Environmental Science and Technology
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [5];  [1]
  1. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
  2. Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark). Quantitative Sustainability Assessment Div.; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences.
  3. ARC Arnot Research and Consulting, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Univ. of Toronto, Ontario (Canada). Dept. of Physical and Environmental Sciences and Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology.
  4. The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
  5. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences.
  6. Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark). Quantitative Sustainability Assessment Div.
  7. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Harvard School of Public Health and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.
  8. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA (United States). Environmental Energy Technologies Div.; Univ. of California, Berkeley (United States). School fo Public Health.
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We present a risk-based high-throughput screening (HTS) method to identify chemicals for potential health concerns or for which additional information is needed. The method is applied to 180 organic chemicals as a case study. We first obtain information on how the chemical is used and identify relevant use scenarios (e.g., dermal application, indoor emissions). For each chemical and use scenario, exposure models are then used to calculate a chemical intake fraction, or a product intake fraction, accounting for chemical properties and the exposed population. We then combine these intake fractions with use scenario-specific estimates of chemical quantity to calculate daily intake rates (iR; mg/kg/day). These intake rates are compared to oral equivalent doses (OED; mg/kg/day), calculated from a suite of ToxCast in vitro bioactivity assays using in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation and reverse dosimetry. Bioactivity quotients (BQs) are calculated as iR/OED to obtain estimates of potential impact associated with each relevant use scenario. Of the 180 chemicals considered, 38 had maximum iRs exceeding minimum OEDs (i.e., BQs > 1). For most of these compounds, exposures are associated with direct intake, food/oral contact, or dermal exposure. The method provides high-throughput estimates of exposure and important input for decision makers to identify chemicals of concern for further evaluation with additional information or more refined models.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
American Chemistry Council
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1214214
Journal Information:
Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 11; ISSN 0013-936X
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 54 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (10)

Measured concentrations of consumer product chemicals in California house dust: Implications for sources, exposure, and toxicity potential journal October 2019
Integrating exposure to chemicals in building materials during use stage journal November 2018
Assessing Toxicokinetic Uncertainty and Variability in Risk Prioritization journal September 2019
Using exposure bands for rapid decision making in the RISK21 tiered exposure assessment text January 2017
Advancements in Life Cycle Human Exposure and Toxicity Characterization journal December 2018
Using exposure bands for rapid decision making in the RISK21 tiered exposure assessment journal November 2016
Challenges of including human exposure to chemicals in food packaging as a new exposure pathway in life cycle impact assessment journal December 2018
Using exposure bands for rapid decision making in the RISK21 tiered exposure assessment text January 2017
Coupled near-field and far-field exposure assessment framework for chemicals in consumer products journal September 2016
Computational Exposure Science: An Emerging Discipline to Support 21st-Century Risk Assessment journal June 2016

Figures / Tables (5)

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Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.