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Title: The reaction mechanism of SnSb and Sb thin film anodes for Na-ion batteries studied by X-ray diffraction, 119Sn and 121Sb Mössbauer spectroscopies

Journal Article · · Journal of Power Sources
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Division
  2. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Center for Laser Applications; Univ. of Tennessee Space Inst. (UTSI), Tullahoma, TN (United States)
  3. Univ. of Montpellier II, Montpellier (France). Institut Charles Gerhardt
  4. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Center for Laser Applications
  5. Univ. of Tennessee Space Inst. (UTSI), Tullahoma, TN (United States)
  6. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)
  7. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
+ Show Author Affiliations

The electrochemical reaction of Sb and SnSb anode materials with Na results in the formation of amorphous materials. To understand the resulting phases and electrochemical capacities we studied the reaction products local order using 119Sn and 121Sb Mössbauer spectroscopies in conjunction with measurements performed on model powder compounds of Na-Sn and Na-Sb to further clarify the reactions steps. For pure Sb the discharge (sodiation) starts with the formation of an amorphous phase composed of atomic environments similar to those found in NaSb, and proceeds further by the formation of environments similar to that present in Na3Sb. The reversible reaction takes place during a large portion of the charge process. At full charge the anode material still contains a substantial fraction of Na, which explains the lack of recrystallization into crystalline Sb. The reaction of SnSb yields Na3Sb crystalline phase at full discharge at higher temperatures (65 and 95°C) while the room temperature reaction yields amorphous compounds. The electrochemically-driven, solid-state amorphization reaction occurring at room temperature is governed by the simultaneous formation of Na-coordinated Sn and Sb environments, as monitored by the decrease (increase) of the 119Sn (121Sb) Mössbauer isomer shifts. Overall, the monitoring of the hyperfine parameters enables to correlate the changes in Na content to the individual Sn and Sb local chemical environments.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1159441
Journal Information:
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 267; ISSN 0378-7753
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 103 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (21)

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Cited By (19)

Antimony-based Intermetallic Alloy Anodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries: Effect of Additives: High-Performance Mo 3 Sb 7 C Anodes for Na-Ion Batteries journal May 2015
Synergistic effect of cross-linked carbon nanosheet frameworks and Sb on the enhancement of sodium storage performances journal January 2017
Alloy-Based Anode Materials toward Advanced Sodium-Ion Batteries journal June 2017
The Electrochemical Sodiation of Sb Investigated by Operando X-ray Absorption and 121Sb Mössbauer Spectroscopy: What Does One Really Learn? journal May 2018
Beyond Insertion for Na-Ion Batteries: Nanostructured Alloying and Conversion Anode Materials journal January 2018
Na-Ion Batteries for Large Scale Applications: A Review on Anode Materials and Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation journal July 2017
Tailored Plum Pudding‐Like Co 2 P/Sn Encapsulated with Carbon Nanobox Shell as Superior Anode Materials for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Capacitors journal February 2019
High-Performance Sb/Sb 2 O 3 Anode Materials Using a Polypyrrole Nanowire Network for Na-Ion Batteries journal March 2015
Porous SnSbNPs@3D-C Anode with Improved Stability for Sodium-Ion Battery journal January 2018
Understanding Fundamentals and Reaction Mechanisms of Electrode Materials for Na-Ion Batteries journal January 2018
Electrodeposition of pure phase SnSb exhibiting high stability as a sodium-ion battery anode journal January 2019
SnSb vs. Sn: improving the performance of Sn-based anodes for K-ion batteries by synergetic alloying with Sb journal January 2019
Peering into Alloy Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Current Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities journal February 2019
Amorphous Tin-Based Composite Oxide: A High-Rate and Ultralong-Life Sodium-Ion-Storage Material journal November 2017
High rate capability and superior cycle stability of a flower-like Sb 2 S 3 anode for high-capacity sodium ion batteries journal January 2015
Molecular polymer-derived ceramics for applications in electrochemical energy storage devices journal September 2018
Ultrafast and Highly Reversible Sodium Storage in Zinc-Antimony Intermetallic Nanomaterials journal December 2015
Synthetic methods and electrochemical applications for transition metal phosphide nanomaterials journal January 2016
Sb-based electrode materials for rechargeable batteries journal January 2018

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
Sodium ion anode
Tin antimony (SnSb)
Antimony (Sb)
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
¹¹⁹Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy
¹²¹Sb Mössbauer spectroscopy