Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar

Shuster, David L.; Cassata, William S.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037

Title: Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic ³⁸Ar and radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar

Abstract

The simultaneous diffusion of both cosmogenic ³⁸Ar and radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar from solid phases is controlled by the thermal conditions of rocks while residing near planetary surfaces. Combined observations of ³⁸Ar/³⁷Ar and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ratios during stepwise degassing analyses of neutron-irradiated Apollo samples can distinguish between diffusive loss of Ar due to solar heating of the rocks and that associated with elevated temperatures during or following impact events; the data provide quantitative constraints on the durations and temperatures of each process. From sequentially degassed ³⁸Ar/³⁷Ar ratios can be calculated a spectrum of apparent ³⁸Ar exposure ages versus the cumulative release fraction of ³⁷Ar, which is particularly sensitive to conditions at the lunar surface typically over ~106–108 year timescales. Due to variable proportions of K- and Ca-bearing glass, plagioclase and pyroxene, with variability in the grain sizes of these phases, each sample will have distinct sensitivity to, and therefore different resolving power on, past near-surface thermal conditions. Furthermore, we present the underlying assumptions, and the analytical and numerical methods used to quantify the Ar diffusion kinetics in multi-phase whole-rock analyses that provide these constraints.

Authors:

Shuster, David L. ^[1]; Cassata, William S. ^[2]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science; Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Div.

Publication Date:: Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1305907

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-696807
Journal ID: ISSN 0016-7037

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 155; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0016-7037

Publisher:: The Geochemical Society; The Meteoritical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 58 GEOSCIENCES; 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; moon; noble gas; cosmogenic ³⁸Ar; ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar; diffusion; Apollo; solar heating

Citation Formats


                    Shuster, David L., and Cassata, William S. Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037.

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                    Shuster, David L., & Cassata, William S. Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037

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                    Shuster, David L., and Cassata, William S. Tue .  
"Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1305907.

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@article{osti_1305907,

  title        = {Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar},

  author       = {Shuster, David L. and Cassata, William S.},

  abstractNote = {The simultaneous diffusion of both cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar from solid phases is controlled by the thermal conditions of rocks while residing near planetary surfaces. Combined observations of 38Ar/37Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ratios during stepwise degassing analyses of neutron-irradiated Apollo samples can distinguish between diffusive loss of Ar due to solar heating of the rocks and that associated with elevated temperatures during or following impact events; the data provide quantitative constraints on the durations and temperatures of each process. From sequentially degassed 38Ar/37Ar ratios can be calculated a spectrum of apparent 38Ar exposure ages versus the cumulative release fraction of 37Ar, which is particularly sensitive to conditions at the lunar surface typically over ~106–108 year timescales. Due to variable proportions of K- and Ca-bearing glass, plagioclase and pyroxene, with variability in the grain sizes of these phases, each sample will have distinct sensitivity to, and therefore different resolving power on, past near-surface thermal conditions. Furthermore, we present the underlying assumptions, and the analytical and numerical methods used to quantify the Ar diffusion kinetics in multi-phase whole-rock analyses that provide these constraints.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037},

  journal      = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 155,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Geochronology of an Apollo 16 Clast Provides Evidence for a Basin‐Forming Impact 4.3 Billion Years Ago
journal, October 2019

Marks, N. E.; Borg, L. E.; Shearer, C. K.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 124, Issue 10
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Impact History and Regolith Evolution on the Moon: Geochemistry and Ages of Glasses from the Apollo 16 Site
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Geochronology of an Apollo 16 Clast Provides Evidence for a Basin‐Forming Impact 4.3 Billion Years Ago
journal, October 2019

Marks, N. E.; Borg, L. E.; Shearer, C. K.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 124, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1029/2019je005966

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Title: Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic 38Ar and radiogenic 40Ar

Abstract

Citation Formats

Diffusion of Noble Gases in Minerals journal, January 2010

Systematic variations of argon diffusion in feldspars and implications for thermochronometry journal, July 2013

Argon diffusion in plagioclase and implications for thermochronometry: A case study from the Bushveld Complex, South Africa journal, November 2009

Argon diffusion in pyroxenes: Implications for thermochronometry and mantle degassing journal, April 2011

Evidence for shock heating and constraints on Martian surface temperatures revealed by 40Ar/39Ar thermochronometry of Martian meteorites journal, December 2010

Argon-40/argon-39 age spectra of Apollo 17 highlands breccia samples by laser step heating and the age of the Serenitatis basin journal, November 1996

Common asteroid break-up events of eucrites, diogenites, and howardites and cosmic-ray production rates for noble gases in achondrites journal, January 1995

In Situ Radiometric and Exposure Age Dating of the Martian Surface journal, December 2013

An Ancient Core Dynamo in Asteroid Vesta journal, October 2012

Early Lunar Magnetism journal, January 2009

Argon diffusion in Apollo 16 impact glass spherules: Implications for 40Ar/39Ar dating of lunar impact events journal, January 2015

Neon diffusion kinetics in olivine, pyroxene and feldspar: Retentivity of cosmogenic and nucleogenic neon journal, June 2012

Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo computation and Bayesian model determination journal, January 1995

Argon retention properties of silicate glasses and implications for 40Ar/39Ar age and noble gas diffusion studies journal, February 2003

Surface temperatures at the nearside of the Moon as a record of the radiation budget of Earth’s climate system journal, January 2008

40 Ar- 39 Ar chronology and cosmic ray exposure ages of the Apollo 15 samples journal, June 1974

39Ar and 37Ar recoil loss during neutron irradiation of sanidine and plagioclase journal, June 2007

Forward and Inverse Modeling of Low-Temperature Thermochronometry Data journal, January 2005

L-chondrite asteroid breakup tied to Ordovician meteorite shower by multiple isochron 40 Ar- 39 Ar dating journal, January 2007

Solar and cosmogenic argon in dated lunar impact spherules journal, March 2007

Diffusion domains determined by 39 Ar released during step heating journal, January 1991

Systematic analysis of K-feldspar step heating results: I. Significance of activation energy determinations journal, August 1997

Mare basalts: Crystal chemistry, mineralogy, and petrology journal, January 1976

Application of deuteron–deuteron (D–D) fusion neutrons to 40Ar/39Ar geochronology journal, January 2005

Response to the comment by W.H. Schwarz et al. on “Joint determination of 40K decay constants and 40Ar∗/40K for the Fish Canyon sanidine standard, and improved accuracy for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology” by P.R. Renne et al. (2010) journal, September 2011

Tibetan tectonics from 40Ar/39Ar analysis of a single K-feldspar sample journal, July 1991

Lunar neutron stratigraphy journal, June 1972

Chemical composition and origin of Apollo 15 impact melts journal, March 1987

A Long-Lived Lunar Core Dynamo journal, January 2012

The influence of artificial radiation damage and thermal annealing on helium diffusion kinetics in apatite journal, January 2009

Quantifying the diffusion kinetics and spatial distributions of radiogenic 4He in minerals containing proton-induced 3He journal, January 2004

A record of impacts preserved in the lunar regolith journal, February 2010

Subcommission on geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmochronology journal, October 1977

Cratering History and Lunar Chronology journal, January 2006

Persistence and origin of the lunar core dynamo journal, May 2013

Magnetic fidelity of lunar samples and implications for an ancient core dynamo journal, July 2012

Decline of the lunar core dynamo journal, October 2014

Cosmogenic noble gas paleothermometry journal, August 2014

40Ar39Ar ages from the lunar maria journal, May 1971

40Ar-39Ar ages and cosmic ray exposure ages of Apollo 14 samples journal, September 1971

ArAr chronology of the Martian meteorite ALH84001: Evidence for the timing of the early bombardment of Mars journal, September 1997

Direct determination of 39Ar recoil distance journal, February 1997

Records of an ancient Martian magnetic field in ALH84001 journal, August 2002

Noble Gases in the Solar System journal, January 2002

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The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return text, January 2019

Geochronology of an Apollo 16 Clast Provides Evidence for a Basin‐Forming Impact 4.3 Billion Years Ago journal, October 2019

Title: Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic ³⁸Ar and radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar

Diffusion of Noble Gases in Minerals
journal, January 2010

Systematic variations of argon diffusion in feldspars and implications for thermochronometry
journal, July 2013

Argon diffusion in plagioclase and implications for thermochronometry: A case study from the Bushveld Complex, South Africa
journal, November 2009

Argon diffusion in pyroxenes: Implications for thermochronometry and mantle degassing
journal, April 2011

Evidence for shock heating and constraints on Martian surface temperatures revealed by 40Ar/39Ar thermochronometry of Martian meteorites
journal, December 2010

Argon-40/argon-39 age spectra of Apollo 17 highlands breccia samples by laser step heating and the age of the Serenitatis basin
journal, November 1996

Common asteroid break-up events of eucrites, diogenites, and howardites and cosmic-ray production rates for noble gases in achondrites
journal, January 1995

In Situ Radiometric and Exposure Age Dating of the Martian Surface
journal, December 2013

An Ancient Core Dynamo in Asteroid Vesta
journal, October 2012

Early Lunar Magnetism
journal, January 2009

Argon diffusion in Apollo 16 impact glass spherules: Implications for 40Ar/39Ar dating of lunar impact events
journal, January 2015

Neon diffusion kinetics in olivine, pyroxene and feldspar: Retentivity of cosmogenic and nucleogenic neon
journal, June 2012

Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo computation and Bayesian model determination
journal, January 1995

Argon retention properties of silicate glasses and implications for 40Ar/39Ar age and noble gas diffusion studies
journal, February 2003

Surface temperatures at the nearside of the Moon as a record of the radiation budget of Earth’s climate system
journal, January 2008

⁴⁰ Ar- ³⁹ Ar chronology and cosmic ray exposure ages of the Apollo 15 samples
journal, June 1974

39Ar and 37Ar recoil loss during neutron irradiation of sanidine and plagioclase
journal, June 2007

Forward and Inverse Modeling of Low-Temperature Thermochronometry Data
journal, January 2005

L-chondrite asteroid breakup tied to Ordovician meteorite shower by multiple isochron ⁴⁰ Ar- ³⁹ Ar dating
journal, January 2007

Solar and cosmogenic argon in dated lunar impact spherules
journal, March 2007

Diffusion domains determined by ³⁹ Ar released during step heating
journal, January 1991

Systematic analysis of K-feldspar step heating results: I. Significance of activation energy determinations
journal, August 1997

Mare basalts: Crystal chemistry, mineralogy, and petrology
journal, January 1976

Application of deuteron–deuteron (D–D) fusion neutrons to 40Ar/39Ar geochronology
journal, January 2005

Response to the comment by W.H. Schwarz et al. on “Joint determination of 40K decay constants and 40Ar∗/40K for the Fish Canyon sanidine standard, and improved accuracy for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology” by P.R. Renne et al. (2010)
journal, September 2011

Tibetan tectonics from 40Ar/39Ar analysis of a single K-feldspar sample
journal, July 1991

Lunar neutron stratigraphy
journal, June 1972

Chemical composition and origin of Apollo 15 impact melts
journal, March 1987

A Long-Lived Lunar Core Dynamo
journal, January 2012

The influence of artificial radiation damage and thermal annealing on helium diffusion kinetics in apatite
journal, January 2009

Quantifying the diffusion kinetics and spatial distributions of radiogenic 4He in minerals containing proton-induced 3He
journal, January 2004

A record of impacts preserved in the lunar regolith
journal, February 2010

Subcommission on geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmochronology
journal, October 1977

Cratering History and Lunar Chronology
journal, January 2006

Persistence and origin of the lunar core dynamo
journal, May 2013

Magnetic fidelity of lunar samples and implications for an ancient core dynamo
journal, July 2012

Decline of the lunar core dynamo
journal, October 2014

Cosmogenic noble gas paleothermometry
journal, August 2014

40Ar39Ar ages from the lunar maria
journal, May 1971

40Ar-39Ar ages and cosmic ray exposure ages of Apollo 14 samples
journal, September 1971

ArAr chronology of the Martian meteorite ALH84001: Evidence for the timing of the early bombardment of Mars
journal, September 1997

Direct determination of 39Ar recoil distance
journal, February 1997

Records of an ancient Martian magnetic field in ALH84001
journal, August 2002

Noble Gases in the Solar System
journal, January 2002

Geochronology of an Apollo 16 Clast Provides Evidence for a Basin‐Forming Impact 4.3 Billion Years Ago
journal, October 2019

Impact History and Regolith Evolution on the Moon: Geochemistry and Ages of Glasses from the Apollo 16 Site
journal, December 2019

The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return: International MSR Objectives and Samples Team (iMOST)
journal, March 2019

A two-billion-year history for the lunar dynamo
journal, August 2017

The end of the lunar dynamo
journal, January 2020

The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return
journal, March 2019

The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return
text, January 2019

Geochronology of an Apollo 16 Clast Provides Evidence for a Basin‐Forming Impact 4.3 Billion Years Ago
journal, October 2019