Quantum Effects on the Capacitance of Graphene-Based Electrodes
Abstract
We recently measured quantum capacitance for electric double layers (EDL) at electrolyte/graphene interfaces. However, the importance of quantum capacitance in realistic carbon electrodes is not clear. Toward understanding that from a theoretical perspective, here we studied the quantum capacitance and total capacitance of graphene electrodes as a function of the number of graphene layers. The quantum capacitance was obtained from electronic density functional theory based on fixed band approximation with an implicit solvation model, while the EDL capacitances were from classical density functional theory. We found that quantum capacitance plays a dominant role in total capacitance of the single-layer graphene both in aqueous and ionic-liquid electrolytes but the contribution decreases as the number of graphene layers increases. Moreover, the total integral capacitance roughly levels off and is dominated by the EDL capacitance beyond about four graphene layers. Finally, because many porous carbons have nanopores with stacked graphene layers at the surface, this research provides a good estimate of the effect of quantum capacitance on their electrochemical performance.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport Center (FIRST)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1265780
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Physical Chemistry. C
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 119; Journal Issue: 39; Journal ID: ISSN 1932-7447
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Zhan, Cheng, Neal, Justin, Wu, Jianzhong, and Jiang, De-en. Quantum Effects on the Capacitance of Graphene-Based Electrodes. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b05930.
Zhan, Cheng, Neal, Justin, Wu, Jianzhong, & Jiang, De-en. Quantum Effects on the Capacitance of Graphene-Based Electrodes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b05930
Zhan, Cheng, Neal, Justin, Wu, Jianzhong, and Jiang, De-en. Tue .
"Quantum Effects on the Capacitance of Graphene-Based Electrodes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b05930. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1265780.
@article{osti_1265780,
title = {Quantum Effects on the Capacitance of Graphene-Based Electrodes},
author = {Zhan, Cheng and Neal, Justin and Wu, Jianzhong and Jiang, De-en},
abstractNote = {We recently measured quantum capacitance for electric double layers (EDL) at electrolyte/graphene interfaces. However, the importance of quantum capacitance in realistic carbon electrodes is not clear. Toward understanding that from a theoretical perspective, here we studied the quantum capacitance and total capacitance of graphene electrodes as a function of the number of graphene layers. The quantum capacitance was obtained from electronic density functional theory based on fixed band approximation with an implicit solvation model, while the EDL capacitances were from classical density functional theory. We found that quantum capacitance plays a dominant role in total capacitance of the single-layer graphene both in aqueous and ionic-liquid electrolytes but the contribution decreases as the number of graphene layers increases. Moreover, the total integral capacitance roughly levels off and is dominated by the EDL capacitance beyond about four graphene layers. Finally, because many porous carbons have nanopores with stacked graphene layers at the surface, this research provides a good estimate of the effect of quantum capacitance on their electrochemical performance.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b05930},
journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry. C},
number = 39,
volume = 119,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 08 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Sep 08 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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