Title: Evaluation of soil manipulation to prepare engineered earthen waste covers for revegetation

Abstract

Seven ripping treatments designed to improve soil physical conditions for revegetation were compared on a test pad simulating an earthen cover for a waste disposal cell. The field test was part of study of methods to convert compacted-soil waste covers into evapotranspiration covers. The test pad consisted of a compacted layer of fine-textured soil simulating a barrier protection layer overlain by a gravelly sand bedding layer and a cobble armor layer. Treatments included combinations of soil-ripping implements (conventional shank [CS], wing-tipped shank [WTS], and parabolic oscillating shank with wings [POS]), ripping depths, and number of passes. Dimensions, dry density, moisture content, and particle size distribution of disturbance zones were determined in two trenches excavated across rip rows. The goal was to create a root-zone dry density between 1.2 and 1.6 Mg m-3 and a seedbed soil texture ranging from clay loam to sandy loam with low rock content. All treatments created V-shaped disturbance zones as measured on trench faces. Disturbance zone size was most influenced by ripping depth. Winged implements created larger disturbance zones. All treatments lifted fines into the bedding layer, moved gravel and cobble down into the fine-textured protection layer, and thereby disrupted the capillary barrier at themore » interface. Changes in dry density within disturbance zones were comparable for the CS and WTS treatments but were highly variable among POS treatments. Water content increased in the bedding layer and decreased in the protection layer after ripping. The POS at 1.2-m depth and two passes created the largest zone with a low dry density (1.24 Mg m-3) and the most favorable seedbed soil texture (gravely silt loam). Furthermore, ripping also created large soil aggregates and voids in the protection layer that may produce preferential flow paths and reduce water storage capacity.« less

Authors:

Waugh, W. Joseph ^[1]; Benson, Craig H. ^[2]; Albright, William H. ^[3]; Smith, Gregory M. ^[4]; Bush, Richard P. ^[5]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Navarro Research and Engineering, Grand Junction, CO (United States)
2. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
3. Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV (United States)
4. Geo-Smith Engineering, Grand Junction, CO (United States)
5. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Grand Junction, CO (United States)

Publication Date:

Wed Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:

Navarro Research and Engineering, Grand Junction, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Legacy Management (LM), Office of Field Operations

OSTI Identifier:

1251205

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1582112

Grant/Contract Number:  

LM0000421; FC01-06EW07053; DE‐FC01‐06EW07053

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Journal of Environmental Quality

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 44; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0047-2425

Publisher:

American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES