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Title: Inward Lithium-Ion Breathing of Hierarchically Porous Silicon Anodes

Abstract

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Silicon has been identified as a highly promising anode for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The key challenge for Si anodes is large volume change during the lithiation/delithiation cycle that results in chemomechanical degradation and subsequent rapid capacity fading. Here we report a novel fabrication method for hierarchically porous Si nanospheres (hp-SiNSs), which consist of a porous shell and a hollow core. On charge/discharge cycling, the hp-SiNSs accommodate the volume change through reversible inward Li breathing with negligible particle-level outward expansion. Our mechanics analysis revealed that such inward expansion is enabled by the much stiffer lithiated layer than the unlithiated porous layer. LIBs assembled with the hp-SiNSs exhibit high capacity, high power and long cycle life, which is superior to the current commercial Si-based anode materials. The low-cost synthesis approach provides a new avenue for the rational design of hierarchically porous structures with unique materials properties.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [6];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [7];  [3];  [3];  [2];  [6];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. General Motors Research and Development Center, Warran, MI (United States)
  2. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  3. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
  4. Tongji University, Shanghai (China)
  5. Tongji University, Shanghai (China)
  6. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  7. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
OSTI Identifier:
1243285
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1378636
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-113149
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723; 48379; KP1704020
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats

Xiao, Qiangfeng, Gu, Meng, Yang, Hui, Li, Bing, Zhang, Cunman, Liu, Yang, Liu, Fang, Dai, Fang, Yang, Li, Liu, Zhongyi, Xiao, Xingcheng, Liu, Gao, Zhao, Peng, Zhang, Sulin, Wang, Chong M., Lu, Yunfeng, and Cai, Mei. Inward Lithium-Ion Breathing of Hierarchically Porous Silicon Anodes. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms9844.
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Xiao, Qiangfeng, Gu, Meng, Yang, Hui, Li, Bing, Zhang, Cunman, Liu, Yang, Liu, Fang, Dai, Fang, Yang, Li, Liu, Zhongyi, Xiao, Xingcheng, Liu, Gao, Zhao, Peng, Zhang, Sulin, Wang, Chong M., Lu, Yunfeng, & Cai, Mei. Inward Lithium-Ion Breathing of Hierarchically Porous Silicon Anodes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9844
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Xiao, Qiangfeng, Gu, Meng, Yang, Hui, Li, Bing, Zhang, Cunman, Liu, Yang, Liu, Fang, Dai, Fang, Yang, Li, Liu, Zhongyi, Xiao, Xingcheng, Liu, Gao, Zhao, Peng, Zhang, Sulin, Wang, Chong M., Lu, Yunfeng, and Cai, Mei. Thu . "Inward Lithium-Ion Breathing of Hierarchically Porous Silicon Anodes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9844. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1243285.
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@article{osti_1243285,
title = {Inward Lithium-Ion Breathing of Hierarchically Porous Silicon Anodes},
author = {Xiao, Qiangfeng and Gu, Meng and Yang, Hui and Li, Bing and Zhang, Cunman and Liu, Yang and Liu, Fang and Dai, Fang and Yang, Li and Liu, Zhongyi and Xiao, Xingcheng and Liu, Gao and Zhao, Peng and Zhang, Sulin and Wang, Chong M. and Lu, Yunfeng and Cai, Mei},
abstractNote = {© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Silicon has been identified as a highly promising anode for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The key challenge for Si anodes is large volume change during the lithiation/delithiation cycle that results in chemomechanical degradation and subsequent rapid capacity fading. Here we report a novel fabrication method for hierarchically porous Si nanospheres (hp-SiNSs), which consist of a porous shell and a hollow core. On charge/discharge cycling, the hp-SiNSs accommodate the volume change through reversible inward Li breathing with negligible particle-level outward expansion. Our mechanics analysis revealed that such inward expansion is enabled by the much stiffer lithiated layer than the unlithiated porous layer. LIBs assembled with the hp-SiNSs exhibit high capacity, high power and long cycle life, which is superior to the current commercial Si-based anode materials. The low-cost synthesis approach provides a new avenue for the rational design of hierarchically porous structures with unique materials properties.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms9844},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Nov 05 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Thu Nov 05 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9844
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    A bottom-up synthetic hierarchical buffer structure of copper silicon nanowire hybrids as ultra-stable and high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes
    journal, January 2018

    • Song, Hucheng; Wang, Sheng; Song, Xiaoying
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 17
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta01694a

    Silicon: toward eco-friendly reduction techniques for lithium-ion battery applications
    journal, January 2019

    • Zhu, Guanjia; Luo, Wei; Wang, Lianjun
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 43
    • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta08554h

    Failure mechanism of Au@Co 9 S 8 yolk-shell anode in Li-ion batteries unveiled by in-situ transmission electron microscopy
    journal, March 2019

    • Han, Shaobo; Zhu, Yuanmin; Cai, Chao
    • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5089660

    The Influence of Surface Stress on the Chemo-Mechanical Behavior of Inverse-Opal-Structured Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
    journal, January 2020

    • Stein, Peter; Wissel, Sebastian; Xu, Bai-Xiang
    • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1149/2.0292001jes

    Understanding the Mechanism of Stress Mitigation in Selenium-Doped Germanium Electrodes
    journal, January 2019

    • Wang, X.; Yenusah, C. O.; Tantratian, K.
    • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1149/2.1091902jes

    Challenges of Fast Charging for Electric Vehicles and the Role of Red Phosphorous as Anode Material: Review
    journal, October 2019

    Mechanical mismatch-driven rippling in carbon-coated silicon sheets for stress-resilient battery anodes
    journal, July 2018

    High-quality mesoporous graphene particles as high-energy and fast-charging anodes for lithium-ion batteries
    journal, April 2019

    Scalable synthesis of ant-nest-like bulk porous silicon for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
    journal, March 2019

    Infinitesimal sulfur fusion yields quasi-metallic bulk silicon for stable and fast energy storage
    journal, May 2019

    Supremely elastic gel polymer electrolyte enables a reliable electrode structure for silicon-based anodes
    journal, December 2019

    Hierarchical porous silicon structures with extraordinary mechanical strength as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
    journal, March 2020

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