The compelling case for indentation as a functional exploratory and characterization tool
Abstract
The utility of indentation testing for characterizing a wide range of mechanical properties of brittle materials is highlighted in light of recent articles questioning its validity, specifically in relation to the measurement of toughness. Contrary to assertion by some critics, indentation fracture theory is fundamentally founded in Griffith–Irwin fracture mechanics, based on model crack systems evolving within inhomogeneous but well‐documented elastic and elastic–plastic contact stress fields. Notwithstanding some numerical uncertainty in associated stress intensity factor relations, the technique remains an unrivalled quick, convenient and economical means for comparative, site‐specific toughness evaluation. Most importantly, indentation patterns are unique fingerprints of mechanical behavior and thereby afford a powerful functional tool for exploring the richness of material diversity. At the same time, it is cautioned that unconditional usage without due attention to the conformation of the indentation patterns can lead to overstated toughness values. Limitations of an alternative, more engineering approach to fracture evaluation, that of propagating a precrack through a “standard” machined specimen, are also outlined. Misconceptions in the critical literature concerning the fundamental nature of crack equilibrium and stability within contact and other inhomogeneous stress fields are discussed.
- Authors:
-
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Teledyne Scientific Co., Thousand Oaks, CA (United States)
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (United States)
- Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
- Cambridge Univ., Cambridge (United Kingdom)
- Univ. de Extremadura, Badajoz (Spain)
- Australian National Univ., Canberra (Australia)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
- Newcastle Univ., Newcastle Upon Tyne (United Kingdom)
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1235351
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1400721
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2015-4302J
Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820; 590426
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000; DE‐FG02‐10ER4677; DE‐FG02‐07ER46397
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7820
- Publisher:
- American Ceramic Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Tandon, Rajan, Marshall, David B., Cook, Robert F., Padture, Nitin P., Oyen, Michelle L., Pajares, Antonia, Bradby, Jodie E., Reimanis, Ivar E., Page, Trevor F., Pharr, George M., and Lawn, Brian R. The compelling case for indentation as a functional exploratory and characterization tool. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1111/jace.13729.
Tandon, Rajan, Marshall, David B., Cook, Robert F., Padture, Nitin P., Oyen, Michelle L., Pajares, Antonia, Bradby, Jodie E., Reimanis, Ivar E., Page, Trevor F., Pharr, George M., & Lawn, Brian R. The compelling case for indentation as a functional exploratory and characterization tool. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13729
Tandon, Rajan, Marshall, David B., Cook, Robert F., Padture, Nitin P., Oyen, Michelle L., Pajares, Antonia, Bradby, Jodie E., Reimanis, Ivar E., Page, Trevor F., Pharr, George M., and Lawn, Brian R. Thu .
"The compelling case for indentation as a functional exploratory and characterization tool". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13729. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1235351.
@article{osti_1235351,
title = {The compelling case for indentation as a functional exploratory and characterization tool},
author = {Tandon, Rajan and Marshall, David B. and Cook, Robert F. and Padture, Nitin P. and Oyen, Michelle L. and Pajares, Antonia and Bradby, Jodie E. and Reimanis, Ivar E. and Page, Trevor F. and Pharr, George M. and Lawn, Brian R.},
abstractNote = {The utility of indentation testing for characterizing a wide range of mechanical properties of brittle materials is highlighted in light of recent articles questioning its validity, specifically in relation to the measurement of toughness. Contrary to assertion by some critics, indentation fracture theory is fundamentally founded in Griffith–Irwin fracture mechanics, based on model crack systems evolving within inhomogeneous but well‐documented elastic and elastic–plastic contact stress fields. Notwithstanding some numerical uncertainty in associated stress intensity factor relations, the technique remains an unrivalled quick, convenient and economical means for comparative, site‐specific toughness evaluation. Most importantly, indentation patterns are unique fingerprints of mechanical behavior and thereby afford a powerful functional tool for exploring the richness of material diversity. At the same time, it is cautioned that unconditional usage without due attention to the conformation of the indentation patterns can lead to overstated toughness values. Limitations of an alternative, more engineering approach to fracture evaluation, that of propagating a precrack through a “standard” machined specimen, are also outlined. Misconceptions in the critical literature concerning the fundamental nature of crack equilibrium and stability within contact and other inhomogeneous stress fields are discussed.},
doi = {10.1111/jace.13729},
journal = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
number = 9,
volume = 98,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jul 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Thu Jul 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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- Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Design and testing of a cryogenic indentation apparatus
journal, January 2019
- Wang, Shunbo; Xu, Hailong; Wang, Yunyi
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 1
Sintering of carbon nanotube-reinforced zirconia-toughened alumina composites prepared by uniaxial pressing and cold isostatic pressing
journal, August 2018
- Reyes-Rojas, A.; Dominguez-Rios, C.; Garcia-Reyes, A.
- Materials Research Express, Vol. 5, Issue 10
Effect of sintering duration on the sliding‐wear resistance of 3Y‐TZP dental ceramics
journal, May 2019
- Alonso, Javier; Rodríguez‐Rojas, Fernando; Borrero‐López, Oscar
- International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, Vol. 16, Issue 5
Durable aluminate toughened zirconate composite thermal barrier coating ( TBC ) materials for high temperature operation
journal, February 2019
- Schmitt, Michael P.; Stokes, Jamesa L.; Rai, Amarendra K.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 102, Issue 8
The impact of densification on indentation fracture toughness measurements
journal, September 2019
- Gross, Timothy M.; Liu, Hongshen; Zhai, Yue
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 7
A critical evaluation of indentation crack lengths in air
journal, December 2019
- Cook, Robert F.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 4
Future of nanoindentation in archaeometry
journal, August 2018
- Faisal, Nadimul Haque; Ahmed, Rehan; Goel, Saurav
- Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 33, Issue 17