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Title: Tribological bench and engine dynamometer tests of a low viscosity SAE 0W-16 engine oil using a combination of ionic liquid and ZDDP as anti-wear additives

Abstract

We have previously reported an oil-miscible phosphonium-organophosphate ionic liquid (IL) with an effective anti-wear (AW) functionality when added to a base oil by itself or combined with a conventional zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) for a synergistic effect. In this research, we investigated whether this synergy manifests in formulated engine oils. An experimental SAE 0W-16 engine oil was generated containing a combination of IL and ZDDP with equal phosphorus contribution. The prototype engine oil was first evaluated using tribological bench tests: AW performance in boundary lubrication (BL) and friction behavior (Stribeck curves) in elastohydrodynamic, mixed, and BL. In addition, the forthcoming standard Sequence VIE engine dynamometer test was then conducted to demonstrate improved fuel economy. Results were benchmarked against those of another experimental engine oil with almost the same formulation except using ZDDP only without the IL (similar total phosphorus content). The IL-ZDDP formulation consistently outperforms the ZDDP-only formulation in friction reduction and wear protection, and results from the bench and engine tests are well correlated.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Shell Projects and Technology, Houston, TX (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
OSTI Identifier:
1222553
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2297-3079
Publisher:
Frontiers Research Foundation
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING

Citation Formats

Barnhill, William C., Gao, Hong, Kheireddin, Bassem, Papke, Brian L., Luo, Huimin, West, Brian H., and Qu, Jun. Tribological bench and engine dynamometer tests of a low viscosity SAE 0W-16 engine oil using a combination of ionic liquid and ZDDP as anti-wear additives. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.3389/fmech.2015.00012.
Barnhill, William C., Gao, Hong, Kheireddin, Bassem, Papke, Brian L., Luo, Huimin, West, Brian H., & Qu, Jun. Tribological bench and engine dynamometer tests of a low viscosity SAE 0W-16 engine oil using a combination of ionic liquid and ZDDP as anti-wear additives. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2015.00012
Barnhill, William C., Gao, Hong, Kheireddin, Bassem, Papke, Brian L., Luo, Huimin, West, Brian H., and Qu, Jun. Tue . "Tribological bench and engine dynamometer tests of a low viscosity SAE 0W-16 engine oil using a combination of ionic liquid and ZDDP as anti-wear additives". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2015.00012. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1222553.
@article{osti_1222553,
title = {Tribological bench and engine dynamometer tests of a low viscosity SAE 0W-16 engine oil using a combination of ionic liquid and ZDDP as anti-wear additives},
author = {Barnhill, William C. and Gao, Hong and Kheireddin, Bassem and Papke, Brian L. and Luo, Huimin and West, Brian H. and Qu, Jun},
abstractNote = {We have previously reported an oil-miscible phosphonium-organophosphate ionic liquid (IL) with an effective anti-wear (AW) functionality when added to a base oil by itself or combined with a conventional zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) for a synergistic effect. In this research, we investigated whether this synergy manifests in formulated engine oils. An experimental SAE 0W-16 engine oil was generated containing a combination of IL and ZDDP with equal phosphorus contribution. The prototype engine oil was first evaluated using tribological bench tests: AW performance in boundary lubrication (BL) and friction behavior (Stribeck curves) in elastohydrodynamic, mixed, and BL. In addition, the forthcoming standard Sequence VIE engine dynamometer test was then conducted to demonstrate improved fuel economy. Results were benchmarked against those of another experimental engine oil with almost the same formulation except using ZDDP only without the IL (similar total phosphorus content). The IL-ZDDP formulation consistently outperforms the ZDDP-only formulation in friction reduction and wear protection, and results from the bench and engine tests are well correlated.},
doi = {10.3389/fmech.2015.00012},
journal = {Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering},
number = 12,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 29 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Sep 29 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

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Oil-miscible and non-corrosive phosphonium-based ionic liquids as candidate lubricant additives
journal, June 2012


Ionic Liquids Composed of Phosphonium Cations and Organophosphate, Carboxylate, and Sulfonate Anions as Lubricant Antiwear Additives
journal, October 2014

  • Zhou, Yan; Dyck, Jeffrey; Graham, Todd W.
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