The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO)

Vogel, J. K.; Armengaud, E.; Avignone, F. T.; Betz, M.; Brax, P.; Brun, P.; Cantatore, G.; Carmona, J. M.; Carosi, G. P.; Caspers, F.; Caspi, S.; Cetin, S. A.; Chelouche, D.; Christensen, F. E.; Dael, A.; Dafni, T.; Davenport, M.; Derbin, A. V.; Desch, K.; Diago, A.; Döbrich, B.; Dratchnev, I.; Dudarev, A.; Eleftheriadis, C.; Fanourakis, G.; Ferrer-Ribas, E.; Galán, J.; García, J. A.; Garza, J. G.; Geralis, T.; Gimeno, B.; Giomataris, I.; Gninenko, S.; Gómez, H.; González-Díaz, D.; Guendelman, E.; Hailey, C. J.; Hiramatsu, T.; Hoffmann, D. H.H.; Horns, D.; Iguaz, F. J.; Irastorza, I. G.; Isern, J.; Imai, K.; Jakobsen, A. C.; Jaeckel, J.; Jakovčić, K.; Kaminski, J.; Kawasaki, M.; Karuza, M.; Krčmar, M.; Kousouris, K.; Krieger, C.; Lakić, B.; Limousin, O.; Lindner, A.; Liolios, A.; Luzón, G.; Matsuki, S.; Muratova, V. N.; Nones, C.; Ortega, I.; Papaevangelou, T.; Pivovaroff, M. J.; Raffelt, G.; Redondo, J.; Ringwald, A.; Russenschuck, S.; Ruz, J.; Saikawa, K.; Savvidis, I.; Sekiguchi, T.; Semertzidis, Y. K.; Shilon, I.; Sikivie, P.; Silva, H.; ten Kate, H.; Tomas, A.; Troitsky, S.; Vafeiadis, T.; van Bibber, K.; Vedrine, P.; Villar, J. A.; Walckiers, L.; Weltman, A.; Wester, W.; Yildiz, S. C.; Zioutas, K.

doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.031

Title: The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO)

Abstract

The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a proposed 4^th-generation axion helioscope with the primary physics research goal to search for solar axions via their Primakoff conversion into photons of 1 – 10 keV energies in a strong magnetic field. IAXO will achieve a sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling g_aγ down to a few ×10⁻¹² GeV⁻¹ for a wide range of axion masses up to ~ 0.25 eV. This is an improvement over the currently best (3^rd generation) axion helioscope, the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST), of about 5 orders of magnitude in signal strength, corresponding to a factor ~ 20 in the axion photon coupling. IAXO’s sensitivity relies on the construction of a large superconducting 8-coil toroidal magnet of 20 m length optimized for axion research. Each of the eight 60 cm diameter magnet bores is equipped with x-ray optics focusing the signal photons into ~ 0.2 cm² spots that are imaged by very low background x-ray detectors. The magnet will be built into a structure with elevation and azimuth drives that will allow solar tracking for 12 hours each day. This contribution is a summary of our papers [1, 2, 3] and we refer to these for further details.

Authors:

Vogel, J. K. ^[1]; Armengaud, E. ^[2]; Avignone, F. T. ^[3]; Betz, M. ^[4]; Brax, P. ^[5]; Brun, P. ^[2]; Cantatore, G. ^[6]; Carmona, J. M. ^[7]; Carosi, G. P. ^[1]; Caspers, F. ^[4]; Caspi, S. ^[8]; Cetin, S. A. ^[9]; Chelouche, D. ^[10]; Christensen, F. E. ^[11]; Dael, A. ^[2]; Dafni, T. ^[7]; Davenport, M. ^[4]; Derbin, A. V. ^[12]; Desch, K. ^[13]; Diago, A. ^[7] more »

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
CEA Irfu, Centre de Saclay, Gif-sur-yvette (France)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneve (Switzerland)
eIPHT, Centre d’E´tudes de Saclay (CEA-Saclay), Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Sezione di Trieste and Univ. di Trieste, Trieste (Italy)
Univ. de Zaragoza, Zaragoza (Spain)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Dogus Univ., Istanbul (Turkey)
Univ. of Haifa, Haifa (Israel)
Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)
St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg (Russia)
Physikalisches Institut der Univ. Bonn, Bonn (Germany)
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
Aristotle Univ., Thessaloniki (Greece)
National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens (Greece)
Univ. de Valencia, Valencia (Spain)
Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow (Russian Federation)
Ben Gurion Univ. Beer Sheva (Israel)
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
Kyoto Univ. (Japan)
Technische Univ. Darmstadt, Darmstadt (Germany)
Univ. Hamburg, Hamburg (Germany)
Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai, Bellaterra (Spain)
Univ. Heidelberg, Heidelberg (Germany)
Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb (Croatia)
Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
Univ. of Rijeka (Croatia)
CEA Irfu, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Kyoto Univ., Kyoto (Japan)
Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich (Germany)
Tokyo Inst. of Technology, Tokyo (Japan)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Univ. de Zaragoza, Zaragoza (Spain)Univ. de Zaragoza, Zaragoza (Spain)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Cape Town (South Africa)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Univ. of Patras, Patras (Greece)

Publication Date:: Tue Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1196904

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics Procedia

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 61; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1875-3892

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; dark matter; axion; strong CP problem; helioscopes; IAXO; ALP; astroparticle physics

Citation Formats


                    Vogel, J. K., Armengaud, E., Avignone, F. T., Betz, M., Brax, P., Brun, P., Cantatore, G., Carmona, J. M., Carosi, G. P., Caspers, F., Caspi, S., Cetin, S. A., Chelouche, D., Christensen, F. E., Dael, A., Dafni, T., Davenport, M., Derbin, A. V., Desch, K., Diago, A., Döbrich, B., Dratchnev, I., Dudarev, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fanourakis, G., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Galán, J., García, J. A., Garza, J. G., Geralis, T., Gimeno, B., Giomataris, I., Gninenko, S., Gómez, H., González-Díaz, D., Guendelman, E., Hailey, C. J., Hiramatsu, T., Hoffmann, D. H.H., Horns, D., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Isern, J., Imai, K., Jakobsen, A. C., Jaeckel, J., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kawasaki, M., Karuza, M., Krčmar, M., Kousouris, K., Krieger, C., Lakić, B., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Liolios, A., Luzón, G., Matsuki, S., Muratova, V. N., Ortega, I., Papaevangelou, T., Pivovaroff, M. J., Raffelt, G., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Russenschuck, S., Ruz, J., Saikawa, K., Savvidis, I., Sekiguchi, T., Semertzidis, Y. K., Shilon, I., Sikivie, P., Silva, H., ten Kate, H., Tomas, A., Troitsky, S., Vafeiadis, T., van Bibber, K., Vedrine, P., Villar, J. A., Walckiers, L., Weltman, A., Wester, W., Yildiz, S. C., and Zioutas, K. The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO).  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.031.

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                    Vogel, J. K., Armengaud, E., Avignone, F. T., Betz, M., Brax, P., Brun, P., Cantatore, G., Carmona, J. M., Carosi, G. P., Caspers, F., Caspi, S., Cetin, S. A., Chelouche, D., Christensen, F. E., Dael, A., Dafni, T., Davenport, M., Derbin, A. V., Desch, K., Diago, A., Döbrich, B., Dratchnev, I., Dudarev, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fanourakis, G., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Galán, J., García, J. A., Garza, J. G., Geralis, T., Gimeno, B., Giomataris, I., Gninenko, S., Gómez, H., González-Díaz, D., Guendelman, E., Hailey, C. J., Hiramatsu, T., Hoffmann, D. H.H., Horns, D., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Isern, J., Imai, K., Jakobsen, A. C., Jaeckel, J., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kawasaki, M., Karuza, M., Krčmar, M., Kousouris, K., Krieger, C., Lakić, B., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Liolios, A., Luzón, G., Matsuki, S., Muratova, V. N., Ortega, I., Papaevangelou, T., Pivovaroff, M. J., Raffelt, G., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Russenschuck, S., Ruz, J., Saikawa, K., Savvidis, I., Sekiguchi, T., Semertzidis, Y. K., Shilon, I., Sikivie, P., Silva, H., ten Kate, H., Tomas, A., Troitsky, S., Vafeiadis, T., van Bibber, K., Vedrine, P., Villar, J. A., Walckiers, L., Weltman, A., Wester, W., Yildiz, S. C., & Zioutas, K. The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.031

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                    Vogel, J. K., Armengaud, E., Avignone, F. T., Betz, M., Brax, P., Brun, P., Cantatore, G., Carmona, J. M., Carosi, G. P., Caspers, F., Caspi, S., Cetin, S. A., Chelouche, D., Christensen, F. E., Dael, A., Dafni, T., Davenport, M., Derbin, A. V., Desch, K., Diago, A., Döbrich, B., Dratchnev, I., Dudarev, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fanourakis, G., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Galán, J., García, J. A., Garza, J. G., Geralis, T., Gimeno, B., Giomataris, I., Gninenko, S., Gómez, H., González-Díaz, D., Guendelman, E., Hailey, C. J., Hiramatsu, T., Hoffmann, D. H.H., Horns, D., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Isern, J., Imai, K., Jakobsen, A. C., Jaeckel, J., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kawasaki, M., Karuza, M., Krčmar, M., Kousouris, K., Krieger, C., Lakić, B., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Liolios, A., Luzón, G., Matsuki, S., Muratova, V. N., Ortega, I., Papaevangelou, T., Pivovaroff, M. J., Raffelt, G., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Russenschuck, S., Ruz, J., Saikawa, K., Savvidis, I., Sekiguchi, T., Semertzidis, Y. K., Shilon, I., Sikivie, P., Silva, H., ten Kate, H., Tomas, A., Troitsky, S., Vafeiadis, T., van Bibber, K., Vedrine, P., Villar, J. A., Walckiers, L., Weltman, A., Wester, W., Yildiz, S. C., and Zioutas, K. Tue .  
"The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.031.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1196904.

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@article{osti_1196904,

  title        = {The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO)},

  author       = {Vogel, J. K. and Armengaud, E. and Avignone, F. T. and Betz, M. and Brax, P. and Brun, P. and Cantatore, G. and Carmona, J. M. and Carosi, G. P. and Caspers, F. and Caspi, S. and Cetin, S. A. and Chelouche, D. and Christensen, F. E. and Dael, A. and Dafni, T. and Davenport, M. and Derbin, A. V. and Desch, K. and Diago, A. and Döbrich, B. and Dratchnev, I. and Dudarev, A. and Eleftheriadis, C. and Fanourakis, G. and Ferrer-Ribas, E. and Galán, J. and García, J. A. and Garza, J. G. and Geralis, T. and Gimeno, B. and Giomataris, I. and Gninenko, S. and Gómez, H. and González-Díaz, D. and Guendelman, E. and Hailey, C. J. and Hiramatsu, T. and Hoffmann, D. H.H. and Horns, D. and Iguaz, F. J. and Irastorza, I. G. and Isern, J. and Imai, K. and Jakobsen, A. C. and Jaeckel, J. and Jakovčić, K. and Kaminski, J. and Kawasaki, M. and Karuza, M. and Krčmar, M. and Kousouris, K. and Krieger, C. and Lakić, B. and Limousin, O. and Lindner, A. and Liolios, A. and Luzón, G. and Matsuki, S. and Muratova, V. N. and Nones, C. and Ortega, I. and Papaevangelou, T. and Pivovaroff, M. J. and Raffelt, G. and Redondo, J. and Ringwald, A. and Russenschuck, S. and Ruz, J. and Saikawa, K. and Savvidis, I. and Sekiguchi, T. and Semertzidis, Y. K. and Shilon, I. and Sikivie, P. and Silva, H. and ten Kate, H. and Tomas, A. and Troitsky, S. and Vafeiadis, T. and van Bibber, K. and Vedrine, P. and Villar, J. A. and Walckiers, L. and Weltman, A. and Wester, W. and Yildiz, S. C. and Zioutas, K.},

  abstractNote = {The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a proposed 4th-generation axion helioscope with the primary physics research goal to search for solar axions via their Primakoff conversion into photons of 1 – 10 keV energies in a strong magnetic field. IAXO will achieve a sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling gaγ down to a few ×10⁻¹² GeV⁻¹ for a wide range of axion masses up to ~ 0.25 eV. This is an improvement over the currently best (3rd generation) axion helioscope, the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST), of about 5 orders of magnitude in signal strength, corresponding to a factor ~ 20 in the axion photon coupling. IAXO’s sensitivity relies on the construction of a large superconducting 8-coil toroidal magnet of 20 m length optimized for axion research. Each of the eight 60 cm diameter magnet bores is equipped with x-ray optics focusing the signal photons into ~ 0.2 cm² spots that are imaged by very low background x-ray detectors. The magnet will be built into a structure with elevation and azimuth drives that will allow solar tracking for 12 hours each day. This contribution is a summary of our papers [1, 2, 3] and we refer to these for further details.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.031},

  journal      = {Physics Procedia},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 61,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015},

  month        = {Tue Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015}

}

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Relevance of axion-like particles for very-high-energy astrophysics
text, January 2011

De Angelis, Alessandro; Galanti, Giorgio; Roncadelli, Marco
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1106.1132

Works referencing / citing this record:

Axion-Plasmon Polaritons in Strongly Magnetized Plasmas
journal, May 2018

Terças, H.; Rodrigues, J. D.; Mendonça, J. T.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.181803

Searching for the possible signal of the photon-axionlike particle oscillation in the combined GeV and TeV spectra of supernova remnants
journal, December 2019

Xia, Zi-Qing; Liang, Yun-Feng; Feng, Lei
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.123004

Axion miniclusters in modified cosmological histories
journal, January 2020

Visinelli, Luca; Redondo, Javier
Physical Review D, Vol. 101, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.023008

Axion Miniclusters in Modified Cosmological Histories
text, January 2018

Visinelli, Luca; Redondo, Javier
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1808.01879

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Title: The next generation of axion helioscopes: The international axion observatory (IAXO)

Abstract

Citation Formats

Detection rates for ‘‘invisible’’-axion searches journal, December 1985

Solar chameleons journal, August 2010

Direct search for solar axions by using strong magnetic field and X-ray detectors journal, August 1998

The Born rule fails in cosmology journal, July 2009

Axion constraints from white dwarf cooling times journal, January 1986

The x-ray telescope of CAST journal, June 2007

Production of dark matter axions from collapse of string-wall systems journal, May 2012

The Superconducting Toroid for the New International AXion Observatory (IAXO) journal, June 2014

Experimental Tests of the "Invisible" Axion journal, October 1983

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models journal, June 2011

WISPy cold dark matter journal, June 2012

A decommissioned LHC model magnet as an axion telescope journal, April 1999

Towards a new generation axion helioscope journal, June 2011

Problem of Strong P and T Invariance in the Presence of Instantons journal, January 1978

Light shining through walls journal, May 2011

Phantom cosmology as a scattering process journal, June 2007

THE NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPIC TELESCOPE ARRAY ( NuSTAR ) HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY MISSION journal, May 2013

Rare event searches based on Micromegas detectors: the T-REX project journal, July 2012

Search for solar axions with mass around 1 eV using coherent conversion of axions into photons journal, October 2008

String axiverse journal, June 2010

Super-GZK photons from photon–axion mixing journal, May 2003

Indications for a pair-production anomaly from the propagation of VHE gamma-rays journal, February 2012

A faraway quasar in the direction of the highest energy Auger event journal, August 2010

Design for a practical laboratory detector for solar axions journal, April 1989

Search for sub-electronvolt solar axions using coherent conversion of axions into photons in magnetic field and gas helium journal, May 2002

Evidence for a New Light Boson from Cosmological Gamma-Ray Propagation? conference, January 2008

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology journal, October 2012

Relevance of axionlike particles for very-high-energy astrophysics journal, November 2011

The strong CP problem revisited journal, January 1988

Axions and the white dwarf luminosity function journal, June 2009

The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR): optics overview and current status conference, July 2010

Axions and the Cooling of White Dwarf Stars journal, July 2008

Search for solar axions journal, October 1992

CP Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles journal, June 1977

A New Light Boson? journal, January 1978

Status of R&D on Micromegas for Rare Event Searches : The T-REX project journal, January 2012

Photon propagation and the very high energy γ-ray spectra of blazars: how transparent is the Universe? journal, March 2009

Super-GZK photons from photon–axion mixing journal, May 2003

Rare event searches based on Micromegas detectors: the T-REX project journal, July 2012

Photo-Production of Neutral Mesons in Nuclear Electric Fields and the Mean Life of the Neutral Meson journal, March 1951

Milky Way as a kiloparsec-scale axionscope journal, March 2008

Photon propagation and the VHE gamma-ray spectra of blazars: how transparent is really the Universe? text, January 2008

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models text, January 2011

Relevance of axion-like particles for very-high-energy astrophysics text, January 2011

Axion-Plasmon Polaritons in Strongly Magnetized Plasmas journal, May 2018

Searching for the possible signal of the photon-axionlike particle oscillation in the combined GeV and TeV spectra of supernova remnants journal, December 2019

Axion miniclusters in modified cosmological histories journal, January 2020

Axion Miniclusters in Modified Cosmological Histories text, January 2018

Detection rates for ‘‘invisible’’-axion searches
journal, December 1985

Solar chameleons
journal, August 2010

Direct search for solar axions by using strong magnetic field and X-ray detectors
journal, August 1998

The Born rule fails in cosmology
journal, July 2009

Axion constraints from white dwarf cooling times
journal, January 1986

The x-ray telescope of CAST
journal, June 2007

Production of dark matter axions from collapse of string-wall systems
journal, May 2012

The Superconducting Toroid for the New International AXion Observatory (IAXO)
journal, June 2014

Experimental Tests of the "Invisible" Axion
journal, October 1983

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models
journal, June 2011

WISPy cold dark matter
journal, June 2012

A decommissioned LHC model magnet as an axion telescope
journal, April 1999

Towards a new generation axion helioscope
journal, June 2011

Problem of Strong $P$ and $T$ Invariance in the Presence of Instantons
journal, January 1978

Light shining through walls
journal, May 2011

Phantom cosmology as a scattering process
journal, June 2007

THE NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPIC TELESCOPE ARRAY ( NuSTAR ) HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY MISSION
journal, May 2013

Rare event searches based on Micromegas detectors: the T-REX project
journal, July 2012

Search for solar axions with mass around 1 eV using coherent conversion of axions into photons
journal, October 2008

String axiverse
journal, June 2010

Super-GZK photons from photon–axion mixing
journal, May 2003

Indications for a pair-production anomaly from the propagation of VHE gamma-rays
journal, February 2012

A faraway quasar in the direction of the highest energy Auger event
journal, August 2010

Design for a practical laboratory detector for solar axions
journal, April 1989

Search for sub-electronvolt solar axions using coherent conversion of axions into photons in magnetic field and gas helium
journal, May 2002

Evidence for a New Light Boson from Cosmological Gamma-Ray Propagation?
conference, January 2008

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology
journal, October 2012

Relevance of axionlike particles for very-high-energy astrophysics
journal, November 2011

The strong CP problem revisited
journal, January 1988

Axions and the white dwarf luminosity function
journal, June 2009

The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR): optics overview and current status
conference, July 2010

Axions and the Cooling of White Dwarf Stars
journal, July 2008

Search for solar axions
journal, October 1992

$CP$ Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles
journal, June 1977

A New Light Boson?
journal, January 1978

Status of R&D on Micromegas for Rare Event Searches : The T-REX project
journal, January 2012

Photon propagation and the very high energy γ-ray spectra of blazars: how transparent is the Universe?
journal, March 2009

Super-GZK photons from photon–axion mixing
journal, May 2003

Rare event searches based on Micromegas detectors: the T-REX project
journal, July 2012

Photo-Production of Neutral Mesons in Nuclear Electric Fields and the Mean Life of the Neutral Meson
journal, March 1951

Milky Way as a kiloparsec-scale axionscope
journal, March 2008

Photon propagation and the VHE gamma-ray spectra of blazars: how transparent is really the Universe?
text, January 2008

Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models
text, January 2011

Relevance of axion-like particles for very-high-energy astrophysics
text, January 2011

Axion-Plasmon Polaritons in Strongly Magnetized Plasmas
journal, May 2018

Searching for the possible signal of the photon-axionlike particle oscillation in the combined GeV and TeV spectra of supernova remnants
journal, December 2019

Axion miniclusters in modified cosmological histories
journal, January 2020

Axion Miniclusters in Modified Cosmological Histories
text, January 2018