Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass
Abstract
Wood chips, torrefied wood chips, ground switchgrass, and wood pellets were tested for off-gas emissions during storage. Storage canisters with gas-collection ports were used to conduct experiments at room temperature of 20 °C and in a laboratory oven set at 40 °C. Commercially-produced wood pellets yielded the highest carbon monoxide (CO) emissions at both 20 and 40°C (1600 and 13,000 ppmv), whereas torrefied wood chips emitted the lowest of about <200 and <2000 ppmv. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from wood pellets were 3000 ppmv and 42,000 ppmv, whereas torrefied wood chips registered at about 2000 and 25,000 ppmv, at 20 and 40 °C at the end of 11 days of storage. CO emission factors (milligrams per kilogram of biomass) calculated were lowest for ground switchgrass and torrefied wood chips (2.68 and 4.86 mg/kg) whereas wood pellets had the highest CO of about 10.60 mg/kg, respectively, at 40 °C after 11 days of storage. In the case of CO2, wood pellets recorded the lowest value of 55.46 mg/kg, whereas switchgrass recorded the highest value of 318.72 mg/kg. Finally, this study concludes that CO emission factor is highest for wood pellets, CO2 is highest for switchgrass and CH4 is negligible for allmore »
- Authors:
-
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
- Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai (China)
- Delta Research Corporation, BC (Canada)
- Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1191993
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1328298
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; AC07-05ID14517
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Energies
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1073
- Publisher:
- MDPI AG
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; STORAGE OFF-GAS; WOOD CHIPS; TORREFIED WOOD CHIPS; WOOD PELLETS; SWITCHGRASS; EMISSION FACTOR; 09 BIOMASS FUELS; storage off-gas; wood chips; torrefied wood chips; wood pellets; switchgrass; emission factor
Citation Formats
Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Lim, C. Jim, Bi, Xiaotao T., Kuang, Xingya, Melin, Staffan, Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh, and Sokhansanj, Shahab. Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.3390/en8031745.
Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Lim, C. Jim, Bi, Xiaotao T., Kuang, Xingya, Melin, Staffan, Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh, & Sokhansanj, Shahab. Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8031745
Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Lim, C. Jim, Bi, Xiaotao T., Kuang, Xingya, Melin, Staffan, Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh, and Sokhansanj, Shahab. Mon .
"Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8031745. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1191993.
@article{osti_1191993,
title = {Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass},
author = {Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar and Lim, C. Jim and Bi, Xiaotao T. and Kuang, Xingya and Melin, Staffan and Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh and Sokhansanj, Shahab},
abstractNote = {Wood chips, torrefied wood chips, ground switchgrass, and wood pellets were tested for off-gas emissions during storage. Storage canisters with gas-collection ports were used to conduct experiments at room temperature of 20 °C and in a laboratory oven set at 40 °C. Commercially-produced wood pellets yielded the highest carbon monoxide (CO) emissions at both 20 and 40°C (1600 and 13,000 ppmv), whereas torrefied wood chips emitted the lowest of about <200 and <2000 ppmv. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from wood pellets were 3000 ppmv and 42,000 ppmv, whereas torrefied wood chips registered at about 2000 and 25,000 ppmv, at 20 and 40 °C at the end of 11 days of storage. CO emission factors (milligrams per kilogram of biomass) calculated were lowest for ground switchgrass and torrefied wood chips (2.68 and 4.86 mg/kg) whereas wood pellets had the highest CO of about 10.60 mg/kg, respectively, at 40 °C after 11 days of storage. In the case of CO2, wood pellets recorded the lowest value of 55.46 mg/kg, whereas switchgrass recorded the highest value of 318.72 mg/kg. Finally, this study concludes that CO emission factor is highest for wood pellets, CO2 is highest for switchgrass and CH4 is negligible for all feedstocks except for wood pellets, which is about 0.374 mg/kg at the end of 11-day storage at 40 °C.},
doi = {10.3390/en8031745},
journal = {Energies},
number = 3,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Mon Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Carbon Monoxide Off-Gassing From Bags of Wood Pellets
journal, December 2017
- Rahman, Mohammad Arifur; Rossner, Alan; Hopke, Philip K.
- Annals of Work Exposures and Health, Vol. 62, Issue 2
Pelleting of Pine and Switchgrass Blends: Effect of Process Variables and Blend Ratio on the Pellet Quality and Energy Consumption
journal, March 2019
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Influence Factors on Carbon Monoxide Accumulation in Biomass Pellet Storage
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An LCA-based evaluation of biomass to transportation fuel production and utilization pathways in a large port’s context
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