DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: In situ strain and temperature measurement and modelling during arc welding

Abstract

In this study, experiments and numerical models were applied to investigate the thermal and mechanical behaviours of materials adjacent to the weld pool during arc welding. In the experiment, a new high temperature strain measurement technique based on digital image correlation (DIC) was developed and applied to measure the in situ strain evolution. In contrast to the conventional DIC method that is vulnerable to the high temperature and intense arc light involved in fusion welding processes, the new technique utilised a special surface preparation method to produce high temperature sustaining speckle patterns required by the DIC algorithm as well as a unique optical illumination and filtering system to suppress the influence of the intense arc light. These efforts made it possible for the first time to measure in situ the strain field 1 mm away from the fusion line. The temperature evolution in the weld and the adjacent regions was simultaneously monitored by an infrared camera. Finally and additionally, a thermal–mechanical finite element model was applied to substantiate the experimental measurement.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)
OSTI Identifier:
1185830
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 20; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1362-1718
Publisher:
Taylor & Francis
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; in situ strain; temperature; arc welding; digital image correlation; FEM

Citation Formats

Chen, Jian, Yu, Xinghua, Miller, Roger G., and Feng, Zhili. In situ strain and temperature measurement and modelling during arc welding. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1179/1362171814Y.0000000270.
Chen, Jian, Yu, Xinghua, Miller, Roger G., & Feng, Zhili. In situ strain and temperature measurement and modelling during arc welding. United States. https://doi.org/10.1179/1362171814Y.0000000270
Chen, Jian, Yu, Xinghua, Miller, Roger G., and Feng, Zhili. Fri . "In situ strain and temperature measurement and modelling during arc welding". United States. https://doi.org/10.1179/1362171814Y.0000000270. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1185830.
@article{osti_1185830,
title = {In situ strain and temperature measurement and modelling during arc welding},
author = {Chen, Jian and Yu, Xinghua and Miller, Roger G. and Feng, Zhili},
abstractNote = {In this study, experiments and numerical models were applied to investigate the thermal and mechanical behaviours of materials adjacent to the weld pool during arc welding. In the experiment, a new high temperature strain measurement technique based on digital image correlation (DIC) was developed and applied to measure the in situ strain evolution. In contrast to the conventional DIC method that is vulnerable to the high temperature and intense arc light involved in fusion welding processes, the new technique utilised a special surface preparation method to produce high temperature sustaining speckle patterns required by the DIC algorithm as well as a unique optical illumination and filtering system to suppress the influence of the intense arc light. These efforts made it possible for the first time to measure in situ the strain field 1 mm away from the fusion line. The temperature evolution in the weld and the adjacent regions was simultaneously monitored by an infrared camera. Finally and additionally, a thermal–mechanical finite element model was applied to substantiate the experimental measurement.},
doi = {10.1179/1362171814Y.0000000270},
journal = {Science and Technology of Welding and Joining},
number = 3,
volume = 20,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 26 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Fri Dec 26 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 24 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

A numerical, thermo-mechanical model for the welding and subsequent loading of a fabricated structure
journal, September 1973


Current Issues and Problems in Welding Science
journal, July 1992


Neutron diffraction measurements of residual stresses in friction stir welding: a review
journal, January 2011


Accuracy improvement of X-ray residual stress measurement in welds of Ni based alloy by two-dimensional detector with multiaxial rocking
journal, April 2011


Evaluation of through thickness residual stress in multipass butt welded joint by using inherent strain
journal, September 2006


Holographic measurement of thermal distortion during laser spot welding
journal, March 2012


High-temperature thin-film strain gauges
journal, June 1993


Sensitivity analysis of history dependent material mechanical models for numerical simulation of welding process
journal, July 2008

  • Zhang, Z. -L.; Silvanus, J.; Li, H. -K.
  • Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 13, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1179/174329308X341843

Moire´ Interferometry Analysis of Laser Weld Induced Thermal Strain
journal, September 1994

  • Kowalski, V. T.; Voloshin, A. S.
  • Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 116, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1115/1.2905683

Simulation of transient force and strain during thermal mechanical testing relevant to the HAZ in multi-pass welds
journal, August 2013


The Effect of Residual Stresses on the Strain Evolution during Welding of Thin-Walled Tubes
journal, March 2011


Heat Flow in Weldments
book, January 1980


Neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress and plastic deformation in an aluminium alloy weld
journal, October 1988

  • Smith, D. J.; Leggatt, R. H.; Webster, G. A.
  • The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, Vol. 23, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1243/03093247V234201

Residual Stress Determination Using Hole Drilling and 3D Image Correlation
journal, February 2006


In situ neutron diffraction measurements of temperature and stresses during friction stir welding of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy
journal, May 2007

  • Woo, W.; Feng, Z.; Wang, X. -L.
  • Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 12, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1179/174329307X197548

Studies on in - situ full-field measurement for in-plane welding deformation using digital camera
journal, August 2012


Finite element analysis of a single bead-on-plate specimen using SYSWELD
journal, January 2009

  • Bate, S. K.; Charles, R.; Warren, A.
  • International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol. 86, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2008.11.006

Monitoring the fatigue-induced damage evolution in ultrafine-grained interstitial-free steel utilizing digital image correlation
journal, August 2009


Residual welding stresses in laser beam and tungsten inert gas weldments of titanium alloy
journal, December 2005

  • Zhang, J. X.; Xue, Y.; Gong, S. L.
  • Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 10, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1179/174329305X48374

Effect of thermal cycle on microstructure and mechanical properties of CLAM steel weld CGHAZ
journal, May 2013


Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Temperatures and Stresses in a Single-Pass Butt-Welded Pipe
journal, February 1990

  • Karlsson, R. I.; Josefson, B. L.
  • Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 112, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1115/1.2928591

A perspective on residual stresses in welding
journal, April 2011


Application of ESPI System to Welding [ESPIシステムの溶接への適用]
journal, January 2006

  • Meguro, Susumu; Muramatsu, Yoshiki
  • QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY, Vol. 24, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.2207/qjjws.24.247

Thermomechanical Analysis of the Welding Process Using the Finite Element Method
journal, August 1975

  • Friedman, E.
  • Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 97, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1115/1.3454296

High-temperature digital image correlation method for full-field deformation measurement at 1200 °C
journal, November 2010


A new finite element model for welding heat sources
journal, June 1984

  • Goldak, John; Chakravarti, Aditya; Bibby, Malcolm
  • Metallurgical Transactions B, Vol. 15, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF02667333

Finite element modeling of welding processes
journal, February 2011

  • Anca, Andrés; Cardona, Alberto; Risso, José
  • Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol. 35, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2010.07.026

Works referencing / citing this record:

Development of a novel optical measurement technique to investigate the hot cracking susceptibility during laser beam welding
journal, November 2018


Investigation of solidification cracking susceptibility during laser beam welding using an in-situ observation technique
journal, August 2017

  • Bakir, Nasim; Gumenyuk, Andrey; Rethmeier, Michael
  • Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 23, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2017.1367550

In situ observations and measurements during solidification of CuNi weld pools
journal, May 2016