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Title: Windows on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

Abstract

An accurate determination of the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarisation (HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is critical to understanding the size and significance of any discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and experimental results being obtained by the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab. The Standard Model prediction is currently based on a data-driven approach to the HVP using experimental results for $$\sigma(e^+e^-\rightarrow\,\mathrm{hadrons})$$. Lattice QCD aims to provide a result with similar uncertainty from calculated vector-vector correlation functions, but the growth of statistical and systematic errors in the $u/d$ quark correlation functions at large Euclidean time has made this difficult to achieve. We show that restricting the lattice contributions to a one-sided window 01 can greatly improve lattice results while still capturing a large fraction of the total HVP. We illustrate this by comparing windowed lattice results based on the 2019 Fermilab Lattice/HPQCD/MILC HVP analysis with corresponding results obtained from the KNT19 analysis of Re+e- data. For t1=1.5 fm, 70% of the total HVP is contained within the window and our lattice result has an error of 0.7%, only about twice as big as the error from the e+e- analysis. We see a tension of 2.7$$\sigma$$ between the two results. With increased statistics in the lattice data the one-sided windows will allow stringent tests of lattice and Re+e- results that include a large fraction of the total HVP contribution.

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Contributing Org.:
Fermilab Lattice Collaboration; MILC Collaboration; HPQCD Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1894423
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1879529; OSTI ID: 2223080
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-22-450-T; arXiv:2207.04765
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010; PRVDAQ; 074509
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0015655; SC0010120; SC0010005; AC02-07CH11359; TG-MCA93S002; DGE 2040434; 21-S-05
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review D
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 106 Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
Publisher:
American Physical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; magnetic moment; quantum chromodynamics; muons; lattice QCD

Citation Formats

Davies, C. T. H., DeTar, C., El-Khadra, A. X., Gottlieb, Steven, Hatton, D., Kronfeld, A. S., Lahert, S., Lepage, G. P., McNeile, C., Neil, E. T., Peterson, C. T., Ray, G. S., Van de Water, R. S., Vaquero, A., and Fermilab Lattice, HPQCD, and MILC Collaborations. Windows on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.106.074509.
Davies, C. T. H., DeTar, C., El-Khadra, A. X., Gottlieb, Steven, Hatton, D., Kronfeld, A. S., Lahert, S., Lepage, G. P., McNeile, C., Neil, E. T., Peterson, C. T., Ray, G. S., Van de Water, R. S., Vaquero, A., & Fermilab Lattice, HPQCD, and MILC Collaborations. Windows on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.074509
Davies, C. T. H., DeTar, C., El-Khadra, A. X., Gottlieb, Steven, Hatton, D., Kronfeld, A. S., Lahert, S., Lepage, G. P., McNeile, C., Neil, E. T., Peterson, C. T., Ray, G. S., Van de Water, R. S., Vaquero, A., and Fermilab Lattice, HPQCD, and MILC Collaborations. Mon . "Windows on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.074509.
@article{osti_1894423,
title = {Windows on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment},
author = {Davies, C. T. H. and DeTar, C. and El-Khadra, A. X. and Gottlieb, Steven and Hatton, D. and Kronfeld, A. S. and Lahert, S. and Lepage, G. P. and McNeile, C. and Neil, E. T. and Peterson, C. T. and Ray, G. S. and Van de Water, R. S. and Vaquero, A. and Fermilab Lattice, HPQCD, and MILC Collaborations},
abstractNote = {An accurate determination of the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarisation (HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is critical to understanding the size and significance of any discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and experimental results being obtained by the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab. The Standard Model prediction is currently based on a data-driven approach to the HVP using experimental results for $\sigma(e^+e^-\rightarrow\,\mathrm{hadrons})$. Lattice QCD aims to provide a result with similar uncertainty from calculated vector-vector correlation functions, but the growth of statistical and systematic errors in the $u/d$ quark correlation functions at large Euclidean time has made this difficult to achieve. We show that restricting the lattice contributions to a one-sided window 01 can greatly improve lattice results while still capturing a large fraction of the total HVP. We illustrate this by comparing windowed lattice results based on the 2019 Fermilab Lattice/HPQCD/MILC HVP analysis with corresponding results obtained from the KNT19 analysis of Re+e- data. For t1=1.5 fm, 70% of the total HVP is contained within the window and our lattice result has an error of 0.7%, only about twice as big as the error from the e+e- analysis. We see a tension of 2.7$\sigma$ between the two results. With increased statistics in the lattice data the one-sided windows will allow stringent tests of lattice and Re+e- results that include a large fraction of the total HVP contribution.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.106.074509},
journal = {Physical Review D},
number = 7,
volume = 106,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}

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  • Chakraborty, Bipasha; Davies, C. T. H.; Donald, G. C.
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.114501

Measurement of the e + e − → π 0 γ cross section in the energy range 1.075–2 GeV at SND
journal, December 2018

  • Achasov, M. N.; Barnyakov, A. Yu.; Beloborodov, K. I.
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.98.112001

Light quark vacuum polarization at the physical point and contribution to the muon g 2
journal, January 2020


Update of the e + e − → π+π− cross section measured by the spherical neutral detector in the energy region 400 < √s < 1000 MeV
journal, September 2006

  • Achasov, M. N.; Beloborodov, K. I.; Berdyugin, A. V.
  • Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Vol. 103, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1134/S106377610609007X

High-precision scale setting in lattice QCD
journal, September 2012

  • Borsányi, Szabolcs; Dürr, Stephan; Fodor, Zoltán
  • Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1007/JHEP09(2012)010

Data-driven evaluations of Euclidean windows to scrutinize hadronic vacuum polarization
journal, October 2022


Study of e + e p p ¯ via initial-state radiation at BABAR
journal, May 2013


Evaluation of fermion loops applied to the calculation of the mass and the nucleon scalar and electromagnetic form factors
journal, June 2012

  • Alexandrou, C.; Hadjiyiannakou, K.; Koutsou, G.
  • Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 183, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.cpc.2012.01.023

Measurement of the pion form factor in the range 1.04–1.38 GeV with the CMD-2 detector
journal, December 2005

  • Aul’chenko, V. M.; Akhmetshin, R. R.; Banzarov, V. Sh.
  • Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1134/1.2175241

Measurement of the e + e K + K cross section in the energy range s = 1.05 2.0    GeV
journal, December 2016


Highly improved staggered quarks on the lattice with applications to charm physics
journal, March 2007


Erratum: Refinements in electroweak contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment [Phys. Rev. D 67 , 073006 (2003)]
journal, June 2006

  • Czarnecki, Andrzej; Marciano, William J.; Vainshtein, Arkady
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 73, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.119901

$${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$, a new breaking of the HLS model and its phenomenology
journal, February 2020


Theory of the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Electron
journal, February 2019

  • Aoyama, Tatsumi; Kinoshita, Toichiro; Nio, Makiko
  • Atoms, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3390/atoms7010028

Update: A reanalysis of hadronic cross section measurements at CMD-2
journal, January 2004


Dispersion relation for hadronic light-by-light scattering: pion pole
journal, October 2018

  • Hoferichter, Martin; Hoid, Bai-Long; Kubis, Bastian
  • Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1007/JHEP10(2018)141

The strategy for computing the hadronic mass spectrum
journal, January 1984


Hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to a μ from full lattice QCD
journal, August 2017

  • Chakraborty, Bipasha; Davies, C. T. H.; de Oliveira, P. G.
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034516

R value measurements for <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> annihilation at 2.60, 3.07 and 3.65 GeV
journal, June 2009


Scaling studies of QCD with the dynamical highly improved staggered quark action
journal, October 2010


Study of the process e + e n n ¯ at the VEPP-2000 e + e collider with the SND detector
journal, December 2014

  • Achasov, M. N.; Barnyakov, A. Yu.; Beloborodov, K. I.
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.112007

Measurement of the e + e K s 0 K ± π π 0 and K s 0 K ± π η cross sections using initial-state radiation
journal, May 2017


Measurement of the e + e π + π π 0 π 0 cross section using initial-state radiation at BABAR
journal, November 2017


The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model
journal, December 2020


Study of the process e+e−→π+π−π+π−π0 with the CMD-2 detector
journal, September 2000


Vector correlators in lattice QCD: Methods and applications
journal, November 2011


Bottomonium precision tests from full lattice QCD: Hyperfine splitting, ϒ leptonic width, and b quark contribution to e+ehadrons
journal, March 2021


Measurement of ω meson parameters in π+π−π0 decay mode with CMD-2
journal, March 2000


Measurement of R uds and R between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV at the KEDR detector
journal, February 2016


Erratum to: $$\hbox {BHLS}_{2}$$, a new breaking of the HLS model and its phenomenology
journal, March 2020


A new approach to evaluate the leading hadronic corrections to the muon g -2
journal, June 2015


Precision tests of the J / ψ from full lattice QCD: Mass, leptonic width, and radiative decay rate to η c
journal, November 2012


Study of the process e + e − → π + π − π 0 η in the c.m. energy range 1394–2005 MeV with the CMD-3 detector
journal, October 2017


Measurement of the e + e p p ¯ cross section in the energy range from 3.0 to 6.5 GeV
journal, October 2013


Measurement of <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math> and the dipion contribution to the muon anomaly with the KLOE detector
journal, January 2009


Refinements in electroweak contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
journal, April 2003

  • Czarnecki, Andrzej; Marciano, William J.; Vainshtein, Arkady
  • Physical Review D, Vol. 67, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.073006

Renormalizing vector currents in lattice QCD using momentum-subtraction schemes
journal, December 2019


Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment reexamined
journal, December 2004


Estimate of the hadronic vacuum polarization disconnected contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon from lattice QCD
journal, April 2016


Disconnected hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon g-2 with HISQ
conference, May 2019

  • Yamamoto, Shuhei; DeTar, Carleton; El-Khadra, Aida
  • Proceedings of The 36th Annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory — PoS(LATTICE2018)
  • DOI: 10.22323/1.334.0322

Deflation Methods in Fermion Inverters
conference, March 2008

  • Wilcox, Walter
  • Proceedings of The XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory — PoS(LATTICE 2007)
  • DOI: 10.22323/1.042.0025