Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: A multi-year short-range hindcast experiment with CESM1 for evaluating climate model moist processes from diurnal to interannual timescales

Abstract

Abstract. We present a multi-year short-range hindcast experiment and its experimental design for better evaluation of both the mean state and variability of atmospheric moist processes in climate models from diurnal to interannual timescales and facilitate model development. We used the Community Earth System Model version 1 as the base model and performed a suite of 3 d hindcasts initialized every day starting at 00:00 Z from 1997 to 2012. Three processes – the diurnal cycle of clouds during different cloud regimes over the central US, precipitation and diabatic heating associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the response of precipitation, surface radiative and heat fluxes, as well as zonal wind stress to sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation – are evaluated as examples to demonstrate how one can better utilize simulations from this experiment to gain insights into model errors and their connection to physical parameterizations or large-scale state. This is achieved by comparing the hindcasts with corresponding long-term observations for periods based on different phenomena. These analyses can only be done through this multi-year hindcast approach to establish robust statistics of the processes under well-controlled large-scale environment because these phenomena are either a result of interannualmore » climate variability or only happen a few times in a given year (e.g., MJO, or cloud regime types). Furthermore, comparison of hindcasts to the typical simulations in climate mode with the same model allows one to infer what portion of a model's climate error directly comes from fast errors in the parameterizations of moist processes. As demonstrated here, model biases in the mean state and variability associated with parameterized moist processes usually develop within a few days and manifest within weeks to affect the simulations of large-scale circulation and ultimately the climate mean state and variability. Therefore, model developers can achieve additional useful understanding of the underlying problems in model physics by conducting a multi-year hindcast experiment.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1756123
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1756720
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-788818; LLNL-JRNL-753612
Journal ID: ISSN 1991-9603
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Geoscientific Model Development (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Geoscientific Model Development (Online) Journal Volume: 14 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1991-9603
Publisher:
European Geosciences Union
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Ma, Hsi-Yen, Zhou, Chen, Zhang, Yunyan, Klein, Stephen A., Zelinka, Mark D., Zheng, Xue, Xie, Shaocheng, Chen, Wei-Ting, and Wu, Chien-Ming. A multi-year short-range hindcast experiment with CESM1 for evaluating climate model moist processes from diurnal to interannual timescales. Germany: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.5194/gmd-14-73-2021.
Copy to clipboard
Ma, Hsi-Yen, Zhou, Chen, Zhang, Yunyan, Klein, Stephen A., Zelinka, Mark D., Zheng, Xue, Xie, Shaocheng, Chen, Wei-Ting, & Wu, Chien-Ming. A multi-year short-range hindcast experiment with CESM1 for evaluating climate model moist processes from diurnal to interannual timescales. Germany. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-73-2021
Copy to clipboard
Ma, Hsi-Yen, Zhou, Chen, Zhang, Yunyan, Klein, Stephen A., Zelinka, Mark D., Zheng, Xue, Xie, Shaocheng, Chen, Wei-Ting, and Wu, Chien-Ming. Thu . "A multi-year short-range hindcast experiment with CESM1 for evaluating climate model moist processes from diurnal to interannual timescales". Germany. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-73-2021.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1756123,
title = {A multi-year short-range hindcast experiment with CESM1 for evaluating climate model moist processes from diurnal to interannual timescales},
author = {Ma, Hsi-Yen and Zhou, Chen and Zhang, Yunyan and Klein, Stephen A. and Zelinka, Mark D. and Zheng, Xue and Xie, Shaocheng and Chen, Wei-Ting and Wu, Chien-Ming},
abstractNote = {Abstract. We present a multi-year short-range hindcast experiment and its experimental design for better evaluation of both the mean state and variability of atmospheric moist processes in climate models from diurnal to interannual timescales and facilitate model development. We used the Community Earth System Model version 1 as the base model and performed a suite of 3 d hindcasts initialized every day starting at 00:00 Z from 1997 to 2012. Three processes – the diurnal cycle of clouds during different cloud regimes over the central US, precipitation and diabatic heating associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the response of precipitation, surface radiative and heat fluxes, as well as zonal wind stress to sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation – are evaluated as examples to demonstrate how one can better utilize simulations from this experiment to gain insights into model errors and their connection to physical parameterizations or large-scale state. This is achieved by comparing the hindcasts with corresponding long-term observations for periods based on different phenomena. These analyses can only be done through this multi-year hindcast approach to establish robust statistics of the processes under well-controlled large-scale environment because these phenomena are either a result of interannual climate variability or only happen a few times in a given year (e.g., MJO, or cloud regime types). Furthermore, comparison of hindcasts to the typical simulations in climate mode with the same model allows one to infer what portion of a model's climate error directly comes from fast errors in the parameterizations of moist processes. As demonstrated here, model biases in the mean state and variability associated with parameterized moist processes usually develop within a few days and manifest within weeks to affect the simulations of large-scale circulation and ultimately the climate mean state and variability. Therefore, model developers can achieve additional useful understanding of the underlying problems in model physics by conducting a multi-year hindcast experiment.},
doi = {10.5194/gmd-14-73-2021},
journal = {Geoscientific Model Development (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 14,
place = {Germany},
year = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-73-2021
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

The Transpose-AMIP II Experiment and Its Application to the Understanding of Southern Ocean Cloud Biases in Climate Models
journal, May 2013

Advances in Understanding Clouds from ISCCP
journal, November 1999

A Diagnostic PDF Cloud Scheme to Improve Subtropical Low Clouds in NCAR Community Atmosphere Model ( CAM 5)
journal, February 2018

  • Qin, Yi; Lin, Yanluan; Xu, Shiming
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017MS001095

MJO simulation in CMIP5 climate models: MJO skill metrics and process-oriented diagnosis
journal, March 2017

Using ARM Observations to Evaluate Climate Model Simulations of Land-Atmosphere Coupling on the U.S. Southern Great Plains: Model LAC Evaluation by ARM Data
journal, November 2017

  • Phillips, Thomas J.; Klein, Stephen A.; Ma, Hsi-Yen
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017JD027141

Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian Oscillation: Biases and uncertainties at short range: PHYSICAL PROCESSES OF MJO
journal, May 2015

  • Xavier, Prince K.; Petch, Jon C.; Klingaman, Nicholas P.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022718

Understanding Cloud and Convective Characteristics in Version 1 of the E3SM Atmosphere Model
journal, October 2018

  • Xie, Shaocheng; Lin, Wuyin; Rasch, Philip J.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1029/2018MS001350

Temporal Variability of Fair-Weather Cumulus Statistics at the ACRF SGP Site
journal, July 2008

Evaluation of the NCEP Global Forecast System at the ARM SGP Site
journal, December 2006

  • Yang, Fanglin; Pan, Hua-Lu; Krueger, Steven K.
  • Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 134, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1175/MWR3264.1

Cloud Cover in the ECMWF Reanalysis
journal, April 1999

CAUSES: Attribution of Surface Radiation Biases in NWP and Climate Models near the U.S. Southern Great Plains
journal, April 2018

  • Van Weverberg, K.; Morcrette, C. J.; Petch, J.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017JD027188

An All-Season Real-Time Multivariate MJO Index: Development of an Index for Monitoring and Prediction
journal, August 2004

Arctic synoptic regimes: Comparing domain-wide Arctic cloud observations with CAM4 and CAM5 during similar dynamics: CAM4 AND CAM5 ARCTIC CLOUD EVALUATION
journal, August 2012

  • Barton, Neil P.; Klein, Stephen A.; Boyle, James S.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D15
  • DOI: 10.1029/2012JD017589

Barrier Effect of the Indo-Pacific Maritime Continent on the MJO: Perspectives from Tracking MJO Precipitation
journal, May 2017

Surface Irradiances Consistent with CERES-Derived Top-of-Atmosphere Shortwave and Longwave Irradiances
journal, May 2013

Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram
journal, April 2001

  • Taylor, Karl E.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 106, Issue D7
  • DOI: 10.1029/2000JD900719

Toward Optimal Closure of the Earth's Top-of-Atmosphere Radiation Budget
journal, February 2009

  • Loeb, Norman G.; Wielicki, Bruce A.; Doelling, David R.
  • Journal of Climate, Vol. 22, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2637.1

Short ensembles: an efficient method for discerning climate-relevant sensitivities in atmospheric general circulation models
journal, January 2014

Objective Determination of Cloud Heights and Radar Reflectivities Using a Combination of Active Remote Sensors at the ARM CART Sites
journal, May 2000

A cloudy planetary boundary layer oscillation arising from the coupling of turbulence with precipitation in climate simulations
journal, August 2017

  • Zheng, X.; Klein, S. A.; Ma, H. ‐Y.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 9, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017MS000993

Convective Characteristics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation over the Central Indian Ocean Observed by Shipborne Radar during DYNAMO
journal, August 2014

  • Xu, Weixin; Rutledge, Steven A.
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 71, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0372.1

TWP-ICE global atmospheric model intercomparison: Convection responsiveness and resolution impact: TWP-ICE AGCM INTERCOMPARISON
journal, May 2012

  • Lin, Yanluan; Donner, L. J.; Petch, J.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D9
  • DOI: 10.1029/2011JD017018

The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of M adden‐ J ulian O scillation convection across the M aritime C ontinent
journal, October 2016

  • Hagos, Samson M.; Zhang, Chidong; Feng, Zhe
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 8, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2016MS000725

Are climate model simulations of clouds improving? An evaluation using the ISCCP simulator: EVALUATING CLOUDS IN CLIMATE MODELS
journal, February 2013

  • Klein, Stephen A.; Zhang, Yuying; Zelinka, Mark D.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50141

Simulations of Arctic mixed-phase clouds in forecasts with CAM3 and AM2 for M-PACE
journal, January 2008

  • Xie, Shaocheng; Boyle, James; Klein, Stephen A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D4
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007JD009225

Southeast Pacific Stratocumulus in the Community Atmosphere Model
journal, September 2012

  • Medeiros, Brian; Williamson, David L.; Hannay, Cécile
  • Journal of Climate, Vol. 25, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00503.1

The cloud population and onset of the Madden-Julian Oscillation over the Indian Ocean during DYNAMO-AMIE: CONVECTION DURING DYNAMO-AMIE
journal, November 2013

  • Powell, Scott W.; Houze, Robert A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1002/2013JD020421

The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
journal, April 2011

  • Dee, D. P.; Uppala, S. M.; Simmons, A. J.
  • Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 137, Issue 656
  • DOI: 10.1002/qj.828

Clouds, circulation and climate sensitivity
journal, March 2015

  • Bony, Sandrine; Stevens, Bjorn; Frierson, Dargan M. W.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2398

Radiative and Dynamical Feedbacks over the Equatorial Cold Tongue: Results from Nine Atmospheric GCMs
journal, August 2006

  • Sun, D. -Z.; Zhang, T.; Covey, C.
  • Journal of Climate, Vol. 19, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3835.1

The moist static energy budget in NCAR CAM5 hindcasts during DYNAMO
journal, May 2014

  • Hannah, Walter M.; Maloney, Eric D.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 6, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/2013MS000272

Evaluation of Clouds in Version 1 of the E3SM Atmosphere Model With Satellite Simulators
journal, May 2019

  • Zhang, Yuying; Xie, Shaocheng; Lin, Wuyin
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1029/2018MS001562

Relationships between radiation, clouds, and convection during DYNAMO: Radiation, Clouds, and Convection in MJO
journal, March 2017

  • Ciesielski, Paul E.; Johnson, Richard H.; Jiang, Xianan
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025965

On the Correspondence between Short- and Long-Time-Scale Systematic Errors in CAM4/CAM5 for the Year of Tropical Convection
journal, November 2012

Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Linking hindcast fidelity to simulated diabatic heating and moistening: DIABATIC PROCESSES IN MJO HINDCASTS
journal, May 2015

  • Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Woolnough, Steven J.; Jiang, Xianan
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022374

The DOE E3SM Coupled Model Version 1: Overview and Evaluation at Standard Resolution
journal, July 2019

  • Golaz, Jean‐Christophe; Caldwell, Peter M.; Van Roekel, Luke P.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1029/2018MS001603

Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Exploring key model physics in climate simulations: KEY PHYSICS IN MODELING THE MJO
journal, May 2015

  • Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane E.; Xavier, Prince K.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022375

Evaluating Parameterizations in General Circulation Models: Climate Simulation Meets Weather Prediction
journal, December 2004

  • Phillips, Thomas J.; Potter, Gerald L.; Williamson, David L.
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 85, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-85-12-1903

CLOUDS AND MORE: ARM Climate Modeling Best Estimate Data: A New Data Product for Climate Studies
journal, January 2010

  • Xie, Shaocheng; McCoy, Renata B.; Klein, Stephen A.
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 91, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1175/2009BAMS2891.1

Improved Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation in E3SM With a Revised Convective Triggering Function
journal, July 2019

  • Xie, Shaocheng; Wang, Yi‐Chi; Lin, Wuyin
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001702

An Idealized Semi-Empirical Framework for Modeling the Madden–Julian Oscillation
journal, May 2012

An Overview of the Atmospheric Component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model
journal, August 2019

  • Rasch, P. J.; Xie, S.; Ma, P. ‐L.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019MS001629

Role of eastward propagating convection systems in the diurnal cycle and seasonal mean of summertime rainfall over the U.S. Great Plains
journal, January 2006

  • Jiang, Xianan; Lau, Ngar-Cheung; Klein, Stephen A.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1029/2006GL027022

On the Correspondence between Mean Forecast Errors and Climate Errors in CMIP5 Models
journal, February 2014

Low‐cloud characteristics over the tropical western Pacific from ARM observations and CAM5 simulations
journal, September 2015

  • Chandra, Arunchandra S.; Zhang, Chidong; Klein, Stephen A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023369

Precipitation Characteristics in Eighteen Coupled Climate Models
journal, September 2006

On the Contribution of Longwave Radiation to Global Climate Model Biases in Arctic Lower Tropospheric Stability
journal, October 2014

Moisture Modes and the Eastward Propagation of the MJO
journal, January 2013

The ARM Cloud Radar Simulator for Global Climate Models: Bridging Field Data and Climate Models
journal, January 2018

  • Zhang, Yuying; Xie, Shaocheng; Klein, Stephen A.
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 99, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0258.1

An Improved In Situ and Satellite SST Analysis for Climate
journal, July 2002

Structure and Properties of Madden–Julian Oscillations Deduced from DYNAMO Sounding Arrays
journal, October 2013

  • Johnson, Richard H.; Ciesielski, Paul E.
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 70, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-065.1

An improved hindcast approach for evaluation and diagnosis of physical processes in global climate models: AN IMPROVED HINDCAST APPROACH
journal, November 2015

  • Ma, H. -Y.; Chuang, C. C.; Klein, S. A.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 7, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015MS000490

Detection of a 40–50 Day Oscillation in the Zonal Wind in the Tropical Pacific
journal, July 1971

Using regime analysis to identify the contribution of clouds to surface temperature errors in weather and climate models: Cloud-Regime Analysis and Surface Temperature Errors
journal, September 2015

  • Van Weverberg, Kwinten; Morcrette, Cyril J.; Ma, Hsi-Yen
  • Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 141, Issue 693
  • DOI: 10.1002/qj.2603

AMIP: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
journal, December 1992

Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40–50 Day Period
journal, September 1972

Resolution dependence of precipitation statistical fidelity in hindcast simulations: ILIAD SIMULATIONS OF PRECIPITATION
journal, June 2016

  • O'Brien, Travis A.; Collins, William D.; Kashinath, Karthik
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 8, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/2016MS000671

Determination of Bulk Properties of Tropical Cloud Clusters from Large-Scale Heat and Moisture Budgets
journal, May 1973

Simulation, Modeling, and Dynamically Based Parameterization of Organized Tropical Convection for Global Climate Models
journal, May 2017

  • Moncrieff, Mitchell W.; Liu, Changhai; Bogenschutz, Peter
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 74, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0166.1

Madden–Julian Oscillation: Bridging Weather and Climate
journal, December 2013

Metrics for the Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation: Toward Routine Benchmarks for Climate Models
journal, June 2016

  • Covey, Curt; Gleckler, Peter J.; Doutriaux, Charles
  • Journal of Climate, Vol. 29, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0664.1

Introduction to CAUSES: Description of Weather and Climate Models and Their Near‐Surface Temperature Errors in 5 day Hindcasts Near the Southern Great Plains
journal, March 2018

  • Morcrette, C. J.; Van Weverberg, K.; Ma, H. ‐Y.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017JD027199

Technical Note: On the use of nudging for aerosol–climate model intercomparison studies
journal, January 2014

The MJO as a Dispersive, Convectively Coupled Moisture Wave: Theory and Observations
journal, March 2016

  • Adames, Ángel F.; Kim, Daehyun
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 73, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0170.1

Vertical Diabatic Heating Structure of the MJO: Intercomparison between Recent Reanalyses and TRMM Estimates
journal, October 2011

  • Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane E.; Olson, William S.
  • Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 139, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1175/2011MWR3636.1

Metrics and Diagnostics for Precipitation-Related Processes in Climate Model Short-Range Hindcasts
journal, March 2013

Understanding El Niño in Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Models: Progress and Challenges
journal, March 2009

  • Guilyardi, Eric; Wittenberg, Andrew; Fedorov, Alexey
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 90, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1175/2008BAMS2387.1

CAUSES: On the Role of Surface Energy Budget Errors to the Warm Surface Air Temperature Error Over the Central United States
journal, March 2018

  • Ma, H. ‐Y.; Klein, S. A.; Xie, S.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017JD027194

The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation Analysis (1979–Present)
journal, December 2003

    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: