Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi2Te3/Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Wan, Siyuan; Gu, Qiangqiang; Li, Huazhou; Yang, Huan; Schneeloch, J.; Zhong, R. D.; Gu, G. D.; Wen, Hai-Hu

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.220503

Title: Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3} / {Bi}_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CaCu}_{2} O_{8 + δ}$ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract

We observe proximity-induced superconductivity in in situ prepared heterostructures constructed by topological insulator Bi₂Te₃ thin films and high-temperature cuprate superconductors Bi₂Sr₂ CaCu₂O_8+δ. The superconducting gap maximum is about 7.6 meV on the surface of Bi₂Te₃ thin films with a thickness of two quintuple layers, and the gap value decreases with an increase in the film thickness. Moreover, the quasiparticle interference data show clear evidence of a twofold symmetric superconducting gap with gap minima along one pair of the principal crystalline axes of Bi₂Te₃. This gap form is consistent with the Δ_4y notation of the topological superconductivity proposed in such systems. Our results provide fruitful information on the possible topological superconductivity induced by the proximity effect in high-temperature superconducting cuprates.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Li, Huazhou ^[1]; Yang, Huan ^[1]; Schneeloch, J. ^[2]; Zhong, R. D. ^[2]; Gu, G. D. ^[2]; Wen, Hai-Hu ^[1]

Nanjing Univ. (China)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1637481

Report Number(s):: BNL-216110-2020-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; PRBMDO; TRN: US2201624

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 101; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Wan, Siyuan, Gu, Qiangqiang, Li, Huazhou, Yang, Huan, Schneeloch, J., Zhong, R. D., Gu, G. D., and Wen, Hai-Hu. Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi2Te3/Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.220503.

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                    Wan, Siyuan, Gu, Qiangqiang, Li, Huazhou, Yang, Huan, Schneeloch, J., Zhong, R. D., Gu, G. D., & Wen, Hai-Hu. Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi2Te3/Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.220503

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                    Wan, Siyuan, Gu, Qiangqiang, Li, Huazhou, Yang, Huan, Schneeloch, J., Zhong, R. D., Gu, G. D., and Wen, Hai-Hu. Mon .  
"Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi2Te3/Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.220503.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1637481.

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@article{osti_1637481,

  title        = {Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi2Te3/Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy},

  author       = {Wan, Siyuan and Gu, Qiangqiang and Li, Huazhou and Yang, Huan and Schneeloch, J. and Zhong, R. D. and Gu, G. D. and Wen, Hai-Hu},

  abstractNote = {We observe proximity-induced superconductivity in in situ prepared heterostructures constructed by topological insulator Bi2Te3 thin films and high-temperature cuprate superconductors Bi2Sr2 CaCu2O8+δ. The superconducting gap maximum is about 7.6 meV on the surface of Bi2Te3 thin films with a thickness of two quintuple layers, and the gap value decreases with an increase in the film thickness. Moreover, the quasiparticle interference data show clear evidence of a twofold symmetric superconducting gap with gap minima along one pair of the principal crystalline axes of Bi2Te3. This gap form is consistent with the Δ4y notation of the topological superconductivity proposed in such systems. Our results provide fruitful information on the possible topological superconductivity induced by the proximity effect in high-temperature superconducting cuprates.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.101.220503},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 22,

  volume       = 101,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Mon Jun 08 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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Title: Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi 2 Te 3 / Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract

Citation Formats

Imaging the impact on cuprate superconductivity of varying the interatomic distances within individual crystal unit cells journal, February 2008

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Topological insulators and superconductors journal, October 2011

STM Imaging of Electronic Waves on the Surface of Bi2Te3: Topologically Protected Surface States and Hexagonal Warping Effects journal, January 2010

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Microscopic electronic inhomogeneity in the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x journal, September 2001

Fully gapped topological surface states in Bi2Se3 films induced by a d-wave high-temperature superconductor journal, September 2013

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Theoretical study of large proximity-induced s -wave-like pairing from a d -wave superconductor journal, January 2016

Direct Measurement of Quasiparticle-Lifetime Broadening in a Strong-Coupled Superconductor journal, November 1978

Robust and Clean Majorana Zero Mode in the Vortex Core of High-Temperature Superconductor ( Li 0.84 Fe 0.16 ) OHFeSe journal, December 2018

Superconducting proximity effect in a topological insulator using Fe(Te, Se) journal, June 2018

Quasiparticle Evidence for the Nematic State above T c in Sr x Bi 2 Se 3 journal, July 2019

Studies of scanning tunneling spectroscopy on iron-based superconductors journal, January 2018

Fermi-level electronic structure of a topological-insulator/cuprate-superconductor based heterostructure in the superconducting proximity effect regime journal, August 2014

Spectroscopic scanning tunneling microscopy insights into Fe-based superconductors journal, November 2011

Topological Superconductivity in Cu x Bi 2 Se 3 journal, November 2011

Anisotropic Energy Gaps of Iron-Based Superconductivity from Intraband Quasiparticle Interference in LiFeAs journal, May 2012

Superconductivity with Topological Surface State in Sr x Bi 2 Se 3 journal, August 2015

Proximity-induced high-temperature superconductivity in the topological insulators Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 journal, January 2012

Boundary Effects in Superconductors journal, January 1964

Vacuum tunneling spectroscopy and asymmetric density of states of Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ journal, April 1995

Intrinsic Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 Thin Films on Si and Their Thickness Limit journal, July 2010

Angular dependence of the upper critical field of Bi 2.2 Sr 2 Ca 0.8 Cu 2 O 8 + δ journal, September 1988

Large single crystal Bi-2212 along the c-axis prepared by floating zone method journal, May 1993

Evolution of the Fermi surface of a doped topological insulator with carrier concentration journal, November 2013

Drive the Dirac electrons into Cooper pairs in SrxBi2Se3 journal, February 2017

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect journal, April 2000

Topological Phases in the Single-Layer FeSe journal, September 2014

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor journal, March 2018

Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator journal, March 2008

Realizing Majorana zero modes by proximity effect between topological insulators and d -wave high-temperature superconductors journal, June 2015

Directly visualizing the sign change of d-wave superconducting gap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by phase-referenced quasiparticle interference journal, April 2019

Superconductivity with twofold symmetry in Bi 2 Te 3 /FeTe 0.55 Se 0.45 heterostructures journal, June 2018

Experimental Evidence for s -Wave Pairing Symmetry in Superconducting Cu x Bi 2 Se 3 Single Crystals Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope journal, March 2013

Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor journal, August 2018

Title: Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3} / {Bi}_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CaCu}_{2} O_{8 + δ}$ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Imaging the impact on cuprate superconductivity of varying the interatomic distances within individual crystal unit cells
journal, February 2008

Quasiparticle interference on the surface of the topological insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$
journal, December 2009

Topological insulators and superconductors
journal, October 2011

STM Imaging of Electronic Waves on the Surface of ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$ : Topologically Protected Surface States and Hexagonal Warping Effects
journal, January 2010

Thermodynamic evidence for nematic superconductivity in CuxBi2Se3
journal, October 2016

Superconductivity with two-fold symmetry in topological superconductor Sr x Bi2Se3
journal, January 2017

Microscopic electronic inhomogeneity in the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x
journal, September 2001

Fully gapped topological surface states in Bi2Se3 films induced by a d-wave high-temperature superconductor
journal, September 2013

Odd-parity topological superconductor with nematic order: Application to ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$
journal, September 2014

Odd-Parity Topological Superconductors: Theory and Application to ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$
journal, August 2010

Topological Crystalline Insulators and Topological Superconductors: From Concepts to Materials
journal, March 2015

Topological nature of the ${FeSe}_{0.5} {Te}_{0.5}$ superconductor
journal, September 2015

Topological Superconductivity on the Surface of Fe-Based Superconductors
journal, July 2016

Artificial Topological Superconductor by the Proximity Effect
journal, May 2014

Theory of quasiparticle scattering in a two-dimensional system of helical Dirac fermions: Surface band structure of a three-dimensional topological insulator
journal, December 2009

Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires
journal, October 2001

Absence of a Proximity Effect for a Thin-Films of a ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Topological Insulator Grown on Top of a ${Bi}_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CaCu}_{2} O_{8 + δ}$ Cuprate Superconductor
journal, August 2014

The Coexistence of Superconductivity and Topological Order in the Bi ₂ Se ₃ Thin Films
journal, March 2012

Hexagonal Warping Effects in the Surface States of the Topological Insulator ${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$
journal, December 2009

Superconductivity in ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ and its Implications for Pairing in the Undoped Topological Insulator
journal, February 2010

Experimental Demonstration of Topological Surface States Protected by Time-Reversal Symmetry
journal, December 2009

Majorana Fermions and Exotic Surface Andreev Bound States in Topological Superconductors: Application to ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$
journal, March 2012

Topological characters in $Fe ({Te}_{1 - x} {Se}_{x})$ thin films
journal, March 2016

Observation of topological order in a superconducting doped topological insulator
journal, September 2010

Scrutinizing the double superconducting gaps and strong coupling pairing in (Li1−xFex)OHFeSe
journal, January 2016

Atomic-Scale Sources and Mechanism of Nanoscale Electronic Disorder in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+
journal, August 2005

Direct Observation of Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry on the Surface of a Magnetically Doped Topological Insulator
journal, May 2011

Spin-rotation symmetry breaking in the superconducting state of CuxBi2Se3
journal, May 2016

Zero-energy vortex bound state in the superconducting topological surface state of Fe(Se,Te)
journal, June 2019

Theoretical study of large proximity-induced $s$ -wave-like pairing from a $d$ -wave superconductor
journal, January 2016

Direct Measurement of Quasiparticle-Lifetime Broadening in a Strong-Coupled Superconductor
journal, November 1978

Robust and Clean Majorana Zero Mode in the Vortex Core of High-Temperature Superconductor $({Li}_{0.84} {Fe}_{0.16}) OHFeSe$
journal, December 2018

Superconducting proximity effect in a topological insulator using Fe(Te, Se)
journal, June 2018

Quasiparticle Evidence for the Nematic State above $T_{c}$ in ${Sr}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$
journal, July 2019

Studies of scanning tunneling spectroscopy on iron-based superconductors
journal, January 2018

Fermi-level electronic structure of a topological-insulator/cuprate-superconductor based heterostructure in the superconducting proximity effect regime
journal, August 2014

Spectroscopic scanning tunneling microscopy insights into Fe-based superconductors
journal, November 2011

Topological Superconductivity in ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$
journal, November 2011

Anisotropic Energy Gaps of Iron-Based Superconductivity from Intraband Quasiparticle Interference in LiFeAs
journal, May 2012

Superconductivity with Topological Surface State in Sr _x Bi ₂ Se ₃
journal, August 2015

Proximity-induced high-temperature superconductivity in the topological insulators Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3
journal, January 2012

Boundary Effects in Superconductors
journal, January 1964

Vacuum tunneling spectroscopy and asymmetric density of states of ${Bi}_{2}$ ${Sr}_{2}$ ${CaCu}_{2}$ $O_{8 + δ}$
journal, April 1995

Intrinsic Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 Thin Films on Si and Their Thickness Limit
journal, July 2010

Angular dependence of the upper critical field of ${Bi}_{2.2}$ ${Sr}_{2}$ ${Ca}_{0.8}$ ${Cu}_{2}$ $O_{8 + δ}$
journal, September 1988

Large single crystal Bi-2212 along the c-axis prepared by floating zone method
journal, May 1993

Evolution of the Fermi surface of a doped topological insulator with carrier concentration
journal, November 2013

Drive the Dirac electrons into Cooper pairs in SrxBi2Se3
journal, February 2017

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect
journal, April 2000

Topological Phases in the Single-Layer FeSe
journal, September 2014

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor
journal, March 2018

Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator
journal, March 2008

Realizing Majorana zero modes by proximity effect between topological insulators and $d$ -wave high-temperature superconductors
journal, June 2015

Directly visualizing the sign change of d-wave superconducting gap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by phase-referenced quasiparticle interference
journal, April 2019

Superconductivity with twofold symmetry in Bi 2 Te 3 /FeTe 0.55 Se 0.45 heterostructures
journal, June 2018

Experimental Evidence for $s$ -Wave Pairing Symmetry in Superconducting ${Cu}_{x} {Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Single Crystals Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope
journal, March 2013

Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor
journal, August 2018