Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter

Ke, Weiyao; Xu, Yingru; Bass, Steffen A.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.98.064901

Title: Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter

Abstract

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the production of heavy quarks at large transverse momenta is strongly suppressed compared to proton-proton collisions. In addition, an unexpectedly large azimuthal anisotropy was observed for the emission of charmed hadrons in noncentral collisions. Both observations pose challenges to the theoretical understanding of the coupling between heavy quarks and the quark-gluon plasma produced in these collisions. Transport models for the evolution of heavy quarks in a QCD medium offer the opportunity to study these effects; two of the most successful approaches are based on the linearized Boltzmann transport equation and the Langevin equation. In this work, we develop a hybrid transport model that combines the strengths of both of these approaches: Heavy quarks scatter with medium partons using matrix-elements calculated in perturbative QCD, while between these discrete hard scatterings they evolve using a Langevin equation with empirical transport coefficients to capture the nonperturbative soft part of the interaction. With the hybrid transport model coupled to a state-of-the-art event-by-event bulk evolution model based on 2+1D relativistic viscous fluid dynamics, we study the azimuthal anisotropy and nuclear modification factor of heavy quarks in Pb+Pb collisions at √s = 5.02 TeV. The parameters related to heavy-flavor transport are calibratedmore »« less

Authors:

Ke, Weiyao ^[1]; Xu, Yingru ^[1]; Bass, Steffen A. ^[1]

Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1609632

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1484555

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-05ER41367; OAC-1550225

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; physics; hard scattering; jets & heavy flavor physics; relativistic heavy-ion collisions; transport phenomena

Citation Formats


                    Ke, Weiyao, Xu, Yingru, and Bass, Steffen A. Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevc.98.064901.

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                    Ke, Weiyao, Xu, Yingru, & Bass, Steffen A. Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.98.064901

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                    Ke, Weiyao, Xu, Yingru, and Bass, Steffen A. Wed .  
"Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.98.064901.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1609632.

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@article{osti_1609632,

  title        = {Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter},

  author       = {Ke, Weiyao and Xu, Yingru and Bass, Steffen A.},

  abstractNote = {In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the production of heavy quarks at large transverse momenta is strongly suppressed compared to proton-proton collisions. In addition, an unexpectedly large azimuthal anisotropy was observed for the emission of charmed hadrons in noncentral collisions. Both observations pose challenges to the theoretical understanding of the coupling between heavy quarks and the quark-gluon plasma produced in these collisions. Transport models for the evolution of heavy quarks in a QCD medium offer the opportunity to study these effects; two of the most successful approaches are based on the linearized Boltzmann transport equation and the Langevin equation. In this work, we develop a hybrid transport model that combines the strengths of both of these approaches: Heavy quarks scatter with medium partons using matrix-elements calculated in perturbative QCD, while between these discrete hard scatterings they evolve using a Langevin equation with empirical transport coefficients to capture the nonperturbative soft part of the interaction. With the hybrid transport model coupled to a state-of-the-art event-by-event bulk evolution model based on 2+1D relativistic viscous fluid dynamics, we study the azimuthal anisotropy and nuclear modification factor of heavy quarks in Pb+Pb collisions at √s = 5.02 TeV. The parameters related to heavy-flavor transport are calibrated using a Bayesian analysis comparing them to available D -meson and B -meson data at the Large Hadron Collider. Lastly, using the calibrated model, we study the implications on heavy-flavor transport properties and predict observables.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevc.98.064901},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 98,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Wed Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Diffusion of charm quarks in jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
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Wang, Sa; Dai, Wei; Zhang, Ben-Wei
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Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions
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Qiu, Jian-Wei; Ringer, Felix; Sato, Nobuo
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Quarkonium In-Medium Transport Equation Derived from First Principles
text, January 2018

Yao, Xiaojun; Mehen, Thomas
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Quarkonium inside Quark-Gluon Plasma: Diffusion, Dissociation, Recombination and Energy Loss
text, January 2018

Yao, Xiaojun; Müller, Berndt
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Title: Linearized Boltzmann-Langevin model for heavy quark transport in hot and dense QCD matter

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Microscopic models for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions journal, January 1998

Effective field theory approach to open heavy flavor production in heavy-ion collisions journal, March 2017

Charm meson scattering cross sections by pion and rho meson journal, July 2001

Consistency of Perfect Fluidity and Jet Quenching in Semi-Quark-Gluon Monopole Plasmas journal, August 2015

Charmonium properties in hot quenched lattice QCD journal, July 2012

Elastic and radiative heavy quark interactions in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, October 2015

Bremsstrahlung and Pair Production in Condensed Media at High Energies journal, September 1956

Equation of state in ( 2 + 1 )-flavor QCD journal, November 2014

Nonperturbative estimate of the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient journal, December 2015

Causal viscous hydrodynamics in 2 + 1 dimensions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, June 2008

Erratum: Pre-equilibrium evolution effects on heavy-ion collision observables [Phys. Rev. C 91 , 064906 (2015)] journal, October 2015

Constraining the Equation of State of Superhadronic Matter from Heavy-Ion Collisions journal, May 2015

One-Loop Self Energies at Finite Temperature journal, June 1998

Quarkonia and heavy-quark relaxation times in the quark-gluon plasma journal, September 2010

Open Charm and Beauty at Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Colliders journal, March 2005

Quantifying properties of hot and dense QCD matter through systematic model-to-data comparison journal, May 2015

Toward an understanding of the single electron data measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) journal, July 2008

Applying Bayesian parameter estimation to relativistic heavy-ion collisions: Simultaneous characterization of the initial state and quark-gluon plasma medium journal, August 2016

The open science grid journal, July 2007

Results of a systematic study of dijet suppression measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider journal, November 2012

Thermalization of gluons in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions by including three-body interactions in a parton cascade journal, June 2005

Measurement of D 0 Azimuthal Anisotropy at Midrapidity in Au + Au Collisions at s N N = 200 GeV journal, May 2017

Model and parameter dependence of heavy quark energy loss in a hot and dense medium journal, June 2013

How much do heavy quarks thermalize in a heavy ion collision? journal, June 2005

Hadronization by color bremsstrahlung journal, February 1982

Pre-equilibrium evolution effects on heavy-ion collision observables journal, June 2015

EPPS16: nuclear parton distributions with LHC data journal, March 2017

Linearized Boltzmann transport model for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Heavy quark evolution journal, July 2016

Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model journal, September 1999

Nuclear modification factor of D 0 mesons in PbPb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV journal, July 2018

Radiative energy loss of high energy quarks and gluons in a finite-volume quark-gluon plasma journal, January 1997

Measurement of Prompt D -Meson Production in p − Pb Collisions at s N N = 5.02 TeV journal, December 2014

Estimating the charm quark diffusion coefficient and thermalization time from D meson spectra at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider journal, October 2017

The Pilot Way to Grid Resources Using glideinWMS conference, March 2009

Radiative Energy Loss in a Finite Dynamical QCD Medium journal, July 2008

D -Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Midcentral Pb-Pb Collisions at s N N = 5.02 TeV journal, March 2018

Investigating the collision energy dependence of η / s in the beam energy scan at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using Bayesian statistics journal, April 2018

Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in QCD and radiative energy loss in a quark-gluon plasma journal, April 1995

Diffusion of charmed quarks in the quark-gluon plasma journal, May 1988

Fully quantum treatment of the Landau-Pomeranchik-Migdal effect in QED and QCD journal, June 1996

Heavy Quark Jet Quenching with Collisional plus Radiative Energy Loss and Path Length Fluctuations journal, February 2007

Heavy quark diffusion in QCD and 𝒩 = 4 SYM at next-to-leading order journal, February 2008

Measurement of the B ± Meson Nuclear Modification Factor in Pb-Pb Collisions at s N N = 5.02 TeV journal, October 2017

Nonperturbative Heavy-Quark Diffusion in the Quark-Gluon Plasma journal, May 2008

Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions journal, July 2015

Heavy and light flavor jet quenching at RHIC and LHC energies journal, February 2018

nCTEQ15: Global analysis of nuclear parton distributions with uncertainties in the CTEQ framework journal, April 2016

Monte-Carlo model for elastic energy loss in a hydrodynamical background journal, August 2010

Jet-medium interactions at NLO in a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma journal, March 2016

Production of charm quarks in a parton cascade model for relativistic heavy ion collisions at s NN = 200 GeV journal, December 2017

Determining fundamental properties of matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, March 2014

Radiative parton processes in perturbative QCD: An improved version of the Gunion and Bertsch cross section from comparisons to the exact result journal, July 2013

Heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient from lattice QCD journal, January 2012

Dissipative hydrodynamics for viscous relativistic fluids journal, March 2006

Effective kinetic theory for high temperature gauge theories journal, January 2003

Measurement of Prompt D 0 Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Pb-Pb Collisions at s N N = 5.02 TeV journal, May 2018

The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, February 2016

Data-driven analysis for the temperature and momentum dependence of the heavy-quark diffusion coefficient in relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, January 2018

Diffusion of charm quarks in jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions journal, September 2019

Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions journal, June 2019

Modified Boltzmann approach for modeling the splitting vertices induced by the hot QCD medium in the deep Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal region journal, December 2019

Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions text, January 2019

Quarkonium In-Medium Transport Equation Derived from First Principles text, January 2018

Quarkonium inside Quark-Gluon Plasma: Diffusion, Dissociation, Recombination and Energy Loss text, January 2018

The p _T spectrum in heavy-flavour hadroproduction
journal, May 1998

Heavy-quark dynamics and hadronization in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions: Collisional versus radiative energy loss
journal, October 2013

$D_{s}$ Meson as a Quantitative Probe of Diffusion and Hadronization in Nuclear Collisions
journal, March 2013

Microscopic models for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
journal, January 1998

Effective field theory approach to open heavy flavor production in heavy-ion collisions
journal, March 2017

Charm meson scattering cross sections by pion and rho meson
journal, July 2001

Consistency of Perfect Fluidity and Jet Quenching in Semi-Quark-Gluon Monopole Plasmas
journal, August 2015

Charmonium properties in hot quenched lattice QCD
journal, July 2012

Elastic and radiative heavy quark interactions in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, October 2015

Bremsstrahlung and Pair Production in Condensed Media at High Energies
journal, September 1956

Equation of state in ( $2 + 1$ )-flavor QCD
journal, November 2014

Nonperturbative estimate of the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient
journal, December 2015

Causal viscous hydrodynamics in 2 + 1 dimensions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, June 2008

Erratum: Pre-equilibrium evolution effects on heavy-ion collision observables [Phys. Rev. C 91 , 064906 (2015)]
journal, October 2015

Constraining the Equation of State of Superhadronic Matter from Heavy-Ion Collisions
journal, May 2015

One-Loop Self Energies at Finite Temperature
journal, June 1998

Quarkonia and heavy-quark relaxation times in the quark-gluon plasma
journal, September 2010

Open Charm and Beauty at Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Colliders
journal, March 2005

Quantifying properties of hot and dense QCD matter through systematic model-to-data comparison
journal, May 2015

Toward an understanding of the single electron data measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
journal, July 2008

Applying Bayesian parameter estimation to relativistic heavy-ion collisions: Simultaneous characterization of the initial state and quark-gluon plasma medium
journal, August 2016

The open science grid
journal, July 2007

Results of a systematic study of dijet suppression measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
journal, November 2012

Thermalization of gluons in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions by including three-body interactions in a parton cascade
journal, June 2005

Measurement of $D^{0}$ Azimuthal Anisotropy at Midrapidity in $Au + Au$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 200 GeV$
journal, May 2017

Model and parameter dependence of heavy quark energy loss in a hot and dense medium
journal, June 2013

How much do heavy quarks thermalize in a heavy ion collision?
journal, June 2005

Hadronization by color bremsstrahlung
journal, February 1982

Pre-equilibrium evolution effects on heavy-ion collision observables
journal, June 2015

EPPS16: nuclear parton distributions with LHC data
journal, March 2017

Linearized Boltzmann transport model for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Heavy quark evolution
journal, July 2016

Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
journal, September 1999

Nuclear modification factor of D 0 mesons in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02 TeV$
journal, July 2018

Radiative energy loss of high energy quarks and gluons in a finite-volume quark-gluon plasma
journal, January 1997

Measurement of Prompt $D$ -Meson Production in $p − Pb$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$
journal, December 2014

Estimating the charm quark diffusion coefficient and thermalization time from $D$ meson spectra at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider
journal, October 2017

The Pilot Way to Grid Resources Using glideinWMS
conference, March 2009

Radiative Energy Loss in a Finite Dynamical QCD Medium
journal, July 2008

$D$ -Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Midcentral Pb-Pb Collisions at ${\sqrt{s}}_{N N} = 5.02 TeV$
journal, March 2018

Investigating the collision energy dependence of $η / s$ in the beam energy scan at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using Bayesian statistics
journal, April 2018

Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in QCD and radiative energy loss in a quark-gluon plasma
journal, April 1995

Diffusion of charmed quarks in the quark-gluon plasma
journal, May 1988

Fully quantum treatment of the Landau-Pomeranchik-Migdal effect in QED and QCD
journal, June 1996

Heavy Quark Jet Quenching with Collisional plus Radiative Energy Loss and Path Length Fluctuations
journal, February 2007

Heavy quark diffusion in QCD and 𝒩 = 4 SYM at next-to-leading order
journal, February 2008

Measurement of the $B^{\pm}$ Meson Nuclear Modification Factor in Pb-Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$
journal, October 2017

Nonperturbative Heavy-Quark Diffusion in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
journal, May 2008

Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions
journal, July 2015

Heavy and light flavor jet quenching at RHIC and LHC energies
journal, February 2018

nCTEQ15: Global analysis of nuclear parton distributions with uncertainties in the CTEQ framework
journal, April 2016

Monte-Carlo model for elastic energy loss in a hydrodynamical background
journal, August 2010

Jet-medium interactions at NLO in a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma
journal, March 2016

Production of charm quarks in a parton cascade model for relativistic heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV
journal, December 2017

Determining fundamental properties of matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, March 2014

Radiative parton processes in perturbative QCD: An improved version of the Gunion and Bertsch cross section from comparisons to the exact result
journal, July 2013

Heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient from lattice QCD
journal, January 2012

Dissipative hydrodynamics for viscous relativistic fluids
journal, March 2006

Effective kinetic theory for high temperature gauge theories
journal, January 2003

Measurement of Prompt $D^{0}$ Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Pb-Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 5.02 TeV$
journal, May 2018

The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, February 2016

Data-driven analysis for the temperature and momentum dependence of the heavy-quark diffusion coefficient in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, January 2018

Diffusion of charm quarks in jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
journal, September 2019

Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions
journal, June 2019

Modified Boltzmann approach for modeling the splitting vertices induced by the hot QCD medium in the deep Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal region
journal, December 2019

Factorization of Jet Cross Sections in Heavy-Ion Collisions
text, January 2019

Quarkonium In-Medium Transport Equation Derived from First Principles
text, January 2018

Quarkonium inside Quark-Gluon Plasma: Diffusion, Dissociation, Recombination and Energy Loss
text, January 2018