Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Experimental particle formation rates spanning tropospheric sulfuric acid and ammonia abundances, ion production rates, and temperatures

Abstract

Abstract Binary nucleation of sulfuric acid and water as well as ternary nucleation involving ammonia are thought to be the dominant processes responsible for new particle formation (NPF) in the cold temperatures of the middle and upper troposphere. Ions are also thought to be important for particle nucleation in these regions. However, global models presently lack experimentally measured NPF rates under controlled laboratory conditions and so at present must rely on theoretical or empirical parameterizations. Here with data obtained in the European Organization for Nuclear Research CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we present the first experimental survey of NPF rates spanning free tropospheric conditions. The conditions during nucleation cover a temperature range from 208 to 298 K, sulfuric acid concentrations between 5 × 10 5 and 1 × 10 9  cm −3 , and ammonia mixing ratios from zero added ammonia, i.e., nominally pure binary, to a maximum of ~1400 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). We performed nucleation studies under pure neutral conditions with zero ions being present in the chamber and at ionization rates of up to 75 ion pairs cm −3  s −1 to study neutral and ion‐induced nucleation. We found that the contribution from ion‐induced nucleation is small at temperatures betweenmore » 208 and 248 K when ammonia is present at several pptv or higher. However, the presence of charges significantly enhances the nucleation rates, especially at 248 K with zero added ammonia, and for higher temperatures independent of NH 3 levels. We compare these experimental data with calculated cluster formation rates from the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code with cluster evaporation rates obtained from quantum chemistry.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [8];  [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [4];  [12];  [4];  [9];  [1];  [13];  [4];  [4] more »;  [14];  [3];  [15];  [16];  [1];  [17];  [12];  [18];  [4]; ORCiD logo [19];  [8];  [4];  [1];  [9];  [20];  [21];  [22];  [17];  [23];  [8];  [24];  [25];  [26];  [10];  [8];  [27];  [4];  [1] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany
  2. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland, Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland, Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
  3. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany, Physics Department CERN Geneva Switzerland
  4. Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
  5. School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK, Atmospheric Research Centre of Eastern Finland Finnish Meteorological Institute Kuopio Finland
  6. Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland, Physics Department CERN Geneva Switzerland
  7. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
  8. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland
  9. Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria, Ionicon Analytik GmbH Innsbruck Austria
  10. Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
  11. Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
  12. Physics Department CERN Geneva Switzerland
  13. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany, Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
  14. Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
  15. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA, Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria
  16. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland, Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
  17. Solar and Cosmic Ray Research Laboratory Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow Russia
  18. Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland, Onera‐The French Aerospace Lab Palaiseau France
  19. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland, Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki Finland
  20. Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland, Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
  21. Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland, Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine California USA
  22. Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland, Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria, Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria
  23. SIM University of Lisbon and University of Beira Interior Lisbon Portugal
  24. Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research Leipzig Germany
  25. Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria
  26. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany, Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
  27. School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); European Union (EU)
OSTI Identifier:
1330276
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1330394; OSTI ID: 1425930
Grant/Contract Number:  
DE‐SC0014469; SC0014469; AGS1447056; AGS1439551; 1133872; 251007
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal Volume: 121 Journal Issue: 20; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Kürten, Andreas, Bianchi, Federico, Almeida, Joao, Kupiainen‐Määttä, Oona, Dunne, Eimear M., Duplissy, Jonathan, Williamson, Christina, Barmet, Peter, Breitenlechner, Martin, Dommen, Josef, Donahue, Neil M., Flagan, Richard C., Franchin, Alessandro, Gordon, Hamish, Hakala, Jani, Hansel, Armin, Heinritzi, Martin, Ickes, Luisa, Jokinen, Tuija, Kangasluoma, Juha, Kim, Jaeseok, Kirkby, Jasper, Kupc, Agnieszka, Lehtipalo, Katrianne, Leiminger, Markus, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Onnela, Antti, Ortega, Ismael K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Praplan, Arnaud P., Riccobono, Francesco, Rissanen, Matti P., Rondo, Linda, Schnitzhofer, Ralf, Schobesberger, Siegfried, Smith, James N., Steiner, Gerhard, Stozhkov, Yuri, Tomé, António, Tröstl, Jasmin, Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios, Wagner, Paul E., Wimmer, Daniela, Ye, Penglin, Baltensperger, Urs, Carslaw, Ken, Kulmala, Markku, and Curtius, Joachim. Experimental particle formation rates spanning tropospheric sulfuric acid and ammonia abundances, ion production rates, and temperatures. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1002/2015JD023908.
Copy to clipboard
Kürten, Andreas, Bianchi, Federico, Almeida, Joao, Kupiainen‐Määttä, Oona, Dunne, Eimear M., Duplissy, Jonathan, Williamson, Christina, Barmet, Peter, Breitenlechner, Martin, Dommen, Josef, Donahue, Neil M., Flagan, Richard C., Franchin, Alessandro, Gordon, Hamish, Hakala, Jani, Hansel, Armin, Heinritzi, Martin, Ickes, Luisa, Jokinen, Tuija, Kangasluoma, Juha, Kim, Jaeseok, Kirkby, Jasper, Kupc, Agnieszka, Lehtipalo, Katrianne, Leiminger, Markus, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Onnela, Antti, Ortega, Ismael K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Praplan, Arnaud P., Riccobono, Francesco, Rissanen, Matti P., Rondo, Linda, Schnitzhofer, Ralf, Schobesberger, Siegfried, Smith, James N., Steiner, Gerhard, Stozhkov, Yuri, Tomé, António, Tröstl, Jasmin, Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios, Wagner, Paul E., Wimmer, Daniela, Ye, Penglin, Baltensperger, Urs, Carslaw, Ken, Kulmala, Markku, & Curtius, Joachim. Experimental particle formation rates spanning tropospheric sulfuric acid and ammonia abundances, ion production rates, and temperatures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023908
Copy to clipboard
Kürten, Andreas, Bianchi, Federico, Almeida, Joao, Kupiainen‐Määttä, Oona, Dunne, Eimear M., Duplissy, Jonathan, Williamson, Christina, Barmet, Peter, Breitenlechner, Martin, Dommen, Josef, Donahue, Neil M., Flagan, Richard C., Franchin, Alessandro, Gordon, Hamish, Hakala, Jani, Hansel, Armin, Heinritzi, Martin, Ickes, Luisa, Jokinen, Tuija, Kangasluoma, Juha, Kim, Jaeseok, Kirkby, Jasper, Kupc, Agnieszka, Lehtipalo, Katrianne, Leiminger, Markus, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Onnela, Antti, Ortega, Ismael K., Petäjä, Tuukka, Praplan, Arnaud P., Riccobono, Francesco, Rissanen, Matti P., Rondo, Linda, Schnitzhofer, Ralf, Schobesberger, Siegfried, Smith, James N., Steiner, Gerhard, Stozhkov, Yuri, Tomé, António, Tröstl, Jasmin, Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios, Wagner, Paul E., Wimmer, Daniela, Ye, Penglin, Baltensperger, Urs, Carslaw, Ken, Kulmala, Markku, and Curtius, Joachim. Thu . "Experimental particle formation rates spanning tropospheric sulfuric acid and ammonia abundances, ion production rates, and temperatures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023908.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1330276,
title = {Experimental particle formation rates spanning tropospheric sulfuric acid and ammonia abundances, ion production rates, and temperatures},
author = {Kürten, Andreas and Bianchi, Federico and Almeida, Joao and Kupiainen‐Määttä, Oona and Dunne, Eimear M. and Duplissy, Jonathan and Williamson, Christina and Barmet, Peter and Breitenlechner, Martin and Dommen, Josef and Donahue, Neil M. and Flagan, Richard C. and Franchin, Alessandro and Gordon, Hamish and Hakala, Jani and Hansel, Armin and Heinritzi, Martin and Ickes, Luisa and Jokinen, Tuija and Kangasluoma, Juha and Kim, Jaeseok and Kirkby, Jasper and Kupc, Agnieszka and Lehtipalo, Katrianne and Leiminger, Markus and Makhmutov, Vladimir and Onnela, Antti and Ortega, Ismael K. and Petäjä, Tuukka and Praplan, Arnaud P. and Riccobono, Francesco and Rissanen, Matti P. and Rondo, Linda and Schnitzhofer, Ralf and Schobesberger, Siegfried and Smith, James N. and Steiner, Gerhard and Stozhkov, Yuri and Tomé, António and Tröstl, Jasmin and Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios and Wagner, Paul E. and Wimmer, Daniela and Ye, Penglin and Baltensperger, Urs and Carslaw, Ken and Kulmala, Markku and Curtius, Joachim},
abstractNote = {Abstract Binary nucleation of sulfuric acid and water as well as ternary nucleation involving ammonia are thought to be the dominant processes responsible for new particle formation (NPF) in the cold temperatures of the middle and upper troposphere. Ions are also thought to be important for particle nucleation in these regions. However, global models presently lack experimentally measured NPF rates under controlled laboratory conditions and so at present must rely on theoretical or empirical parameterizations. Here with data obtained in the European Organization for Nuclear Research CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we present the first experimental survey of NPF rates spanning free tropospheric conditions. The conditions during nucleation cover a temperature range from 208 to 298 K, sulfuric acid concentrations between 5 × 10 5 and 1 × 10 9  cm −3 , and ammonia mixing ratios from zero added ammonia, i.e., nominally pure binary, to a maximum of ~1400 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). We performed nucleation studies under pure neutral conditions with zero ions being present in the chamber and at ionization rates of up to 75 ion pairs cm −3  s −1 to study neutral and ion‐induced nucleation. We found that the contribution from ion‐induced nucleation is small at temperatures between 208 and 248 K when ammonia is present at several pptv or higher. However, the presence of charges significantly enhances the nucleation rates, especially at 248 K with zero added ammonia, and for higher temperatures independent of NH 3 levels. We compare these experimental data with calculated cluster formation rates from the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code with cluster evaporation rates obtained from quantum chemistry.},
doi = {10.1002/2015JD023908},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
number = 20,
volume = 121,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023908
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 66 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Ternary nucleation of H 2 SO 4 , NH 3 , and H 2 O in the atmosphere
journal, November 1999

  • Korhonen, P.; Kulmala, M.; Laaksonen, A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D21
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900784

Evidence for the role of organics in aerosol particle formation under atmospheric conditions
journal, January 2010

  • Metzger, A.; Verheggen, B.; Dommen, J.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911330107

Critical cluster size cannot in practice be determined by slope analysis in atmospherically relevant applications
journal, November 2014

Acid-base chemical reaction model for nucleation rates in the polluted atmospheric boundary layer
journal, October 2012

  • Chen, M.; Titcombe, M.; Jiang, J.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210285109

On the composition of ammonia–sulfuric-acid ion clusters during aerosol particle formation
journal, January 2015

  • Schobesberger, S.; Franchin, A.; Bianchi, F.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-55-2015

Parametrization of the ion–polar molecule collision rate constant by trajectory calculations
journal, May 1982

  • Su, Timothy; Chesnavich, Walter J.
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.442828

Nucleation in the equatorial free troposphere: Favorable environments during PEM-Tropics
journal, March 1999

  • Clarke, A. D.; Eisele, F.; Kapustin, V. N.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D5
  • DOI: 10.1029/98JD02303

A study of new particle formation and growth involving biogenic and trace gas species measured during ACE 1
journal, July 1998

  • Weber, Rodney J.; McMurry, Peter H.; Mauldin, Lee
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 103, Issue D13
  • DOI: 10.1029/97JD02465

Impact of nucleation on global CCN
journal, January 2009

  • Merikanto, J.; Spracklen, D. V.; Mann, G. W.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-8601-2009

An Instrumental Comparison of Mobility and Mass Measurements of Atmospheric Small Ions
journal, March 2011

  • Ehn, Mikael; Junninen, Heikki; Schobesberger, Siegfried
  • Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2010.547890

Thermodynamics of the formation of sulfuric acid dimers in the binary (H 2 SO 4 –H 2 O) and ternary (H 2 SO 4 –H 2 O–NH 3 ) system
journal, January 2015

Experimental investigation of ion–ion recombination under atmospheric conditions
journal, January 2015

  • Franchin, A.; Ehrhart, S.; Leppä, J.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-7203-2015

The effect of trimethylamine on atmospheric nucleation involving H 2 SO 4
journal, January 2011

  • Erupe, M. E.; Viggiano, A. A.; Lee, S. -H.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-4767-2011

Bond Energies and Structures of Ammonia–Sulfuric Acid Positive Cluster Ions
journal, December 2011

  • Froyd, Karl D.; Lovejoy, Edward R.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 116, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp209908f

Particle Formation by Ion Nucleation in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere
journal, September 2003

Atmospheric New Particle Formation Enhanced by Organic Acids
journal, June 2004

New particle formation in the free troposphere: A question of chemistry and timing
journal, May 2016

Dependence of nucleation rates on sulfuric acid vapor concentration in diverse atmospheric locations
journal, January 2008

  • Kuang, C.; McMurry, P. H.; McCormick, A. V.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D10
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007JD009253

Numerical simulations of mixing conditions and aerosol dynamics in the CERN CLOUD chamber
journal, January 2012

  • Voigtländer, J.; Duplissy, J.; Rondo, L.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-2205-2012

Ultrafine aerosol formation via ion-mediated nucleation
journal, March 2000

  • Yu, Fangqun; Turco, Richard P.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 27, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999GL011151

Particle Size Magnifier for Nano-CN Detection
journal, March 2011

Computational Fluid Dynamics of a Cylindrical Nucleation Flow Reactor with Detailed Cluster Thermodynamics
journal, October 2012

  • Panta, Baradan; Glasoe, Walker A.; Zollner, Juliana H.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 116, Issue 41
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp302444y

New particle formation: Nucleation rates and spatial scales in the clean marine coastal environment
journal, May 1998

  • O'Dowd, Colin D.; Geever, Michael; Hill, Martin K.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 25, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1029/98GL01005

Laboratory studies of particle nucleation: Initial results for H 2 SO 4 , H 2 O, and NH 3 vapors
journal, October 1999

  • Ball, S. M.; Hanson, D. R.; Eisele, F. L.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D19
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900411

Amines are likely to enhance neutral and ion-induced sulfuric acid-water nucleation in the atmosphere more effectively than ammonia
journal, January 2008

  • Kurtén, T.; Loukonen, V.; Vehkamäki, H.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-8-4095-2008

Effects of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) on terrestrial vegetation: a review
journal, July 2003

Oxidation Products of Biogenic Emissions Contribute to Nucleation of Atmospheric Particles
journal, May 2014

Neutral molecular cluster formation of sulfuric acid–dimethylamine observed in real time under atmospheric conditions
journal, October 2014

  • Kürten, Andreas; Jokinen, Tuija; Simon, Mario
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1404853111

Frequent nucleation events at the high altitude station of Chacaltaya (5240 m a.s.l.), Bolivia
journal, February 2015

ATMOSPHERE: Enhanced: Air Pollution-Related Illness: Effects of Particles
journal, May 2005

Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation
journal, August 2011

  • Kirkby, Jasper; Curtius, Joachim; Almeida, João
  • Nature, Vol. 476, Issue 7361
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature10343

Dimethylamine and ammonia measurements with ion chromatography during the CLOUD4 campaign
journal, January 2012

  • Praplan, A. P.; Bianchi, F.; Dommen, J.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 5, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-5-2161-2012

Effects of amines on formation of sub-3 nm particles and their subsequent growth: MULTICOMPONENT NUCLEATION WITH AMINES
journal, January 2012

  • Yu, Huan; McGraw, Robert; Lee, Shan-Hu
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2011GL050099

Electrical charging changes the composition of sulfuric acid–ammonia/dimethylamine clusters
journal, January 2014

  • Ortega, I. K.; Olenius, T.; Kupiainen-Määttä, O.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-7995-2014

Molecular understanding of atmospheric particle formation from sulfuric acid and large oxidized organic molecules
journal, October 2013

  • Schobesberger, S.; Junninen, H.; Bianchi, F.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 43
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1306973110

Performance of diethylene glycol-based particle counters in the sub-3 nm size range
journal, January 2013

  • Wimmer, D.; Lehtipalo, K.; Franchin, A.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 6, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-6-1793-2013

Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
journal, January 2005

Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code: a flexible method for solution of the birth-death equations
journal, January 2012

  • McGrath, M. J.; Olenius, T.; Ortega, I. K.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-2345-2012

Direct Observations of Atmospheric Aerosol Nucleation
journal, February 2013

Adsorption of ammonia on treated stainless steel and polymer surfaces
journal, August 2013

Effect of ions on sulfuric acid-water binary particle formation: 2. Experimental data and comparison with QC-normalized classical nucleation theory: BINARY PARTICLE FORMATION EXPERIMENTS
journal, February 2016

  • Duplissy, J.; Merikanto, J.; Franchin, A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023539

Charged and total particle formation and growth rates during EUCAARI 2007 campaign in Hyytiälä
journal, January 2009

  • Manninen, H. E.; Nieminen, T.; Riipinen, I.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-4077-2009

Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations
journal, March 2004

Technical Note: Using DEG-CPCs at upper tropospheric temperatures
journal, January 2015

  • Wimmer, D.; Lehtipalo, K.; Nieminen, T.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-7547-2015

Contribution of sulfuric acid and oxidized organic compounds to particle formation and growth
journal, January 2012

  • Riccobono, F.; Rondo, L.; Sipilä, M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-9427-2012

Amine exchange into ammonium bisulfate and ammonium nitrate nuclei
journal, January 2010

  • Bzdek, B. R.; Ridge, D. P.; Johnston, M. V.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-3495-2010

Global ammonia distribution derived from infrared satellite observations
journal, June 2009

  • Clarisse, Lieven; Clerbaux, Cathy; Dentener, Frank
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 2, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo551

A Preliminary study of the effect of ammonia on particle nucleation in the marine boundary layer
journal, January 1995

  • Coffman, Derek J.; Hegg, Dean. A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, Issue D4
  • DOI: 10.1029/94JD03253

Global atmospheric particle formation from CERN CLOUD measurements
journal, October 2016

Comparing simulated and experimental molecular cluster distributions
journal, January 2013

  • Olenius, Tinja; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona
  • Faraday Discussions, Vol. 165
  • DOI: 10.1039/C3FD00031A

Atmospheric ion-induced nucleation of sulfuric acid and water
journal, January 2004

A high-resolution mass spectrometer to measure atmospheric ion composition
journal, January 2010

  • Junninen, H.; Ehn, M.; Petäjä, T.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 3, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-3-1039-2010

In situ observations of new particle formation in the tropical upper troposphere: the role of clouds and the nucleation mechanism
journal, January 2011

  • Weigel, R.; Borrmann, S.; Kazil, J.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-9983-2011

Influence of aerosol lifetime on the interpretation of nucleation experiments with respect to the first nucleation theorem
journal, January 2013

Performance of a corona ion source for measurement of sulfuric acid by chemical ionization mass spectrometry
journal, January 2011

  • Kürten, A.; Rondo, L.; Ehrhart, S.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 4, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-4-437-2011

Aerosol production and growth in the upper free troposphere
journal, October 2000

  • de Reus, M.; Ström, J.; Curtius, J.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 105, Issue D20
  • DOI: 10.1029/2000JD900382

Particle Formation in the Upper Tropical Troposphere: A Source of Nuclei for the Stratospheric Aerosol
journal, December 1995

On-line determination of ammonia at low pptv mixing ratios in the CLOUD chamber
journal, January 2012

  • Bianchi, F.; Dommen, J.; Mathot, S.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 5, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-5-1719-2012

Measurement of the Thermodynamics of the Hydrated Dimer and Trimer of Sulfuric Acid
journal, August 2006

  • Hanson, D. R.; Lovejoy, E. R.
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, Issue 31
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp062844w

From quantum chemical formation free energies to evaporation rates
journal, January 2012

  • Ortega, I. K.; Kupiainen, O.; Kurtén, T.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-225-2012

Ion-induced aerosol formation in a H2O-H2SO4 system—I. Extension of the classical theory and search for experimental evidence
journal, January 1985

Sulfuric acid nucleation: An experimental study of the effect of seven bases: Acid-base nucleation in a flow reactor
journal, March 2015

  • Glasoe, W. A.; Volz, K.; Panta, B.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022730

Sulfuric acid nucleation: power dependencies, variation with relative humidity, and effect of bases
journal, January 2012

  • Zollner, J. H.; Glasoe, W. A.; Panta, B.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-4399-2012

Communication: Kinetics of scavenging of small, nucleating clusters: First nucleation theorem and sum rules
journal, January 2015

  • Malila, Jussi; McGraw, Robert; Laaksonen, Ari
  • The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 142, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4905213

Comparison of the SAWNUC model with CLOUD measurements of sulphuric acid-water nucleation: MODELLING OF BINARY NUCLEATION
journal, October 2016

  • Ehrhart, Sebastian; Ickes, Luisa; Almeida, Joao
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023723

Measurement of prenucleation molecular clusters in the NH 3 , H 2 SO 4 , H 2 O system
journal, January 2002

Particle growth in the plumes of coal-fired power plants
journal, January 2002

Laboratory-measured H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O-NH 3 ternary homogeneous nucleation rates: Initial observations : H
journal, August 2009

  • Benson, David R.; Erupe, Mark E.; Lee, Shan-Hu
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1029/2009GL038728

O2+ as reagent ion in the PTR-MS instrument: Detection of gas-phase ammonia
journal, September 2007

  • Norman, Michael; Hansel, Armin; Wisthaler, Armin
  • International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 265, Issue 2-3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2007.06.010

Major contribution of neutral clusters to new particle formation at the interface between the boundary layer and the free troposphere
journal, January 2015

Characterisation of organic contaminants in the CLOUD chamber at CERN
journal, January 2014

  • Schnitzhofer, R.; Metzger, A.; Breitenlechner, M.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 7, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-7-2159-2014

Effect of Working Fluid on Sub-2 nm Particle Detection with a Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter
journal, January 2009

  • Iida, Kenjiro; Stolzenburg, Mark R.; McMurry, Peter H.
  • Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1080/02786820802488194

Observations of H 2 SO 4 and MSA during PEM-Tropics-A
journal, March 1999

  • Mauldin, R. L.; Tanner, D. J.; Heath, J. A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D5
  • DOI: 10.1029/98JD02612

Atmospheric Aerosols: Biogeochemical Sources and Role in Atmospheric Chemistry
journal, May 1997

A fibre-optic UV system for H2SO4 production in aerosol chambers causing minimal thermal effects
journal, August 2011

Stabilization of sulfuric acid dimers by ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine
journal, June 2014

  • Jen, Coty N.; McMurry, Peter H.; Hanson, David R.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021592

New Particle Formation in the Remote Troposphere: A Comparison of Observations at Various Sites
journal, February 1999

  • Weber, R. J.; McMurry, P. H.; Mauldin, R. L.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 26, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1029/1998GL900308

Hydration of Atmospherically Relevant Molecular Clusters: Computational Chemistry and Classical Thermodynamics
journal, March 2014

  • Henschel, Henning; Navarro, Juan C. Acosta; Yli-Juuti, Taina
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 118, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp500712y

Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid–amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere
journal, October 2013

  • Almeida, João; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Kürten, Andreas
  • Nature, Vol. 502, Issue 7471
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature12663

Diurnal and annual characteristics of particle mass and number concentrations in urban, rural and Arctic environments in Finland
journal, June 2003

Ion-induced nucleation of pure biogenic particles
journal, May 2016

  • Kirkby, Jasper; Duplissy, Jonathan; Sengupta, Kamalika
  • Nature, Vol. 533, Issue 7604
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature17953

New particle formation and ultrafine charged aerosol climatology at a high altitude site in the Alps (Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland)
journal, January 2010

  • Boulon, J.; Sellegri, K.; Venzac, H.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-9333-2010

Atmospheric sulphuric acid and aerosol formation: implications from atmospheric measurements for nucleation and early growth mechanisms
journal, January 2006

  • Sihto, S. -L.; Kulmala, M.; Kerminen, V. -M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-6-4079-2006

Significance of Ammonia in Growth of Atmospheric Nanoclusters
journal, October 2007

  • Torpo, Leena; Kurtén, Theo; Vehkamäki, Hanna
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 111, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp0741307

Tropospheric New Particle Formation and the Role of Ions
book, January 2008

Photolytic aerosol formation in SO2HNO2H2OAIR mixtures, with and without NH3
journal, September 1997

Calibration of a Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer for the Measurement of Gaseous Sulfuric Acid
journal, February 2012

  • Kürten, Andreas; Rondo, Linda; Ehrhart, Sebastian
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 116, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp212123n

Measured Atmospheric new Particle Formation Rates: Implications for Nucleation Mechanisms
journal, September 1996

  • Weber, R. J.; Marti, J. J.; McMURRY, P. H.
  • Chemical Engineering Communications, Vol. 151, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1080/00986449608936541
    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: