Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy
Abstract
Enabling ultra-high energy density rechargeable Li batteries would have widespread impact on society. But, the critical challenges of Li metal anodes (most notably cycle life and safety) remain unsolved. This is attributed to the evolution of Li metal morphology during cycling, which leads to dendrite growth and surface pitting. Herein, we present a comprehensive understanding of the voltage variations observed during Li metal cycling, which is directly correlated to morphology evolution through the use of operando video microscopy. A custom-designed visualization cell was developed to enable operando synchronized observation of Li metal electrode morphology and electrochemical behavior during cycling. A mechanistic understanding of the complex behavior of these electrodes is gained through correlation with continuum-scale modeling, which provides insight into the dominant surface kinetics. Our work provides a detailed explanation of (1) when dendrite nucleation occurs, (2) how those dendrites evolve as a function of time, (3) when surface pitting occurs during Li electrodissolution, (4) kinetic parameters that dictate overpotential as the electrode morphology evolves, and (5) how this understanding can be applied to evaluate electrode performance in a variety of electrolytes. Our results provide detailed insight into the interplay between morphology and the dominant electrochemical processes occurring on themore »
- Authors:
-
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States, Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1328970
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1334179
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- ACS Central Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: ACS Central Science Journal Volume: 2 Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2374-7943
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 25 ENERGY STORAGE
Citation Formats
Wood, Kevin N., Kazyak, Eric, Chadwick, Alexander F., Chen, Kuan-Hung, Zhang, Ji-Guang, Thornton, Katsuyo, and Dasgupta, Neil P. Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260.
Wood, Kevin N., Kazyak, Eric, Chadwick, Alexander F., Chen, Kuan-Hung, Zhang, Ji-Guang, Thornton, Katsuyo, & Dasgupta, Neil P. Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260
Wood, Kevin N., Kazyak, Eric, Chadwick, Alexander F., Chen, Kuan-Hung, Zhang, Ji-Guang, Thornton, Katsuyo, and Dasgupta, Neil P. Fri .
"Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260.
@article{osti_1328970,
title = {Dendrites and Pits: Untangling the Complex Behavior of Lithium Metal Anodes through Operando Video Microscopy},
author = {Wood, Kevin N. and Kazyak, Eric and Chadwick, Alexander F. and Chen, Kuan-Hung and Zhang, Ji-Guang and Thornton, Katsuyo and Dasgupta, Neil P.},
abstractNote = {Enabling ultra-high energy density rechargeable Li batteries would have widespread impact on society. But, the critical challenges of Li metal anodes (most notably cycle life and safety) remain unsolved. This is attributed to the evolution of Li metal morphology during cycling, which leads to dendrite growth and surface pitting. Herein, we present a comprehensive understanding of the voltage variations observed during Li metal cycling, which is directly correlated to morphology evolution through the use of operando video microscopy. A custom-designed visualization cell was developed to enable operando synchronized observation of Li metal electrode morphology and electrochemical behavior during cycling. A mechanistic understanding of the complex behavior of these electrodes is gained through correlation with continuum-scale modeling, which provides insight into the dominant surface kinetics. Our work provides a detailed explanation of (1) when dendrite nucleation occurs, (2) how those dendrites evolve as a function of time, (3) when surface pitting occurs during Li electrodissolution, (4) kinetic parameters that dictate overpotential as the electrode morphology evolves, and (5) how this understanding can be applied to evaluate electrode performance in a variety of electrolytes. Our results provide detailed insight into the interplay between morphology and the dominant electrochemical processes occurring on the Li electrode surface through an improved understanding of changes in cell voltage, which represents a powerful new platform for analysis.},
doi = {10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260},
journal = {ACS Central Science},
number = 11,
volume = 2,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 14 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Oct 14 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.6b00260
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