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Title: C4MIP – The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project: Experimental protocol for CMIP6

Abstract

Coordinated experimental design and implementation has become a cornerstone of global climate modelling. Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) enable systematic and robust analysis of results across many models, by reducing the influence of ad hoc differences in model set-up or experimental boundary conditions. As it enters its 6th phase, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) has grown significantly in scope with the design and documentation of individual simulations delegated to individual climate science communities. The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP) takes responsibility for design, documentation, and analysis of carbon cycle feedbacks and interactions in climate simulations. These feedbacks are potentially large and play a leading-order contribution in determining the atmospheric composition in response to human emissions of CO2 and in the setting of emissions targets to stabilize climate or avoid dangerous climate change. For over a decade, C4MIP has coordinated coupled climate–carbon cycle simulations, and in this paper we describe the C4MIP simulations that will be formally part of CMIP6. While the climate–carbon cycle community has created this experimental design, the simulations also fit within the wider CMIP activity, conform to some common standards including documentation and diagnostic requests, and are designed to complement the CMIP core experiments knownmore » as the Diagnostic, Evaluation and Characterization of Klima (DECK). C4MIP has three key strands of scientific motivation and the requested simulations are designed to satisfy their needs: (1) pre-industrial and historical simulations (formally part of the common set of CMIP6 experiments) to enable model evaluation, (2) idealized coupled and partially coupled simulations with 1 % per year increases in CO2 to enable diagnosis of feedback strength and its components, (3) future scenario simulations to project how the Earth system will respond to anthropogenic activity over the 21st century and beyond. This paper documents in detail these simulations, explains their rationale and planned analysis, and describes how to set up and run the simulations. Particular attention is paid to boundary conditions, input data, and requested output diagnostics. It is important that modelling groups participating in C4MIP adhere as closely as possible to this experimental design.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [5];  [6];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [5];  [5];  [12];  [9]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Med Office Hadley Centre, Exeter (United Kingdom)
  2. Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Victoria (Canada)
  3. Univ. of Exeter, Exeter (United Kingdom)
  4. Univ. Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
  5. Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg (Germany)
  6. NOAA/GFDL, Princeton, NJ (United States)
  7. Imperial College, London (United Kingdom)
  8. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  9. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)
  10. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa (Japan)
  11. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  12. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1327771
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1379578
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Geoscientific Model Development (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Geoscientific Model Development (Online); Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1991-9603
Publisher:
European Geosciences Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Jones, Chris D., Arora, Vivek, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Bopp, Laurent, Brovkin, Victor, Dunne, John, Graven, Heather, Hoffman, Forrest, Ilyina, Tatiana, John, Jasmin G., Jung, Martin, Kawamiya, Michio, Koven, Charlie, Pongratz, Julia, Raddatz, Thomas, Randerson, James T., and Zaehle, Sonke. C4MIP – The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project: Experimental protocol for CMIP6. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.5194/gmd-9-2853-2016.
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Jones, Chris D., Arora, Vivek, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Bopp, Laurent, Brovkin, Victor, Dunne, John, Graven, Heather, Hoffman, Forrest, Ilyina, Tatiana, John, Jasmin G., Jung, Martin, Kawamiya, Michio, Koven, Charlie, Pongratz, Julia, Raddatz, Thomas, Randerson, James T., & Zaehle, Sonke. C4MIP – The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project: Experimental protocol for CMIP6. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2853-2016
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Jones, Chris D., Arora, Vivek, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Bopp, Laurent, Brovkin, Victor, Dunne, John, Graven, Heather, Hoffman, Forrest, Ilyina, Tatiana, John, Jasmin G., Jung, Martin, Kawamiya, Michio, Koven, Charlie, Pongratz, Julia, Raddatz, Thomas, Randerson, James T., and Zaehle, Sonke. Thu . "C4MIP – The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project: Experimental protocol for CMIP6". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2853-2016. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1327771.
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@article{osti_1327771,
title = {C4MIP – The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project: Experimental protocol for CMIP6},
author = {Jones, Chris D. and Arora, Vivek and Friedlingstein, Pierre and Bopp, Laurent and Brovkin, Victor and Dunne, John and Graven, Heather and Hoffman, Forrest and Ilyina, Tatiana and John, Jasmin G. and Jung, Martin and Kawamiya, Michio and Koven, Charlie and Pongratz, Julia and Raddatz, Thomas and Randerson, James T. and Zaehle, Sonke},
abstractNote = {Coordinated experimental design and implementation has become a cornerstone of global climate modelling. Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) enable systematic and robust analysis of results across many models, by reducing the influence of ad hoc differences in model set-up or experimental boundary conditions. As it enters its 6th phase, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) has grown significantly in scope with the design and documentation of individual simulations delegated to individual climate science communities. The Coupled Climate–Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP) takes responsibility for design, documentation, and analysis of carbon cycle feedbacks and interactions in climate simulations. These feedbacks are potentially large and play a leading-order contribution in determining the atmospheric composition in response to human emissions of CO2 and in the setting of emissions targets to stabilize climate or avoid dangerous climate change. For over a decade, C4MIP has coordinated coupled climate–carbon cycle simulations, and in this paper we describe the C4MIP simulations that will be formally part of CMIP6. While the climate–carbon cycle community has created this experimental design, the simulations also fit within the wider CMIP activity, conform to some common standards including documentation and diagnostic requests, and are designed to complement the CMIP core experiments known as the Diagnostic, Evaluation and Characterization of Klima (DECK). C4MIP has three key strands of scientific motivation and the requested simulations are designed to satisfy their needs: (1) pre-industrial and historical simulations (formally part of the common set of CMIP6 experiments) to enable model evaluation, (2) idealized coupled and partially coupled simulations with 1 % per year increases in CO2 to enable diagnosis of feedback strength and its components, (3) future scenario simulations to project how the Earth system will respond to anthropogenic activity over the 21st century and beyond. This paper documents in detail these simulations, explains their rationale and planned analysis, and describes how to set up and run the simulations. Particular attention is paid to boundary conditions, input data, and requested output diagnostics. It is important that modelling groups participating in C4MIP adhere as closely as possible to this experimental design.},
doi = {10.5194/gmd-9-2853-2016},
journal = {Geoscientific Model Development (Online)},
number = 8,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2853-2016
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Relation of C4MIP simulations to CMIP6 DECK and historical simulations and the ssp585 and ssp5-34-over future scenario simulation proposed for the ScenarioMIP. Note that at the time of preparing this manuscript the details of the SSP5-3.4-OS-Ext extension to 2300 are not available; hence, it could not be includedmore » in the figure, but it is still requested as a C4MIP tier-2 simulation.« less
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