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Title: Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates [Root exudates counteract mineral control on soil carbon turnover]

Abstract

Multiple lines of existing evidence suggest that climate change enhances root exudation of organic compounds into soils. Recent experimental studies show that increased exudate inputs may cause a net loss of soil carbon. This stimulation of microbial carbon mineralization ('priming') is commonly rationalized by the assumption that exudates provide a readily bioavailable supply of energy for the decomposition of native soil carbon (co-metabolism). Here we show that an alternate mechanism can cause carbon loss of equal or greater magnitude. We find that a common root exudate, oxalic acid, promotes carbon loss by liberating organic compounds from protective associations with minerals. By enhancing microbial access to previously mineral-protected compounds, this indirect mechanism accelerated carbon loss more than simply increasing the supply of energetically more favourable substrates. Our results provide insights into the coupled biotic-abiotic mechanisms underlying the 'priming' phenomenon and challenge the assumption that mineral-associated carbon is protected from microbial cycling over millennial timescales.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [5]
  1. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of Western Australia, Western Australia (Australia)
  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  5. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States); Leibnitz-Zentrum fur Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF), Muncheberg (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1313557
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1512149
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-644153
Journal ID: ISSN 1758-678X
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Climate Change
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1758-678X
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 58 GEOSCIENCES; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Keiluweit, Marco, Bougoure, Jeremy J., Nico, Peter S., Pett-Ridge, Jennifer, Weber, Peter K., and Kleber, Markus. Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates [Root exudates counteract mineral control on soil carbon turnover]. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1038/nclimate2580.
Keiluweit, Marco, Bougoure, Jeremy J., Nico, Peter S., Pett-Ridge, Jennifer, Weber, Peter K., & Kleber, Markus. Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates [Root exudates counteract mineral control on soil carbon turnover]. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2580
Keiluweit, Marco, Bougoure, Jeremy J., Nico, Peter S., Pett-Ridge, Jennifer, Weber, Peter K., and Kleber, Markus. Mon . "Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates [Root exudates counteract mineral control on soil carbon turnover]". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2580. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1313557.
@article{osti_1313557,
title = {Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates [Root exudates counteract mineral control on soil carbon turnover]},
author = {Keiluweit, Marco and Bougoure, Jeremy J. and Nico, Peter S. and Pett-Ridge, Jennifer and Weber, Peter K. and Kleber, Markus},
abstractNote = {Multiple lines of existing evidence suggest that climate change enhances root exudation of organic compounds into soils. Recent experimental studies show that increased exudate inputs may cause a net loss of soil carbon. This stimulation of microbial carbon mineralization ('priming') is commonly rationalized by the assumption that exudates provide a readily bioavailable supply of energy for the decomposition of native soil carbon (co-metabolism). Here we show that an alternate mechanism can cause carbon loss of equal or greater magnitude. We find that a common root exudate, oxalic acid, promotes carbon loss by liberating organic compounds from protective associations with minerals. By enhancing microbial access to previously mineral-protected compounds, this indirect mechanism accelerated carbon loss more than simply increasing the supply of energetically more favourable substrates. Our results provide insights into the coupled biotic-abiotic mechanisms underlying the 'priming' phenomenon and challenge the assumption that mineral-associated carbon is protected from microbial cycling over millennial timescales.},
doi = {10.1038/nclimate2580},
journal = {Nature Climate Change},
number = 6,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Figures / Tables:

Table 1 Table 1: a) Exudate properties and their b) predicted and c) measured effect on microbial carbon-use efficiency (CUE) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

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Molecular and Microscopic Insights into the Formation of Soil Organic Matter in a Red Pine Rhizosphere
journal, August 2017


Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change
text, January 2019


Elevated moisture stimulates carbon loss from mineral soils by releasing protected organic matter
journal, November 2017


High organic inputs explain shallow and deep SOC storage in a long-term agroforestry system – Combining experimental and modeling approaches.
posted_content, April 2017

  • Cardinael, Rémi; Guenet, Bertrand; Chevallier, Tiphaine
  • Biogeosciences
  • DOI: 10.5194/bg-2017-125

Gone or just out of sight? The apparent disappearance of aromatic litter components in soils
posted_content, January 2016


Soil CO 2 efflux in an old-growth southern conifer forest ( Agathis australis ) – magnitude, components and controls
journal, January 2016


Constraining carbon and nutrient flows in soil with ecological stoichiometry
text, January 2019


Plant exudates improve the mechanical conditions for root penetration through compacted soils
journal, September 2017


More replenishment than priming loss of soil organic carbon with additional carbon input
journal, August 2018


Global subsoil organic carbon turnover times dominantly controlled by soil properties rather than climate
journal, August 2019


Spatial Heterogeneity of SOM Concentrations Associated with White-rot Versus Brown-rot Wood Decay
journal, October 2017


Root exudate metabolomes change under drought and show limited capacity for recovery
journal, August 2018


Optimizing rice plant photosynthate allocation reduces N2O emissions from paddy fields
journal, July 2016

  • Jiang, Yu; Huang, Xiaomin; Zhang, Xin
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep29333

Microbial respiration, but not biomass, responded linearly to increasing light fraction organic matter input: Consequences for carbon sequestration
journal, October 2016

  • Rui, Yichao; Murphy, Daniel V.; Wang, Xiaoli
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep35496

Root biomass and exudates link plant diversity with soil bacterial and fungal biomass
journal, April 2017

  • Eisenhauer, Nico; Lanoue, Arnaud; Strecker, Tanja
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep44641

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.