Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel
Abstract
Renewable and bio-based transportation fuel sources can lower the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. Here, we present an initial assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate (EEB) as a biofuel in terms of its performance as a fuel oxygenate and its persistence in the environment. EEB can be produced from ethanol and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a bacterial storage polymer that can be produced from non-food biomass and other organic feedstocks. The physicochemical properties of EEB and fuel-relevant properties of EEB-gasoline blends were measured, emissions of criteria pollutants from EEB as a gasoline additive in a production vehicle were evaluated, and fate and persistence of EEB in the environment were estimated. EEB solubility in water was 25.8 g/L, its Kow was 1.8, and its Henry's Law constant was 1.04 x 10-5 atm-m3/mole. The anti-knock index values for 5% and 20% v/v EEB-gasoline blends were 91.6 and 91.9, respectively. Reductions in fuel economy were consistent with the level of oxygenation, and criteria emissions were met by the vehicle operated over the urban dynamometer driving cycle (FTP 75). Predicted environmental persistence ranged from 15 d to 30 d which indicates that EEB is not likely to be a persistent organic pollutant. Combined, these results suggest a highmore »
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Feinberg School of Medicine
- Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States); Nevada State College, Henderson, NV (United States)
- Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)
- C/e-Solutions, Inc., Carmel, IN (United States)
- C/e-Solutions, Inc., Carmel, IN (United States); Vitruvian Energy, SPC, Seattle, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Fuels, Engines and Emissions Research Center (FEERC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1295149
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International; Journal ID: ISSN 0944-1344
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 09 BIOMASS FUELS; poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB); biofuels; criteria pollutants; fuel oxygenates; dynamometer; multimedia analysis; environmental persistence
Citation Formats
Storey, John M. E., Bunce, Michael P., Clarke, Edwina M., Edmonds, Jennifer W., Findlay, Robert H., Ritchie, Stephen M. C., Eyers, Laurent, McMurry, Zackery A., and Smoot, James C. Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7052-z.
Storey, John M. E., Bunce, Michael P., Clarke, Edwina M., Edmonds, Jennifer W., Findlay, Robert H., Ritchie, Stephen M. C., Eyers, Laurent, McMurry, Zackery A., & Smoot, James C. Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7052-z
Storey, John M. E., Bunce, Michael P., Clarke, Edwina M., Edmonds, Jennifer W., Findlay, Robert H., Ritchie, Stephen M. C., Eyers, Laurent, McMurry, Zackery A., and Smoot, James C. Tue .
"Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7052-z. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1295149.
@article{osti_1295149,
title = {Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel},
author = {Storey, John M. E. and Bunce, Michael P. and Clarke, Edwina M. and Edmonds, Jennifer W. and Findlay, Robert H. and Ritchie, Stephen M. C. and Eyers, Laurent and McMurry, Zackery A. and Smoot, James C.},
abstractNote = {Renewable and bio-based transportation fuel sources can lower the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. Here, we present an initial assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate (EEB) as a biofuel in terms of its performance as a fuel oxygenate and its persistence in the environment. EEB can be produced from ethanol and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a bacterial storage polymer that can be produced from non-food biomass and other organic feedstocks. The physicochemical properties of EEB and fuel-relevant properties of EEB-gasoline blends were measured, emissions of criteria pollutants from EEB as a gasoline additive in a production vehicle were evaluated, and fate and persistence of EEB in the environment were estimated. EEB solubility in water was 25.8 g/L, its Kow was 1.8, and its Henry's Law constant was 1.04 x 10-5 atm-m3/mole. The anti-knock index values for 5% and 20% v/v EEB-gasoline blends were 91.6 and 91.9, respectively. Reductions in fuel economy were consistent with the level of oxygenation, and criteria emissions were met by the vehicle operated over the urban dynamometer driving cycle (FTP 75). Predicted environmental persistence ranged from 15 d to 30 d which indicates that EEB is not likely to be a persistent organic pollutant. Combined, these results suggest a high potential for the use of EEB as a renewable fuel source.},
doi = {10.1007/s11356-016-7052-z},
journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research International},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Tue Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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