North American terrestrial CO2 uptake largely offset by CH4 and N2O emissions: toward a full accounting of the greenhouse gas budget
Abstract
The terrestrial ecosystems of North America have been identified as a sink of atmospheric CO2 though there is no consensus on the magnitude. However, the emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) may offset or even overturn the climate cooling effect induced by the CO2 sink. Using a coupled biogeochemical model, in this study, we have estimated the combined global warming potentials (GWP) of CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes in North American terrestrial ecosystems and quantified the relative contributions of environmental factors to the GWP changes during 1979–2010. The uncertainty range for contemporary global warming potential has been quantified by synthesizing the existing estimates from inventory, forward modeling, and inverse modeling approaches. Our “best estimate” of net GWP for CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes was₋0.50 ± 0.27 Pg CO2 eq/year (1 Pg=1015 g) in North American terrestrial ecosystems during 2001–2010. The emissions of CH4 and N2O from terrestrial ecosystems had offset about two thirds (73% ± 14%) of the land CO2 sink in the North American continent, showing large differences across the three countries, with offset ratios of 57% ± 8% in US, 83% ± 17 % in Canada and 329% ± 119 % in Mexico. Climate change andmore »
- Authors:
-
- Auburn Univ., AL (United States). International Center for Climate and Global Change Research and School of Forestry andWildlife Sciences
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Environmental Sciences Division
- North Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1293935
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NNX10AU06G; NNX11AD47G; DUKE-UN-07-SC-NICCR-1014
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Climatic Change
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 129; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0165-0009
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY; CO2; Greenhouse gas; North American terrestrial ecosystems
Citation Formats
Tian, Hanqin, Chen, Guangsheng, Lu, Chaoqun, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hayes, Daniel J., Ren, Wei, Pan, Shufen, Huntzinger, Deborah N., and Wofsy, Steven C. North American terrestrial CO2 uptake largely offset by CH4 and N2O emissions: toward a full accounting of the greenhouse gas budget. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1007/s10584-014-1072-9.
Tian, Hanqin, Chen, Guangsheng, Lu, Chaoqun, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hayes, Daniel J., Ren, Wei, Pan, Shufen, Huntzinger, Deborah N., & Wofsy, Steven C. North American terrestrial CO2 uptake largely offset by CH4 and N2O emissions: toward a full accounting of the greenhouse gas budget. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1072-9
Tian, Hanqin, Chen, Guangsheng, Lu, Chaoqun, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hayes, Daniel J., Ren, Wei, Pan, Shufen, Huntzinger, Deborah N., and Wofsy, Steven C. Fri .
"North American terrestrial CO2 uptake largely offset by CH4 and N2O emissions: toward a full accounting of the greenhouse gas budget". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1072-9. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1293935.
@article{osti_1293935,
title = {North American terrestrial CO2 uptake largely offset by CH4 and N2O emissions: toward a full accounting of the greenhouse gas budget},
author = {Tian, Hanqin and Chen, Guangsheng and Lu, Chaoqun and Xu, Xiaofeng and Hayes, Daniel J. and Ren, Wei and Pan, Shufen and Huntzinger, Deborah N. and Wofsy, Steven C.},
abstractNote = {The terrestrial ecosystems of North America have been identified as a sink of atmospheric CO2 though there is no consensus on the magnitude. However, the emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) may offset or even overturn the climate cooling effect induced by the CO2 sink. Using a coupled biogeochemical model, in this study, we have estimated the combined global warming potentials (GWP) of CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes in North American terrestrial ecosystems and quantified the relative contributions of environmental factors to the GWP changes during 1979–2010. The uncertainty range for contemporary global warming potential has been quantified by synthesizing the existing estimates from inventory, forward modeling, and inverse modeling approaches. Our “best estimate” of net GWP for CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes was₋0.50 ± 0.27 Pg CO2 eq/year (1 Pg=1015 g) in North American terrestrial ecosystems during 2001–2010. The emissions of CH4 and N2O from terrestrial ecosystems had offset about two thirds (73% ± 14%) of the land CO2 sink in the North American continent, showing large differences across the three countries, with offset ratios of 57% ± 8% in US, 83% ± 17 % in Canada and 329% ± 119 % in Mexico. Climate change and elevated tropospheric ozone concentration have contributed the most to GWP increase, while elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration have contributed the most to GWP reduction. Extreme drought events over certain periods could result in a positive GWP. By integrating the existing estimates, we have found a wide range of uncertainty for the combined GWP. In conclusion, from both climate change science and policy perspectives, it is necessary to integrate ground and satellite observations with models for a more accurate accounting of these three greenhouse gases in North America.},
doi = {10.1007/s10584-014-1072-9},
journal = {Climatic Change},
number = 3,
volume = 129,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Fri Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
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