Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

Zhang, Fan; Nemeth, Karoly; Bareno, Javier; Dogan, Fulya; Bloom, Ira D.; Shaw, Leon L.

doi:10.1039/c6ra03141b

Title: Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

Abstract

The feasibility of synthesizing functionalized h-BN (FBN) via the reaction between molten LiOH and solid h-BN is studied for the first time and its first ever application as an electrode material in Li-ion batteries is evaluated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to provide mechanistic understanding of the possible electrochemical reactions derived from the FBN. Various materials characterizations reveal that the melt-solid reaction can lead to exfoliation and functionalization of h-BN simultaneously, while electrochemical analysis proves that the FBN can reversibly store charges through surface redox reactions with good cycle stability and coulombic efficiency. As a result, the DFT calculations have provided physical insights into the observed electrochemical properties derived from the FBN.

Authors:

Zhang, Fan ^[1]; Nemeth, Karoly ^[2]; Bareno, Javier ^[3]; Dogan, Fulya ^[3]; Bloom, Ira D. ^[3]; Shaw, Leon L. ^[1]

Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
Illinois Inst. of Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Mar 03 00:00:00 EST 2016

Research Org.:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

OSTI Identifier:: 1253754

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: RSC Advances

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: 33; Journal ID: ISSN 2046-2069

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; functionalized boron nitride; lithium-ion battery; electrodes

Citation Formats


                    Zhang, Fan, Nemeth, Karoly, Bareno, Javier, Dogan, Fulya, Bloom, Ira D., and Shaw, Leon L. Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/c6ra03141b.

Copy to clipboard


                    Zhang, Fan, Nemeth, Karoly, Bareno, Javier, Dogan, Fulya, Bloom, Ira D., & Shaw, Leon L. Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03141b

Copy to clipboard


                    Zhang, Fan, Nemeth, Karoly, Bareno, Javier, Dogan, Fulya, Bloom, Ira D., and Shaw, Leon L. Thu .  
"Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03141b.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1253754.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1253754,

  title        = {Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries},

  author       = {Zhang, Fan and Nemeth, Karoly and Bareno, Javier and Dogan, Fulya and Bloom, Ira D. and Shaw, Leon L.},

  abstractNote = {The feasibility of synthesizing functionalized h-BN (FBN) via the reaction between molten LiOH and solid h-BN is studied for the first time and its first ever application as an electrode material in Li-ion batteries is evaluated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to provide mechanistic understanding of the possible electrochemical reactions derived from the FBN. Various materials characterizations reveal that the melt-solid reaction can lead to exfoliation and functionalization of h-BN simultaneously, while electrochemical analysis proves that the FBN can reversibly store charges through surface redox reactions with good cycle stability and coulombic efficiency. As a result, the DFT calculations have provided physical insights into the observed electrochemical properties derived from the FBN.},

  doi          = {10.1039/c6ra03141b},

  journal      = {RSC Advances},

  number       = 33,

  volume       = 6,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Mar 03 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Thu Mar 03 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03141b

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 23 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
journal, November 2001

Tarascon, J.-M.; Armand, M.
Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6861, p. 359-367
DOI: 10.1038/35104644

Novel transition-metal-free cathode for high energy and power sodium rechargeable batteries
journal, March 2014

Kim, Haegyeom; Park, Young-Uk; Park, Kyu-Young
Nano Energy, Vol. 4
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.12.009

Strong Oxidation Resistance of Atomically Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, January 2014

Li, Lu Hua; Cervenka, Jiri; Watanabe, Kenji
ACS Nano, Vol. 8, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/nn500059s

Energetic graphene oxide: Challenges and opportunities
journal, April 2012

Krishnan, Deepti; Kim, Franklin; Luo, Jiayan
Nano Today, Vol. 7, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2012.02.003

Reduced Graphene Oxide/Boron Nitride Composite Film as a Novel Binder-Free Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries with Enhanced Performances
journal, June 2015

Li, Hongling; Tay, Roland Yingjie; Tsang, Siu Hon
Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 166
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.109

Functionalization and Dispersion of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Nanosheets Treated with Inorganic Reagents
journal, January 2012

Nazarov, Albert S.; Demin, Viktor N.; Grayfer, Ekaterina D.
Chemistry - An Asian Journal, Vol. 7, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100710

Oxygen Radical Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, November 2012

Sainsbury, Toby; Satti, Amro; May, Peter
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, Issue 45
DOI: 10.1021/ja3080665

Scalable Exfoliation Process for Highly Soluble Boron Nitride Nanoplatelets by Hydroxide-Assisted Ball Milling
journal, January 2015

Lee, Dongju; Lee, Bin; Park, Kwang Hyun
Nano Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/nl504397h

Amine-functionalized boron nitride nanotubes
journal, June 2007

Ikuno, T.; Sainsbury, T.; Okawa, D.
Solid State Communications, Vol. 142, Issue 11, p. 643-646
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssc.2007.04.010

Dibromocarbene Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets: Toward Band Gap Manipulation and Nanocomposite Applications
journal, December 2014

Sainsbury, Toby; O’Neill, Arlene; Passarelli, Melissa K.
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 24
DOI: 10.1021/cm503475t

One-Step Exfoliation and Fluorination of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and a Study of Their Magnetic Properties
journal, March 2014

Du, Miao; Li, Xianlei; Wang, Aizhu
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 53, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308294

Exfoliation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Molten Hydroxides
journal, February 2013

Li, Xianlei; Hao, Xiaopeng; Zhao, Mingwen
Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204031

Soluble, Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, November 2009

Lin, Yi; Williams, Tiffany V.; Connell, John W.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/jz9002108

QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
journal, September 2009

Giannozzi, Paolo; Baroni, Stefano; Bonini, Nicola
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 21, Issue 39, Article No. 395502
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395502

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865

Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces
journal, April 2008

Perdew, John P.; Ruzsinszky, Adrienn; Csonka, Gábor I.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.136406

Ultrahigh energy density Li-ion batteries based on cathodes of 1D metals with –Li–N–B–N– repeating units in α-Li _x BN ₂ (1 ⩽ x ⩽ 3)
journal, August 2014

Németh, Károly
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 141, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4891868

Normal Modes in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
journal, June 1966

Geick, R.; Perry, C. H.; Rupprecht, G.
Physical Review, Vol. 146, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.146.543

Supercritical fluid processing: a rapid, one-pot exfoliation process for the production of surfactant-free hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets
journal, January 2015

Thangasamy, Pitchai; Sathish, Marappan
CrystEngComm, Vol. 17, Issue 31
DOI: 10.1039/C5CE00926J

High-field boron-11 magic-angle spinning NMR characterization of boron nitrides
journal, May 1991

Marchetti, Paul S.; Kwon, Daekeun; Schmidt, Wayde R.
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/cm00015a023

Vibrational Spectra of Vitreous B2O3.xH2O
journal, June 1960

Parsons, J. L.; Milberg, M. E.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 43, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1960.tb13661.x

Double-walled core-shell structured Si@SiO2@C nanocomposite as anode for lithium-ion batteries
journal, May 2014

Tao, Hua-Chao; Yang, Xue-Lin; Zhang, Lu-Lu
Ionics, Vol. 20, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-014-1138-8

Electrochemical Supercapacitors
book, January 1999

Conway, B. E.
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-3058-6

Graphene-Based Supercapacitor with an Ultrahigh Energy Density
journal, December 2010

Liu, Chenguang; Yu, Zhenning; Neff, David
Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1021/nl102661q

Stability and properties of the two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride monolayer functionalized by hydroxyl (OH) radicals: a theoretical study
journal, October 2013

Wang, Hong-mei; Liu, Yue-jie; Wang, Hong-xia
Journal of Molecular Modeling, Vol. 19, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2013-7

Li-intercalation into hexagonal boron nitride
journal, April 2010

Sumiyoshi, A.; Hyodo, H.; Kimura, K.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 71, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2009.12.038

Intercalation of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride by lithium
journal, January 2011

Altintas, B.; Parlak, C.; Bozkurt, C.
The European Physical Journal B, Vol. 79, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1140/epjb/e2010-10660-4

Facile and efficient exfoliation of inorganic layered materials using liquid alkali metal alloys
journal, January 2015

Feng, Hongbin; Hu, Zhongbo; Liu, Xiangfeng
Chemical Communications, Vol. 51, Issue 54
DOI: 10.1039/C5CC02625C

Reduced graphene oxide with superior cycling stability and rate capability for sodium storage
journal, June 2013

Wang, Yun-Xiao; Chou, Shu-Lei; Liu, Hua-Kun
Carbon, Vol. 57
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.01.064

Nitrogen-Doped Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Lithium Storage with Extremely High Capacity
journal, April 2012

Shin, Weon Ho; Jeong, Hyung Mo; Kim, Byung Gon
Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1021/nl3000908

Functionalized N-doped interconnected carbon nanofibers as an anode material for sodium-ion storage with excellent performance
journal, April 2013

Wang, Zhaohui; Qie, Long; Yuan, Lixia
Carbon, Vol. 55
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.12.072

Works referencing / citing this record:

Surface modification of hexagonal boron nitride nanomaterials: a review
journal, August 2017

Zheng, Zhuoyuan; Cox, McCord; Li, Bin
Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 53, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1472-0

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Simultaneous oxygen and boron trifluoride functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride: a designer cathode material for energy storage

Journal Article Németh, Károly - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts

Covalent functionalization is a way to tune the electrochemical properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayers. The wide bandgap insulator h-BN may become metallic conductor upon functionalization with strong oxidants, such as (fluorosulfonyl)oxy radicals (·OSO 2 F), as known since 1978 ( Bartlett et al in J Chem Soc Chem Commun 5:200, 1978), with electrical conductivity of 1.5 S/cm (Shen et al in J Solid State Chem 147:74, 1999) that greatly surpasses commercial cathode material Li x CoO 2 while retaining excellent ionic conductivity. Functionalized boron nitrides (FBN-s) have great potential for cathode applications in energy storage devices, for example,more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00214-018-2366-1
Engineering Nanostructured Interfaces of Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Based Materials for Enhanced Catalysis

Journal Article Chen, Hao ; Jiang, De-en ; Yang, Zhenzhen ; ... - Accounts of Chemical Research

Hexagonal boron nitrides (h-BNs) are attractive two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials that consist of alternating B and N atoms and layered honeycomb-like structures similar to graphene. They have exhibited unique properties and promising application potentials in the field of energy storage and transformation. Recent advances in utilizing h-BN as a metal-free catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane have triggered broad interests in exploring h-BN in catalysis. However, h-BN-based materials as robust nanocatalysts in heterogeneous catalysis are still underexplored because of the limited methodologies capable of affording h-BN with controllable crystallinity, abundant porosity, high purity, and defect engineering, which played important rolesmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00564

Full Text Available
Interplay of cation and anion redox in Li₄Mn₂O₅ cathode material and prediction of improved Li₄(Mn,M)₂O₅ electrodes for Li-ion batteries

Journal Article Yao, Zhenpeng ; Kim, Soo ; He, Jiangang ; ... - Science Advances

Significant research effort has focused on improving the specific energy of lithium-ion batteries for emerging applications, such as electric vehicles. Recently, a rock salt–type Li₄Mn₂O₅ cathode material with a large discharge capacity (~350 mA·hour g^–1) was discovered. However, a full structural model of Li₄Mn₂O₅ and its corresponding phase transformations, as well as the atomistic origins of the high capacity, warrants further investigation. We use first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate both the disordered rock salt–type Li₄Mn₂O₅ structure and the ordered ground-state structure. The ionic ordering in the ground-state structure is determined via a DFT-based enumeration method. We usemore »« less
Cited by 53
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao6754

Full Text Available
Role of defects in the process of graphene growth on hexagonal boron nitride from atomic carbon

Journal Article Dabrowski, J., E-mail: Dabrowski@ihp-microelectronics.com ; Lippert, G. ; Schroeder, T. ; ... - Applied Physics Letters

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is an attractive substrate for graphene, as the interaction between these materials is weak enough for high carrier mobility to be retained in graphene but strong enough to allow for some epitaxial relationship. We deposited graphene on exfoliated h-BN by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), we analyzed the atomistic details of the process by ab initio density functional theory (DFT), and we linked the DFT and MBE results by random walk theory. Graphene appears to nucleate around defects in virgin h-BN. The DFT analysis reveals that sticking of carbon to perfect h-BN is strongly reduced by desorption,more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901161
Designing Boron Nitride Islands in Carbon Materials for Efficient Electrochemical Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide

Journal Article Chen, Shucheng ; Chen, Zhihua ; Siahrostami, Samira ; ... - Journal of the American Chemical Society

Heteroatom-doped carbons have drawn increasing research interest as catalysts for various electrochemical reactions due to their unique electronic and surface structures. In particular, co-doping of carbon with boron and nitrogen has been shown to provide significant catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, limited experimental work has been done to systematically study these materials, and much remains to be understood about the nature of the active site(s), particularly with regards to the factors underlying the activity enhancements of these boron–carbon–nitrogen (BCN) materials. Herein, we prepare several BCN materials experimentally with a facile and controlled synthesis method, and systematically studymore »« less
Cited by 226
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b02798

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Experimental and theoretical investigations of functionalized boron nitride as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

Abstract

Citation Formats

Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries journal, November 2001

Novel transition-metal-free cathode for high energy and power sodium rechargeable batteries journal, March 2014

Strong Oxidation Resistance of Atomically Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets journal, January 2014

Energetic graphene oxide: Challenges and opportunities journal, April 2012

Reduced Graphene Oxide/Boron Nitride Composite Film as a Novel Binder-Free Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries with Enhanced Performances journal, June 2015

Functionalization and Dispersion of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Nanosheets Treated with Inorganic Reagents journal, January 2012

Oxygen Radical Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets journal, November 2012

Scalable Exfoliation Process for Highly Soluble Boron Nitride Nanoplatelets by Hydroxide-Assisted Ball Milling journal, January 2015

Amine-functionalized boron nitride nanotubes journal, June 2007

Dibromocarbene Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets: Toward Band Gap Manipulation and Nanocomposite Applications journal, December 2014

One-Step Exfoliation and Fluorination of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and a Study of Their Magnetic Properties journal, March 2014

Exfoliation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Molten Hydroxides journal, February 2013

Soluble, Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets journal, November 2009

QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials journal, September 2009

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal, October 1996

Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces journal, April 2008

Ultrahigh energy density Li-ion batteries based on cathodes of 1D metals with –Li–N–B–N– repeating units in α-Li x BN 2 (1 ⩽ x ⩽ 3) journal, August 2014

Normal Modes in Hexagonal Boron Nitride journal, June 1966

Supercritical fluid processing: a rapid, one-pot exfoliation process for the production of surfactant-free hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets journal, January 2015

High-field boron-11 magic-angle spinning NMR characterization of boron nitrides journal, May 1991

Vibrational Spectra of Vitreous B2O3.xH2O journal, June 1960

Double-walled core-shell structured Si@SiO2@C nanocomposite as anode for lithium-ion batteries journal, May 2014

Electrochemical Supercapacitors book, January 1999

Graphene-Based Supercapacitor with an Ultrahigh Energy Density journal, December 2010

Stability and properties of the two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride monolayer functionalized by hydroxyl (OH) radicals: a theoretical study journal, October 2013

Li-intercalation into hexagonal boron nitride journal, April 2010

Intercalation of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride by lithium journal, January 2011

Facile and efficient exfoliation of inorganic layered materials using liquid alkali metal alloys journal, January 2015

Reduced graphene oxide with superior cycling stability and rate capability for sodium storage journal, June 2013

Nitrogen-Doped Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Lithium Storage with Extremely High Capacity journal, April 2012

Functionalized N-doped interconnected carbon nanofibers as an anode material for sodium-ion storage with excellent performance journal, April 2013

Surface modification of hexagonal boron nitride nanomaterials: a review journal, August 2017

Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
journal, November 2001

Novel transition-metal-free cathode for high energy and power sodium rechargeable batteries
journal, March 2014

Strong Oxidation Resistance of Atomically Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, January 2014

Energetic graphene oxide: Challenges and opportunities
journal, April 2012

Reduced Graphene Oxide/Boron Nitride Composite Film as a Novel Binder-Free Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries with Enhanced Performances
journal, June 2015

Functionalization and Dispersion of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Nanosheets Treated with Inorganic Reagents
journal, January 2012

Oxygen Radical Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, November 2012

Scalable Exfoliation Process for Highly Soluble Boron Nitride Nanoplatelets by Hydroxide-Assisted Ball Milling
journal, January 2015

Amine-functionalized boron nitride nanotubes
journal, June 2007

Dibromocarbene Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets: Toward Band Gap Manipulation and Nanocomposite Applications
journal, December 2014

One-Step Exfoliation and Fluorination of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and a Study of Their Magnetic Properties
journal, March 2014

Exfoliation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Molten Hydroxides
journal, February 2013

Soluble, Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets
journal, November 2009

QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
journal, September 2009

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

Restoring the Density-Gradient Expansion for Exchange in Solids and Surfaces
journal, April 2008

Ultrahigh energy density Li-ion batteries based on cathodes of 1D metals with –Li–N–B–N– repeating units in α-Li _x BN ₂ (1 ⩽ x ⩽ 3)
journal, August 2014

Normal Modes in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
journal, June 1966

Supercritical fluid processing: a rapid, one-pot exfoliation process for the production of surfactant-free hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets
journal, January 2015

High-field boron-11 magic-angle spinning NMR characterization of boron nitrides
journal, May 1991

Vibrational Spectra of Vitreous B2O3.xH2O
journal, June 1960

Double-walled core-shell structured Si@SiO2@C nanocomposite as anode for lithium-ion batteries
journal, May 2014

Electrochemical Supercapacitors
book, January 1999

Graphene-Based Supercapacitor with an Ultrahigh Energy Density
journal, December 2010

Stability and properties of the two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride monolayer functionalized by hydroxyl (OH) radicals: a theoretical study
journal, October 2013

Li-intercalation into hexagonal boron nitride
journal, April 2010

Intercalation of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride by lithium
journal, January 2011

Facile and efficient exfoliation of inorganic layered materials using liquid alkali metal alloys
journal, January 2015

Reduced graphene oxide with superior cycling stability and rate capability for sodium storage
journal, June 2013

Nitrogen-Doped Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Lithium Storage with Extremely High Capacity
journal, April 2012

Functionalized N-doped interconnected carbon nanofibers as an anode material for sodium-ion storage with excellent performance
journal, April 2013

Surface modification of hexagonal boron nitride nanomaterials: a review
journal, August 2017