ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets
Abstract
The affordable, robust, compact (ARC) reactor is the product of a conceptual design study focused on reducing the size, cost, and complexity of a combined fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) and demonstration fusion Pilot power plant. ARC is a ~200–250 MWe tokamak reactor with a major radius of 3.3 m, a minor radius of 1.1 m, and an on-axis magnetic field of 9.2 T. ARC has rare earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) superconducting toroidal field coils, which have joints to enable disassembly. This enables the vacuum vessel to be replaced quickly, mitigating first wall survivability concerns, and permits a single device to test many vacuum vessel designs and divertor materials. The design point has a plasma fusion gain of Qp ≈ 13.6, yet is fully non-inductive, with a modest bootstrap fraction of only ~63%. Thus ARC offers a high power gain with relatively large external control of the current profile. This highly attractive combination is enabled by the ~23 T peak field on coil achievable with newly available REBCO superconductor technology. External current drive is provided by two innovative inboard RF launchers using 25 MW of lower hybrid and 13.6 MW of ion cyclotron fast wave power. The concluding efficientmore »
- Authors:
-
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1548312
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1252044
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-94ER54235; SC008435; FC02-93ER54186
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Fusion Engineering and Design
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0920-3796
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Compact pilot reactor; High magnetic field; Fusion nuclear science facility; Liquid immersion blanket; Superconducting joints; Tokamak; High-field launch
Citation Formats
Sorbom, B. N., Ball, J., Palmer, T. R., Mangiarotti, F. J., Sierchio, J. M., Bonoli, P., Kasten, C., Sutherland, D. A., Barnard, H. S., Haakonsen, C. B., Goh, J., Sung, C., and Whyte, D. G. ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.07.008.
Sorbom, B. N., Ball, J., Palmer, T. R., Mangiarotti, F. J., Sierchio, J. M., Bonoli, P., Kasten, C., Sutherland, D. A., Barnard, H. S., Haakonsen, C. B., Goh, J., Sung, C., & Whyte, D. G. ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.07.008
Sorbom, B. N., Ball, J., Palmer, T. R., Mangiarotti, F. J., Sierchio, J. M., Bonoli, P., Kasten, C., Sutherland, D. A., Barnard, H. S., Haakonsen, C. B., Goh, J., Sung, C., and Whyte, D. G. Tue .
"ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.07.008. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1548312.
@article{osti_1548312,
title = {ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets},
author = {Sorbom, B. N. and Ball, J. and Palmer, T. R. and Mangiarotti, F. J. and Sierchio, J. M. and Bonoli, P. and Kasten, C. and Sutherland, D. A. and Barnard, H. S. and Haakonsen, C. B. and Goh, J. and Sung, C. and Whyte, D. G.},
abstractNote = {The affordable, robust, compact (ARC) reactor is the product of a conceptual design study focused on reducing the size, cost, and complexity of a combined fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) and demonstration fusion Pilot power plant. ARC is a ~200–250 MWe tokamak reactor with a major radius of 3.3 m, a minor radius of 1.1 m, and an on-axis magnetic field of 9.2 T. ARC has rare earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) superconducting toroidal field coils, which have joints to enable disassembly. This enables the vacuum vessel to be replaced quickly, mitigating first wall survivability concerns, and permits a single device to test many vacuum vessel designs and divertor materials. The design point has a plasma fusion gain of Qp ≈ 13.6, yet is fully non-inductive, with a modest bootstrap fraction of only ~63%. Thus ARC offers a high power gain with relatively large external control of the current profile. This highly attractive combination is enabled by the ~23 T peak field on coil achievable with newly available REBCO superconductor technology. External current drive is provided by two innovative inboard RF launchers using 25 MW of lower hybrid and 13.6 MW of ion cyclotron fast wave power. The concluding efficient current drive provides a robust, steady state core plasma far from disruptive limits. ARC uses an all-liquid blanket, consisting of low pressure, slowly flowing fluorine lithium beryllium (FLiBe) molten salt. The liquid blanket is low-risk technology and provides effective neutron moderation and shielding, excellent heat removal, and a tritium breeding ratio ≥ 1.1. The large temperature range over which FLiBe is liquid permits an output blanket temperature of 900 K, single phase fluid cooling, and a high efficiency helium Brayton cycle, which allows for net electricity generation when operating ARC as a Pilot power plant.},
doi = {10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.07.008},
journal = {Fusion Engineering and Design},
number = C,
volume = 100,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 11
Spatiotemporal evolution of runaway electrons from synchrotron images in Alcator C-Mod
journal, October 2018
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The effect of background flow shear on gyrokinetic turbulence in the cold ion limit
journal, April 2019
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Dependence of alpha-particle-driven Alfvén eigenmode linear stability on device magnetic field strength and consequences for next-generation tokamaks
journal, March 2019
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On the size of tokamak fusion power plants
journal, February 2019
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Measurements of the Strain Dependence of Critical Current of Commercial REBCO Tapes at 15 T Between 4.2 and 40 K for High Field Magnets
journal, August 2019
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Neutron diagnostics for the physics of a high-field, compact, $Q\geq1$ tokamak
preprint, January 2019
- Tinguely, R. A.; Rosenthal, A.; Simpson, R.
- arXiv
A high temperature W$_2$B cermet for compact neutron shielding
text, January 2019
- Athanasakis, Michail; Ivanov, Eugene; del Rio, Eduardo
- arXiv