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Title: Exploring theory space with Monte Carlo reweighting

Abstract

Theories of new physics often involve a large number of unknown parameters which need to be scanned. Additionally, a putative signal in a particular channel may be due to a variety of distinct models of new physics. This makes experimental attempts to constrain the parameter space of motivated new physics models with a high degree of generality quite challenging. We describe how the reweighting of events may allow this challenge to be met, as fully simulated Monte Carlo samples generated for arbitrary benchmark models can be effectively re-used. Specifically, we suggest procedures that allow more efficient collaboration between theorists and experimentalists in exploring large theory parameter spaces in a rigorous way at the LHC.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
  2. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
  3. Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
OSTI Identifier:
1226276
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-14-114-CD-T; IPMU-14-0100; PUB-14-114-CD-T
Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479; arXiv eprint number arXiv:1404.7129; TRN: US1500536
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2014; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479
Publisher:
Springer Berlin
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Monte Carlo Simulations; hadronic colliders

Citation Formats

Gainer, James S., Lykken, Joseph, Matchev, Konstantin T., Mrenna, Stephen, and Park, Myeonghun. Exploring theory space with Monte Carlo reweighting. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2014)078.
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Gainer, James S., Lykken, Joseph, Matchev, Konstantin T., Mrenna, Stephen, & Park, Myeonghun. Exploring theory space with Monte Carlo reweighting. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2014)078
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Gainer, James S., Lykken, Joseph, Matchev, Konstantin T., Mrenna, Stephen, and Park, Myeonghun. Mon . "Exploring theory space with Monte Carlo reweighting". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2014)078. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1226276.
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@article{osti_1226276,
title = {Exploring theory space with Monte Carlo reweighting},
author = {Gainer, James S. and Lykken, Joseph and Matchev, Konstantin T. and Mrenna, Stephen and Park, Myeonghun},
abstractNote = {Theories of new physics often involve a large number of unknown parameters which need to be scanned. Additionally, a putative signal in a particular channel may be due to a variety of distinct models of new physics. This makes experimental attempts to constrain the parameter space of motivated new physics models with a high degree of generality quite challenging. We describe how the reweighting of events may allow this challenge to be met, as fully simulated Monte Carlo samples generated for arbitrary benchmark models can be effectively re-used. Specifically, we suggest procedures that allow more efficient collaboration between theorists and experimentalists in exploring large theory parameter spaces in a rigorous way at the LHC.},
doi = {10.1007/JHEP10(2014)078},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},
number = ,
volume = 2014,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Mon Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2014)078
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margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Keung, Wai-Yee; Low, Ian; Shu, Jing</span> </li> <li> Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 9</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.091802" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.091802<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/018" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Towards establishing the spin of warped gravitons<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2008-10-01">October 2008</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Antipin, Oleg; Soni, Amarjit</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2008, Issue 10</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/018" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/018<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2011)027" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Improving the sensitivity of Higgs boson searches in the golden channel<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2011-11-01">November 2011</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Gainer, James S.; Kumar, Kunal; Low, Ian</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2011, Issue 11</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2011)027" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP11(2011)027<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2012)108" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Measuring Higgs $ \mathcal{C}\mathcal{P} $ and couplings with hadronic event shapes<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2012-06-01">June 2012</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Englert, Christoph; Spannowsky, Michael; Takeuchi, Michihisa</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 6</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2012)108" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP06(2012)108<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2012)043" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">The matrix element method at next-to-leading order<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2012-11-01">November 2012</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Campbell, John M.; Giele, Walter T.; Williams, Ciaran</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 11</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2012)043" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP11(2012)043<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2012)116" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Inadequacy of zero-width approximation for a light Higgs boson signal<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2012-08-01">August 2012</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Kauer, Nikolas; Passarino, Giampiero</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 8</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2012)116" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP08(2012)116<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.01.016" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Note on 125 GeV spin-2 particle<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2013-02-01">February 2013</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Geng, Chao-Qiang; Huang, Da; Tang, Yong</span> </li> <li> Physics Letters B, Vol. 719, Issue 1-3</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.01.016" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1016/j.physletb.2013.01.016<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2013)182" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Scrutinizing the Higgs signal and background in the 2e2μ golden channel<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2013-01-01">January 2013</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Chen, Yi; Tran, Nhan; Vega-Morales, Roberto</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 1</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2013)182" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP01(2013)182<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.041801" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Spherical Parametrization of the Higgs Boson Candidate<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2013-07-01">July 2013</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Gainer, James S.; Lykken, Joseph; Matchev, Konstantin T.</span> </li> <li> Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 4</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.041801" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.041801<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.11.054" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Probing the nature of the Higgs-like boson via <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd" xmlns:sa="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-aff/dtd"><mml:mi>h</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>V</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="script">F</mml:mi></mml:math> decays<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-01-01">January 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Isidori, Gino; Manohar, Aneesh V.; Trott, Michael</span> </li> <li> Physics Letters B, Vol. 728</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.11.054" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1016/j.physletb.2013.11.054<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2918-z" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Higgs spin determination in the WW channel and beyond<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-06-01">June 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Frank, Jessica; Rauch, Michael; Zeppenfeld, Dieter</span> </li> <li> The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 74, Issue 6</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2918-z" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2918-z<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2013)077" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Searching for new physics in the three-body decays of the Higgs-like particle<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2013-10-01">October 2013</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Grinstein, Benjamín; Murphy, Christopher W.; Pirtskhalava, David</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 10</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2013)077" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP10(2013)077<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X14500869" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">CP mixed property of the Higgs-like particle in the decay channel h→Z Z*→4l<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-05-30">May 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Sun, Yi; Wang, Xian-Fu; Gao, Dao-Neng</span> </li> <li> International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 29, Issue 15</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X14500869" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1142/S0217751X14500869<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2798-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Nonstandard Higgs couplings from angular distributions in $$h\rightarrow Z\ell ^+\ell ^-$$ h → Z ℓ + ℓ -<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-03-01">March 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Buchalla, Gerhard; Catà, Oscar; D’Ambrosio, Giancarlo</span> </li> <li> The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 74, Issue 3</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2798-2" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2798-2<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2014)057" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Extracting effective Higgs couplings in the golden channel<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-04-01">April 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Chen, Yi; Vega-Morales, Roberto</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 4</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2014)057" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP04(2014)057<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2014)060" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Bounding the Higgs width at the LHC using full analytic results for gg → e − e + μ − μ +<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-04-01">April 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Campbell, John M.; Ellis, R. Keith; Williams, Ciaran</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 4</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2014)060" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP04(2014)060<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.05.004" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">The h→4ℓ spectrum at low m34: Standard Model vs. light New Physics<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2014-06-01">June 2014</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> González-Alonso, Martín; Isidori, Gino</span> </li> <li> Physics Letters B, Vol. 733</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.05.004" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1016/j.physletb.2014.05.004<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.081803" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Study of the Mass and Spin-Parity of the Higgs Boson Candidate via Its Decays to <math display="inline"> <mi>Z</mi> </math> Boson Pairs<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2013-02-01">February 2013</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. 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font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2007-04-20">April 2007</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Collaboration, The CMS</span> </li> <li> Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 34, Issue 6</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/34/6/S01" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1088/0954-3899/34/6/S01<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.010" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Kinematic cusps: Determining the missing particle mass at colliders<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2010-10-01">October 2010</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Han, Tao; Kim, Ian-Woo; Song, Jeonghyeon</span> </li> <li> Physics Letters B, Vol. 693, Issue 5</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.010" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.010<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2005/07/033" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Contrasting supersymmetry and universal extra dimensions at the CLIC multi-TeV <em>e</em> <sup>+</sup> <em>e</em> <sup>−</sup> collider<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; 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font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2008-10-01">October 2008</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Burns, Michael; Kong, Kyoungchul; Matchev, Konstantin T.</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2008, Issue 10</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/081" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/081<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2006/02/042" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Measuring slepton spin at the LHC<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; 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font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2011-06-01">June 2011</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Konar, Partha; Kong, Kyoungchul; Matchev, Konstantin T.</span> </li> <li> Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2011, Issue 6</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2011)041" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1007/JHEP06(2011)041<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-container small"> <a class="pure-button prev page" href="#" rel="prev"><span class="sr-only">Previous Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-left"></span></a> <ul class="pagination d-inline-block" style="padding-left:.2em;"></ul> <a class="pure-button next page" href="#" rel="next"><span class="sr-only">Next Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a href="" class="reference-type-filter tab-nav" data-tab="biblio-references" data-filter="type" data-pattern="*"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> All References</a></li> <li class="small" style="margin-left:.75em; 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font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2016-12-01">December 2016</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Mattelaer, Olivier</span> </li> <li> The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 76, Issue 12</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4533-7" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4533-7<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-container small"> <a class="pure-button prev page" href="#" rel="prev"><span class="sr-only">Previous Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-left"></span></a> <ul class="pagination d-inline-block" style="padding-left:.2em;"></ul> <a class="pure-button next page" href="#" rel="next"><span class="sr-only">Next Page</span><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a href="" class="reference-type-filter tab-nav" data-filter="type" data-pattern="*"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> All Cited By</a></li> <li class="small" style="margin-left:.75em; 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float:none;">[ × clear filter / sort ]</a> </div> <input type="submit" id="sort_submit_citations" name="submit" aria-label="submit" style="display: none;"/> </form> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="biblio-related" class="tab-content tab-content-sec " data-tab="biblio"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-9 order-sm-9"> <section id="biblio-similar" class="tab-content tab-content-sec active" data-tab="related"> <div class="padding"> <p class="lead text-muted" style="font-size: 18px; margin-top:0px;">Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:</p> <aside> <ul class="item-list" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemList" style="padding-left:0; list-style-type: none;"> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="0" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1575243-xxviith-international-conference-supersymmetry-unification-fundamental-interactions-susy-final-report" itemprop="url">XXVIIth International Conference on Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY 2019) (Final Report)</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Technical Report</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Szczerbinska, Barbara</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"></span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">Supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of most elegant extensions of the Standard Model (SM) and explains the puzzles of the SM by providing a candidate to explain the dark matter content of the universe, allowing scientists to understand the origin of the electroweak scale requiring the top mass to be around 170 GeV and leading to the unification of forces at a grand unified scale. Further the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) predicts the Higgs boson mass to be less than 135 GeV. The discovery of the Higgs Boson with mass around 125 GeV at the LHC has provided a major<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> support to SUSY ideas. Searches for SUSY are ongoing at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Direct and indirect dark matter experiments are searching for a particle dark matter candidate which arises most naturally in SUSY models. Proton decay predicted by SUSY grand unified theories is being searched for at deep underground experiments. In addition, recent advances in neutrino and dark matter physics, observational astrophysics, precision cosmology and the promising new window into the cosmos opened by the direct detection of gravitational waves, have brought new ideas on the potential connections between new fundamental particles and our understanding of their impact on the early universe and its evolution. At present, the major questions include: Is SUSY still the best candidate for models beyond the SM? Do we have any well motivated alternative to SUSY? Have we exhausted all possibilities to search for new physics at high and low energy scales? XXVIIth International Conference on Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY 2019), hosted by Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi during May 20-24, 2019, provided a unique venue to discus and understand the status of SUSY, connection between particle physics and cosmology, supersymmetry and its alternative, Higgs sector, neutrino sector, flavor sector, dark matter, electroweak phase transition, astroparticle physics, gravitational waves and string theory. Discussion of results from the LHC, recent neutrino experiments and observations, direct and indirect dark matter detection experiments, detection of gravitational waves, data from particle colliders, as well as measurements of the CMB and Large Scale Structure were an integral part of SUSY 2019. To ensure the younger participants will benefit from the conference the most, the conference was preceded by the 4 day long pre-SUSY summer school for graduate students and postdocs. The invited speakers were leading scientists in the fields of SUSY interest. The school took place on Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi campus during the week prior the SUSY 2019 conference (May 15 – 18, 2019). Since its inception in 1993, SUSY has become one of the most important and widely attended international meetings in high energy physics, devoted to new ideas in fundamental particle physics. SUSY 2019 brought together approximately 250 scientists, theorists, phenomenologists, experimentalists and cosmologists, (including over 60 graduate students and 70 postdocs) representing 22 nations: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Peru, Portugal, Romania, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom and United States. SUSY 2019 provided a stimulating venue for the exchange of scientific ideas among experts in dark matter, neutrino physics, particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The following scientific topics were delivered during SUSY 2019 in form of 44 plenary talks and over 200 parallel talks: Unification of Forces; Electroweak, Top and Higgs Physics; Precision Calculations and MC tools; BSM in Flavor Physics; Neutrino Masses: Models and Phenomenology; Cosmology and Gravitational Waves; Dark Matter, Astroparticle Physics; Formal Field Theory and Strings; Alternatives to Supersymmetry; Quantum Information: Machine Learning/Big Data. 28 talks were given during the pre-SUSY program related to the following topics: Neutrino Physics; Big Data; Collider Physics & SUSY; String Phenomenology; Cosmology; Dark Matter; SUSY Models and Phenomenology</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.2172/1575243" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1575243" data-product-type="Technical Report" data-product-subtype="" >https://doi.org/10.2172/1575243</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1575243" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1575243" data-product-type="Technical Report" data-product-subtype="" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="1" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/5445057-its-version-integrated-tiger-series-coupled-electron-photon-monte-carlo-transport-codes" itemprop="url">ITS Version 3. 0: The integrated TIGER series of coupled electron/photon Monte Carlo transport codes</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Technical Report</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Halbleib, J A</span> ; <span class="author">Kensek, R P</span> ; <span class="author">Mehlhorn, T A</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"></span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">ITS is a powerful and user-friendly software package permitting state-of-the-art Monte Carlo solution of linear time-independent coupled electron/photon radiation transport problems, with or without the presence of macroscopic electric and magnetic fields of arbitrary spatial dependence. Our goal has been to simultaneously maximize operational simplicity and physical accuracy. Through a machine-portable utility that emulates the basic features of the CDC UPDATE processor, the user selects on of eight codes for running on a machine of one of at least four major vendors. The ease with which this utility is applied combines with an input scheme based on order-independent descriptive keywords<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> that makes maximum use of defaults and internal error checking to provide experimentalists and theorists alike with a method for the routine but rigorous solution of sophisticated radiation transport problems. Physical rigor is maximized by employing the best available cross sections and sampling distributions, and the most complete physical model for describing the production and transport of the electron/photon cascade from 1.0 GeV down to 1.0 keV. Feasibility of construction permits the more sophisticated user to tailor the codes to specific applications and to extend the capabilities of the codes to more complex applications through simple update procedures. Version 3.0, the latest version of ITS, contains major improvements to the physical model, additional variance reduction via both internal restructuring and new user options, and expanded input/output capabilities.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="2" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/10137162-its-version-integrated-tiger-series-coupled-electron-photon-monte-carlo-transport-codes" itemprop="url">ITS Version 3.0: The integrated TIGER series of coupled electron/photon Monte Carlo transport codes</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Technical Report</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Halbleib, J A</span> ; <span class="author">Kensek, R P</span> ; <span class="author">Mehlhorn, T A</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"></span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">ITS is a powerful and user-friendly software package permitting state-of-the-art Monte Carlo solution of linear time-independent coupled electron/photon radiation transport problems, with or without the presence of macroscopic electric and magnetic fields of arbitrary spatial dependence. Our goal has been to simultaneously maximize operational simplicity and physical accuracy. Through a machine-portable utility that emulates the basic features of the CDC UPDATE processor, the user selects on of eight codes for running on a machine of one of at least four major vendors. The ease with which this utility is applied combines with an input scheme based on order-independent descriptive keywords<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> that makes maximum use of defaults and internal error checking to provide experimentalists and theorists alike with a method for the routine but rigorous solution of sophisticated radiation transport problems. Physical rigor is maximized by employing the best available cross sections and sampling distributions, and the most complete physical model for describing the production and transport of the electron/photon cascade from 1.0 GeV down to 1.0 keV. Feasibility of construction permits the more sophisticated user to tailor the codes to specific applications and to extend the capabilities of the codes to more complex applications through simple update procedures. Version 3.0, the latest version of ITS, contains major improvements to the physical model, additional variance reduction via both internal restructuring and new user options, and expanded input/output capabilities.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="3" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/1406309-theoretical-research-high-energy-frontier-cosmology-beyond" itemprop="url">Theoretical Research at the High Energy Frontier: Cosmology and Beyond</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Technical Report</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Krauss, Lawrence M.</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"></span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">The forefront of particle physics has focused on possible physics beyond the standard model which might help explain its peculiarities, including the nature of the spectrum of masses of elementary particles, the peculiar hierarchy between the Planck scale and the electroweak scale, and the possible manner in which the standard model might be embedded in a quantum theory which incorporates gravity. Over the past several decades it has become clear that several of the key out-standing problems associated with our understanding of fundamental interactions are inextricably tied to questions that are also of current interest in cosmology and astrophysics. At<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> the same time, remarkable new data is being gathered that will allow empirical testing of theoretical ideas that have been around for a generation, from the discovery of the Higgs at the LHC to the possible detection of gravitational waves from Inflation at the GUT scale. The questions of the origin of mass, and possible grand unification are both tied to the possible existence of phase transitions in the early universe. Neutrino masses, as probed from astrophysical sources, may play a key role in elucidating the physics associated with the generation of baryon number. It is also possible that new physics at the electroweak scale may play a role in the nature of primordial cosmological magnetic fields. Low Energy Supersymmetry as a solution to the hierarchy problem can predict, besides events detectable at the LHC, stable weakly interacting particles that might make up the dark matter of the universe. The possible existence of large extra dimensions might also impact upon the hierarchy problem, but these could also dramatically affect our picture of the evolution of the Universe both at early times, and possibly on large scales. Inflation may depend upon new physics at the GUT scale, but its detection may now be imminent with the possible detection of a gravitational wave signature in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. Undoubtedly the most significant outstanding problem in high-energy physics is also a problem in cosmology, and indeed originated not from accelerators but from astrophysical observations: What is the origin and nature of the dark energy that appears to dominate the Universe? An understanding of quantum gravity, and perhaps a new understanding of quantum mechanics or quantum field theory may be required to fully address this problem. At the moment, the physics of black holes may provide the best opportunity to explore these issues, while the discovery of the Higgs suggests several new possible connections to physics that might be relevant for dark energy. Finally, pending confirmation of a gravitational wave signal from inflation, to date the only direct evidence for fundamental particle physics beyond the standard model comes, at least in part, from astrophysical neutrino observations. A remarkable convergence of theory, observation and experiment has been taking place that is allowing great strides to be made in our knowledge of the parameters that describe the universe, if not the origin of these parameters. Given the new discoveries now being made, and the incredible capabilities of future instruments, it is an exciting time to make progress in our fundamental understanding the origin and evolution of the Universe and the fundamental forces that guide that evolution. As a result, it is natural that our DOE theory research program at Arizona State University focuses in large part on the connections between particle physics and cosmology and astrophysics in order to improve our understanding of fundamental physics. Our areas of research cover all of the areas described above. Our group now consists of four faculty PI’s and their postdocs and students, complemented by long term visitor Frank Wilczek, and physics faculty colleagues Cecilia Lunardini, Richard Lebed, and Andrei Belitsky, whose interests overlap in areas ranging from particle theory and phenomenology to neutrino astrophysics. In addition, we interact with astronomers, and experimentalists in both Physics and the School of Earth and Space Exploration. In addition, Krauss and Parikh are associated, respectively, with the ASU Origins Project and the ASU Beyond Center. Both of these groups have helped us leverage DOE funds by supporting workshops associated with our activities from time to time. To continue the active program we have built up here, we are asking for support for 3 graduate students, and 3 postdocs (note that the PI will forego summer salary support in order to support one additional postdoc beyond the request in our last proposal for 2 postdocs). We have been fortunate to build a vibrant group based in part on University startup support for our program. Now that that support is coming to a close for most of our group, we are hoping that the exciting program we have created motivates continued DOE support at a level that, while not as great as the level we enjoyed with startup support, will nevertheless allow us to maintain our momentum.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.2172/1406309" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1406309" data-product-type="Technical Report" data-product-subtype="" >https://doi.org/10.2172/1406309</a></span></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc fulltext-link " href="/servlets/purl/1406309" title="Link to document media" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-ostiid="1406309" data-product-type="Technical Report" data-product-subtype="" >Full Text Available</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="4" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/5662350-reweighting-monte-carlo-monte-carlo-renormalization-group-studies" itemprop="url">Reweighting in Monte Carlo and Monte Carlo renormalization-group studies</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Muenger, E P</span> ; <span class="author">Novotny, M A</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Physical Review, B: Condensed Matter; (USA)</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">A method of reweighting Monte Carlo data to parameters other than the simulated ones is investigated. The method is also extended to include Monte Carlo renormalization-group simulations. Both single and multiple simulation reweighting is used. The models studied are the {ital d}=2 ferromagnetic {ital q}=3 Potts model and the {ital d}=2 antiferromagnetic Ising model. It is shown that the reweighting produces a systematic shift in the height and location of the specific-heat peak. This shift, which without proper care may lead to erroneous results, depends on the simulated and reweighted temperatures and on the number of configurations included in the<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> reweighting. Only for very large numbers of configurations does the shift decrease as the inverse square root of the number of configurations. Within the Monte Carlo renormalization-group study, it is shown that the critical exponents for the Ising model are determined more accurately from a multiple reweighting using one simulation below the critical temperature and one above than from the individual simulations. It is shown that it is more efficient to use two simulations at a time than all of them at once when reweighting multiple simulations.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink"><a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.43.5773" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="5662350" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="AC" >https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.43.5773</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> </ul> </aside> </div> </section> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a class="tab-nav disabled" data-tab="related" style="color: #636c72 !important; opacity: 1;"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> Similar Records</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </section> </div></div> </div> </div> </section> <footer class="" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;"> <div class="footer-minor"> <div class="container"> <hr class="footer-separator"/> <br/> <div class="col text-center mt-3"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal"> <ul class="pure-menu-list" id="footer-org-menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="https://energy.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-us-doe-min" alt="U.S. Department of Energy" /> </a> </li> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-office-of-science-min" alt="Office of Science" /> </a> </li> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="https://www.osti.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-osti-min" alt="Office of Scientific and Technical Information" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col text-center small" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom:2.0rem;"> <div class="row justify-content-center" style="color:white"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal" style='white-space:normal'> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="https://www.osti.gov/disclaim" class="pure-menu-link" target="_blank" ref="noopener noreferrer"><span class="fa fa-institution"></span> Website Policies <span class="d-none d-sm-inline d-print-none" style="color:#737373;">/ Important Links</span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item" style='float:none;'><a href="/pages/contact" class="pure-menu-link"><span class="fa fa-comments-o"></span>Contact Us</a></li> <li class="d-block d-md-none mb-1"></li> <li class="pure-menu-item" style='float:none;'><a target="_blank" title="Vulnerability Disclosure Program" class="pure-menu-link" href="https://doe.responsibledisclosure.com/hc/en-us" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vulnerability Disclosure Program</a></li> <li class="d-block d-lg-none mb-1"></li> <li class="pure-menu-item" style="float:none;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ostigov" target="_blank" class="pure-menu-link social ext fa fa-facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="sr-only" style="background-color: #fff; color: #333;">Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item" style="float:none;"><a href="https://twitter.com/OSTIgov" target="_blank" class="pure-menu-link social ext fa fa-twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="sr-only" style="background-color: #fff; color: #333;">Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item" style="float:none;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/ostigov" target="_blank" class="pure-menu-link social ext fa fa-youtube-play" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="sr-only" style="background-color: #fff; color: #333;">Youtube</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <link href="/pages/css/pages.fonts.240327.0205.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/pages/js/pages.240327.0205.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script defer src="/pages/js/pages.biblio.240327.0205.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script defer src="/pages/js/lity.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script async type="text/javascript" src="/pages/js/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=DOE" id="_fed_an_ua_tag"></script><noscript></noscript> </body> <!-- DOE PAGES v.240327.0205 --> </html>