Investigating wind turbine impacts on near-wake flow using profiling lidar data and large-eddy simulations with an actuator disk model
Abstract
In this study, wind turbine impacts on the atmospheric flow are investigated using data from the Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX-11) and large-eddy simulations (LESs) utilizing a generalized actuator disk (GAD) wind turbine model. CWEX-11 employed velocity-azimuth display (VAD) data from two Doppler lidar systems to sample vertical profiles of flow parameters across the rotor depth both upstream and in the wake of an operating 1.5 MW wind turbine. Lidar and surface observations obtained during four days of July 2011 are analyzed to characterize the turbine impacts on wind speed and flow variability, and to examine the sensitivity of these changes to atmospheric stability. Significant velocity deficits (VD) are observed at the downstream location during both convective and stable portions of four diurnal cycles, with large, sustained deficits occurring during stable conditions. Variances of the streamwise velocity component, σu, likewise show large increases downstream during both stable and unstable conditions, with stable conditions supporting sustained small increases of σu , while convective conditions featured both larger magnitudes and increased variability, due to the large coherent structures in the background flow. Two representative case studies, one stable and one convective, are simulated using LES with a GAD model at 6 mmore »
- Authors:
-
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1814084
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1225031
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-663261; NREL/JA-5000-65157
Journal ID: ISSN 1941-7012; 784842; TRN: US2213882
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; 1101284; AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1941-7012
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 17 WIND ENERGY; 42 ENGINEERING; LIDAR; wind turbines; automatic speech recognition systems; large eddy simulations; computer modeling
Citation Formats
Mirocha, Jeffrey D., Rajewski, Daniel A., Marjanovic, Nikola, Lundquist, Julie K., Kosović, Branko, Draxl, Caroline, and Churchfield, Matthew J. Investigating wind turbine impacts on near-wake flow using profiling lidar data and large-eddy simulations with an actuator disk model. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4928873.
Mirocha, Jeffrey D., Rajewski, Daniel A., Marjanovic, Nikola, Lundquist, Julie K., Kosović, Branko, Draxl, Caroline, & Churchfield, Matthew J. Investigating wind turbine impacts on near-wake flow using profiling lidar data and large-eddy simulations with an actuator disk model. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4928873
Mirocha, Jeffrey D., Rajewski, Daniel A., Marjanovic, Nikola, Lundquist, Julie K., Kosović, Branko, Draxl, Caroline, and Churchfield, Matthew J. Thu .
"Investigating wind turbine impacts on near-wake flow using profiling lidar data and large-eddy simulations with an actuator disk model". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4928873. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1814084.
@article{osti_1814084,
title = {Investigating wind turbine impacts on near-wake flow using profiling lidar data and large-eddy simulations with an actuator disk model},
author = {Mirocha, Jeffrey D. and Rajewski, Daniel A. and Marjanovic, Nikola and Lundquist, Julie K. and Kosović, Branko and Draxl, Caroline and Churchfield, Matthew J.},
abstractNote = {In this study, wind turbine impacts on the atmospheric flow are investigated using data from the Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX-11) and large-eddy simulations (LESs) utilizing a generalized actuator disk (GAD) wind turbine model. CWEX-11 employed velocity-azimuth display (VAD) data from two Doppler lidar systems to sample vertical profiles of flow parameters across the rotor depth both upstream and in the wake of an operating 1.5 MW wind turbine. Lidar and surface observations obtained during four days of July 2011 are analyzed to characterize the turbine impacts on wind speed and flow variability, and to examine the sensitivity of these changes to atmospheric stability. Significant velocity deficits (VD) are observed at the downstream location during both convective and stable portions of four diurnal cycles, with large, sustained deficits occurring during stable conditions. Variances of the streamwise velocity component, σu, likewise show large increases downstream during both stable and unstable conditions, with stable conditions supporting sustained small increases of σu , while convective conditions featured both larger magnitudes and increased variability, due to the large coherent structures in the background flow. Two representative case studies, one stable and one convective, are simulated using LES with a GAD model at 6 m resolution to evaluate the compatibility of the simulation framework with validation using vertically profiling lidar data in the near wake region. Virtual lidars were employed to sample the simulated flow field in a manner consistent with the VAD technique. Simulations reasonably reproduced aggregated wake VD characteristics, albeit with smaller magnitudes than observed, while σu values in the wake are more significantly underestimated. The results illuminate the limitations of using a GAD in combination with coarse model resolution in the simulation of near wake physics, and validation thereof using VAD data.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4928873},
journal = {Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy},
number = 4,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Aug 27 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Thu Aug 27 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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