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Title: 20 years of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak

Abstract

The object of this review is to summarize the achievements of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak [Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994) and Marmar, Fusion Sci. Technol. 51, 261 (2007)] and to place that research in the context of the quest for practical fusion energy. C-Mod is a compact, high-field tokamak, whose unique design and operating parameters have produced a wealth of new and important results since it began operation in 1993, contributing data that extends tests of critical physical models into new parameter ranges and into new regimes. Using only high-power radio frequency (RF) waves for heating and current drive with innovative launching structures, C-Mod operates routinely at reactor level power densities and achieves plasma pressures higher than any other toroidal confinement device. C-Mod spearheaded the development of the vertical-target divertor and has always operated with high-Z metal plasma facing components—approaches subsequently adopted for ITER. C-Mod has made ground-breaking discoveries in divertor physics and plasma-material interactions at reactor-like power and particle fluxes and elucidated the critical role of cross-field transport in divertor operation, edge flows and the tokamak density limit. C-Mod developed the I-mode and the Enhanced Dα H-mode regimes, which have high performance without largemore » edge localized modes and with pedestal transport self-regulated by short-wavelength electromagnetic waves. C-Mod has carried out pioneering studies of intrinsic rotation and demonstrated that self-generated flow shear can be strong enough in some cases to significantly modify transport. C-Mod made the first quantitative link between the pedestal temperature and the H-mode's performance, showing that the observed self-similar temperature profiles were consistent with critical-gradient-length theories and followed up with quantitative tests of nonlinear gyrokinetic models. RF research highlights include direct experimental observation of ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) mode-conversion, ICRF flow drive, demonstration of lower-hybrid current drive at ITER-like densities and fields and, using a set of novel diagnostics, extensive validation of advanced RF codes. Disruption studies on C-Mod provided the first observation of non-axisymmetric halo currents and non-axisymmetric radiation in mitigated disruptions. Lastly, a summary of important achievements and discoveries are included.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [6];  [6];  [8];  [6];  [1] more »;  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [9];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [10];  [1];  [11];  [12];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [7];  [6];  [1];  [13];  [1];  [1];  [14];  [15];  [1];  [16];  [17];  [18];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [19];  [1]; ORCiD logo [20];  [21];  [18];  [22];  [1];  [15];  [23];  [1];  [14];  [1];  [4];  [24];  [6];  [1];  [1];  [25];  [15];  [5];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [26];  [24];  [1];  [1];  [8];  [27];  [26];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [6];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [6] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  2. Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
  3. UCLA, Institute of Plasma and Fusion Research, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
  4. Fusion Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
  5. General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186, USA
  6. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
  7. Center for Momentum Transport and Flow Organization, UCSD, San Diego, California 92093, USA
  8. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
  9. Department of Physics and Technology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
  10. MPI for Plasma Physics, EURATOM Association, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
  11. Energetiq Technology, 7 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, USA
  12. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
  13. ORNL, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
  14. York University, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
  15. ITER Organization, 13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
  16. Block Engineering, 377 Simarano Dr., Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, USA
  17. UKAEA Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, OX14 3DB Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  18. MPI für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM-Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
  19. AllianceBernstein, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, USA
  20. Lodestar Research Corporation, 2400 Central Avenue P-5, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA
  21. Raytheon Co., 1151 E Hermans Rd., Tucson, Arizona 85756, USA
  22. McKinsey & Co., 110 Charles Street West, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1K9, Canada
  23. National Institute of Science and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
  24. LLNL, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550, USA
  25. GT Advanced Technologies, 243 Daniel Webster Highway, Merrimack, New Hampshire 03054, USA
  26. University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-033, Japan
  27. Facebook LLC, 1601 Willow Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
Contributing Org.:
Alcator Collaborators; C-Mod Team
OSTI Identifier:
1546775
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1224325
Grant/Contract Number:  
FC02-99ER54512; AC02-78ET-51013
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 21; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

Greenwald, M., Bader, A., Baek, S., Bakhtiari, M., Barnard, H., Beck, W., Bergerson, W., Bespamyatnov, I., Bonoli, P., Brower, D., Brunner, D., Burke, W., Candy, J., Churchill, M., Cziegler, I., Diallo, A., Dominguez, A., Duval, B., Edlund, E., Ennever, P., Ernst, D., Faust, I., Fiore, C., Fredian, T., Garcia, O., Gao, C., Goetz, J., Golfinopoulos, T., Granetz, R., Grulke, O., Hartwig, Z., Horne, S., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J., Hutchinson, I., Irby, J., Izzo, V., Kessel, C., LaBombard, B., Lau, C., Li, C., Lin, Y., Lipschultz, B., Loarte, A., Marmar, E., Mazurenko, A., McCracken, G., McDermott, R., Meneghini, O., Mikkelsen, D., Mossessian, D., Mumgaard, R., Myra, J., Nelson-Melby, E., Ochoukov, R., Olynyk, G., Parker, R., Pitcher, S., Podpaly, Y., Porkolab, M., Reinke, M., Rice, J., Rowan, W., Schmidt, A., Scott, S., Shiraiwa, S., Sierchio, J., Smick, N., Snipes, J. A., Snyder, P., Sorbom, B., Stillerman, J., Sung, C., Takase, Y., Tang, V., Terry, J., Terry, D., Theiler, C., Tronchin-James, A., Tsujii, N., Vieira, R., Walk, J., Wallace, G., White, A., Whyte, D., Wilson, J., Wolfe, S., Wright, G., Wright, J., Wukitch, S., and Zweben, S. 20 years of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4901920.
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Greenwald, M., Bader, A., Baek, S., Bakhtiari, M., Barnard, H., Beck, W., Bergerson, W., Bespamyatnov, I., Bonoli, P., Brower, D., Brunner, D., Burke, W., Candy, J., Churchill, M., Cziegler, I., Diallo, A., Dominguez, A., Duval, B., Edlund, E., Ennever, P., Ernst, D., Faust, I., Fiore, C., Fredian, T., Garcia, O., Gao, C., Goetz, J., Golfinopoulos, T., Granetz, R., Grulke, O., Hartwig, Z., Horne, S., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J., Hutchinson, I., Irby, J., Izzo, V., Kessel, C., LaBombard, B., Lau, C., Li, C., Lin, Y., Lipschultz, B., Loarte, A., Marmar, E., Mazurenko, A., McCracken, G., McDermott, R., Meneghini, O., Mikkelsen, D., Mossessian, D., Mumgaard, R., Myra, J., Nelson-Melby, E., Ochoukov, R., Olynyk, G., Parker, R., Pitcher, S., Podpaly, Y., Porkolab, M., Reinke, M., Rice, J., Rowan, W., Schmidt, A., Scott, S., Shiraiwa, S., Sierchio, J., Smick, N., Snipes, J. A., Snyder, P., Sorbom, B., Stillerman, J., Sung, C., Takase, Y., Tang, V., Terry, J., Terry, D., Theiler, C., Tronchin-James, A., Tsujii, N., Vieira, R., Walk, J., Wallace, G., White, A., Whyte, D., Wilson, J., Wolfe, S., Wright, G., Wright, J., Wukitch, S., & Zweben, S. 20 years of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901920
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Greenwald, M., Bader, A., Baek, S., Bakhtiari, M., Barnard, H., Beck, W., Bergerson, W., Bespamyatnov, I., Bonoli, P., Brower, D., Brunner, D., Burke, W., Candy, J., Churchill, M., Cziegler, I., Diallo, A., Dominguez, A., Duval, B., Edlund, E., Ennever, P., Ernst, D., Faust, I., Fiore, C., Fredian, T., Garcia, O., Gao, C., Goetz, J., Golfinopoulos, T., Granetz, R., Grulke, O., Hartwig, Z., Horne, S., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J., Hutchinson, I., Irby, J., Izzo, V., Kessel, C., LaBombard, B., Lau, C., Li, C., Lin, Y., Lipschultz, B., Loarte, A., Marmar, E., Mazurenko, A., McCracken, G., McDermott, R., Meneghini, O., Mikkelsen, D., Mossessian, D., Mumgaard, R., Myra, J., Nelson-Melby, E., Ochoukov, R., Olynyk, G., Parker, R., Pitcher, S., Podpaly, Y., Porkolab, M., Reinke, M., Rice, J., Rowan, W., Schmidt, A., Scott, S., Shiraiwa, S., Sierchio, J., Smick, N., Snipes, J. A., Snyder, P., Sorbom, B., Stillerman, J., Sung, C., Takase, Y., Tang, V., Terry, J., Terry, D., Theiler, C., Tronchin-James, A., Tsujii, N., Vieira, R., Walk, J., Wallace, G., White, A., Whyte, D., Wilson, J., Wolfe, S., Wright, G., Wright, J., Wukitch, S., and Zweben, S. Tue . "20 years of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901920. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1546775.
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@article{osti_1546775,
title = {20 years of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak},
author = {Greenwald, M. and Bader, A. and Baek, S. and Bakhtiari, M. and Barnard, H. and Beck, W. and Bergerson, W. and Bespamyatnov, I. and Bonoli, P. and Brower, D. and Brunner, D. and Burke, W. and Candy, J. and Churchill, M. and Cziegler, I. and Diallo, A. and Dominguez, A. and Duval, B. and Edlund, E. and Ennever, P. and Ernst, D. and Faust, I. and Fiore, C. and Fredian, T. and Garcia, O. and Gao, C. and Goetz, J. and Golfinopoulos, T. and Granetz, R. and Grulke, O. and Hartwig, Z. and Horne, S. and Howard, N. and Hubbard, A. and Hughes, J. and Hutchinson, I. and Irby, J. and Izzo, V. and Kessel, C. and LaBombard, B. and Lau, C. and Li, C. and Lin, Y. and Lipschultz, B. and Loarte, A. and Marmar, E. and Mazurenko, A. and McCracken, G. and McDermott, R. and Meneghini, O. and Mikkelsen, D. and Mossessian, D. and Mumgaard, R. and Myra, J. and Nelson-Melby, E. and Ochoukov, R. and Olynyk, G. and Parker, R. and Pitcher, S. and Podpaly, Y. and Porkolab, M. and Reinke, M. and Rice, J. and Rowan, W. and Schmidt, A. and Scott, S. and Shiraiwa, S. and Sierchio, J. and Smick, N. and Snipes, J. A. and Snyder, P. and Sorbom, B. and Stillerman, J. and Sung, C. and Takase, Y. and Tang, V. and Terry, J. and Terry, D. and Theiler, C. and Tronchin-James, A. and Tsujii, N. and Vieira, R. and Walk, J. and Wallace, G. and White, A. and Whyte, D. and Wilson, J. and Wolfe, S. and Wright, G. and Wright, J. and Wukitch, S. and Zweben, S.},
abstractNote = {The object of this review is to summarize the achievements of research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak [Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994) and Marmar, Fusion Sci. Technol. 51, 261 (2007)] and to place that research in the context of the quest for practical fusion energy. C-Mod is a compact, high-field tokamak, whose unique design and operating parameters have produced a wealth of new and important results since it began operation in 1993, contributing data that extends tests of critical physical models into new parameter ranges and into new regimes. Using only high-power radio frequency (RF) waves for heating and current drive with innovative launching structures, C-Mod operates routinely at reactor level power densities and achieves plasma pressures higher than any other toroidal confinement device. C-Mod spearheaded the development of the vertical-target divertor and has always operated with high-Z metal plasma facing components—approaches subsequently adopted for ITER. C-Mod has made ground-breaking discoveries in divertor physics and plasma-material interactions at reactor-like power and particle fluxes and elucidated the critical role of cross-field transport in divertor operation, edge flows and the tokamak density limit. C-Mod developed the I-mode and the Enhanced Dα H-mode regimes, which have high performance without large edge localized modes and with pedestal transport self-regulated by short-wavelength electromagnetic waves. C-Mod has carried out pioneering studies of intrinsic rotation and demonstrated that self-generated flow shear can be strong enough in some cases to significantly modify transport. C-Mod made the first quantitative link between the pedestal temperature and the H-mode's performance, showing that the observed self-similar temperature profiles were consistent with critical-gradient-length theories and followed up with quantitative tests of nonlinear gyrokinetic models. RF research highlights include direct experimental observation of ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) mode-conversion, ICRF flow drive, demonstration of lower-hybrid current drive at ITER-like densities and fields and, using a set of novel diagnostics, extensive validation of advanced RF codes. Disruption studies on C-Mod provided the first observation of non-axisymmetric halo currents and non-axisymmetric radiation in mitigated disruptions. Lastly, a summary of important achievements and discoveries are included.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4901920},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 11,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Tue Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}
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Works referenced in this record:

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Gas jet disruption mitigation studies on Alcator C-Mod
journal, October 2006

Central impurity toroidal rotation in ICRF heated Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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Wave-Induced Momentum Transport and Flow Drive in Tokamak Plasmas
journal, March 1999

Transport and drift-driven plasma flow components in the Alcator C-Mod boundary plasma
journal, January 2013

Divertor bypass in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, January 2001

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Low-to-high confinement transition simulations in divertor geometry
journal, May 2000

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Inter-ELM behaviour of the electron density and temperature pedestal in ASDEX Upgrade
journal, September 2010

Development of the gas puff charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (GP-CXRS) technique for ion measurements in the plasma edge
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Poloidal variation of high- Z impurity density due to hydrogen minority ion cyclotron resonance heating on Alcator C-Mod
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Edge profile stiffness and insensitivity of the density pedestal to neutral fuelling in Alcator C-Mod edge transport barriers
journal, August 2007

The Ar 17 + Ly α2 /Ly α1 ratio in Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas
journal, July 2011

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The ARIES-AT advanced tokamak, Advanced technology fusion power plant
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The effects of the scattering by edge plasma density fluctuations on lower hybrid wave propagation
journal, June 2013

ICRF heating in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
conference, January 1996

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Transport-driven Scrape-Off-Layer flows and the boundary conditions imposed at the magnetic separatrix in a tokamak plasma
journal, September 2004

Dimits Shift in Realistic Gyrokinetic Plasma-Turbulence Simulations
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Experimental and numerical characterization of ion-cyclotron heated protons on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Burst statistics in Alcator C-Mod SOL turbulence
journal, July 2013

Experimental investigation of transport phenomena in the scrape-off layer and divertor
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β limiting MHD activity and mode locking in Alcator C-Mod
journal, March 2002

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Observation of Self-Generated Flows in Tokamak Plasmas with Lower-Hybrid-Driven Current
journal, January 2009

Progress towards steady-state regimes in Alcator C-Mod
journal, October 2013

Scanning retarding field analyzer for plasma profile measurements in the boundary of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, March 2013

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Edge dimensionless identity experiment on DIII-D and Alcator C -Mod
journal, March 2003

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Pressure profile modification of internal transport barrier plasmas in Alcator C-Mod
journal, August 2003

Power requirements for superior H-mode confinement on Alcator C-Mod: experiments in support of ITER
journal, June 2011

Observations of core toroidal rotation reversals in Alcator C-Mod ohmic L-mode plasmas
journal, June 2011

Lower hybrid heating and current drive on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, September 2009

Heating tokamaks via the ion-cyclotron and ion-ion hybrid resonances
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Edge radial electric field structure and its connections to H-mode confinement in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
journal, May 2009

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Feasibility study for a correlation electron cyclotron emission turbulence diagnostic based on nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations
journal, September 2011

Comparison of heat flux measurements by IR thermography and probes in the Alcator C-Mod divertor
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Observation of Ion-Cyclotron-Frequency Mode-Conversion Flow Drive in Tokamak Plasmas
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Digital real-time plasma control system for Alcator C-Mod
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Disruptions in tokamaks
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Comparison of H-mode barrier width with a model of neutral penetration length
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Key ITER plasma edge and plasma–material interaction issues
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Study of volume recombination and radiation opacity effects in Alcator C-Mod
conference, January 1998

  • Terry, J. L.; Lipschultz, B.; Pigarov, A. Yu.
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Far-infrared polarimetry diagnostic for measurement of internal magnetic field dynamics and fluctuations in the C-MOD Tokamak (invited)
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Investigation of RF-enhanced plasma potentials on Alcator C-Mod
journal, July 2013

Disruptive tokamak density limit as scrape-off layer/divertor phenomenon
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Direct Observation of Ion-Bernstein-Wave-Induced Poloidal Flow in TFTR
journal, January 1999

Divertor IR thermography on Alcator C-Mod
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Velocity fields of edge/Scrape-Off-Layer turbulence in Alcator C-Mod
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Edge energy transport barrier and turbulence in the I-mode regime on Alcator C-Mod
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OSM-EIRENE modeling of neutral pressures in the Alcator C-Mod divertor
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Comparisons and physics basis of tokamak transport models and turbulence simulations
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Spontaneous core toroidal rotation in Alcator C-Mod L-mode, H-mode and ITB plasmas
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Reduction of edge localized mode intensity on DIII-D by on-demand triggering with high frequency pellet injection and implications for ITER
journal, August 2013

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Influence of boronization on the plasma performance in TEXTOR
journal, February 1989

Multi-machine scaling of the divertor peak heat flux and width for L-mode and H-mode discharges
journal, March 1999

Comparisons of small ELM H-Mode regimes on the Alcator C-Mod and JFT-2M tokamaks
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Double transport barrier experiments on Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2002

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  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 5
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Advances in lower hybrid current drive technology on Alcator C-Mod
journal, June 2013

First ohmic H modes in ALCATOR C-MOD
journal, July 1994

Helium concentration in tungsten nano-tendril surface morphology using Elastic Recoil Detection
journal, July 2013

Surface thermocouples for measurement of pulsed heat flux in the divertor of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Experimental measurements of ion cyclotron range of frequency minority-heated fast-ion distributions on Alcator C-Mod
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Transport and turbulence studies in the linear ohmic confinement regime in Alcator C-Mod
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Observations of counter-current toroidal rotation in Alcator C-Mod LHCD plasmas
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Density sensitivity of intrinsic rotation profiles in ion cyclotron range of frequency-heated L-mode plasmas
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In–out impurity density asymmetry in the pedestal region of Alcator C-Mod
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Stochastic Modeling of Intermittent Scrape-Off Layer Plasma Fluctuations
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Full wave simulations of fast wave mode conversion and lower hybrid wave propagation in tokamaks
journal, May 2004

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H-mode confinement in tokamaks
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New insights on boundary plasma turbulence and the quasi-coherent mode in Alcator C-Mod using a Mirror Langmuir Probe
journal, May 2014

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Investigation of lower hybrid physics through power modulation experiments on Alcator C-Mod
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On scrape off layer plasma transport
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Evidence for electromagnetic fluid drift turbulence controlling the edge plasma state in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Characterization of the onset of ion cyclotron parametric decay instability of lower hybrid waves in a diverted tokamak
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Verification and validation for magnetic fusion
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Modelling of ELM-averaged power exhaust on JET using the EDGE2D code with variable transport coefficients
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Ultrahigh resolution simulations of mode converted ion cyclotron waves and lower hybrid waves
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Non-local heat transport in Alcator C-Mod ohmic L-mode plasmas
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Numerical studies of edge localized instabilities in tokamaks
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External excitation of a short-wavelength fluctuation in the Alcator C-Mod edge plasma and its relationship to the quasi-coherent mode
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Validation in fusion research: Towards guidelines and best practices
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Production of internal transport barriers via self-generated mean flows in Alcator C-Mod
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A study of tungsten migration in the Alcator C-Mod divertor
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Reduction of core turbulence in I-mode plasmas in Alcator C-Mod
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Rotation and transport in Alcator C-Mod ITB plasmas
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Mitigation of radio frequency sheaths through magnetic field-aligned ICRF antenna design
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Fullwave Simulations of Lower Hybrid Waves Coupled to 3D Fokker-Planck Solver: Comparison with Alcator C-Mod Experiment
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L–H power threshold studies in JET with Be/W and C wall
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A new model of the L–H transition in tokamaks
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Mean and Oscillating Plasma Flows and Turbulence Interactions across the L − H Confinement Transition
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Multi-Mode transport modeling of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)
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The MDSplus data acquisition system, current status and future directions
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Observations of anomalous momentum transport in Alcator C-Mod plasmas with no momentum input
journal, February 2004

Detection of lower hybrid waves in the scrape-off layer of tokamak plasmas with microwave backscattering
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Intermittent fluctuations in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer
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Internal transport barriers on Alcator C-Mod
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X-ray observations of Ca 19 + , Ca 18 + and satellites from Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas
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Density limits in toroidal plasmas
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Microturbulent drift mode suppression as a trigger mechanism for internal transport barriers on Alcator C-Mod
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An assessment of ion temperature measurements in the boundary of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak and implications for ion fluid heat flux limiters
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X-ray observations of central toroidal rotation in ohmic Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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The quasi-coherent signature of enhanced D α H-mode in Alcator C-Mod
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Evidence of halo currents in JET
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A new look at density limits in tokamaks
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Observation of Anomalous Momentum Transport in Tokamak Plasmas with No Momentum Input
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Radial impurity transport in the H mode transport barrier region in Alcator C-Mod
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Zonal flow production in the L–H transition in Alcator C-Mod
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High confinement dissipative divertor operation on Alcator C-Mod
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Fluctuating zonal flows in the I-mode regime in Alcator C-Mod
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Diagnostic Systems on Alcator C-Mod
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High-resolution edge Thomson scattering measurements on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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MHD-Limits to Plasma Confinement
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Wave-Particle Studies in the Ion Cyclotron and Lower Hybrid Ranges of Frequencies in Alcator C-Mod
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Fast Ferrite ICRF Matching System on Alcator C-Mod
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  • RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: 17th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas, AIP Conference Proceedings
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Core Atomic Physics Studies in Alcator C-Mod
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Alcator C-Mod Design, Engineering, and Disruption Research
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Impurity-Induced Suppression of Core Turbulence and Transport in the DIII-D Tokamak
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Self-consistent full-wave and Fokker-Planck calculations for ion cyclotron heating in non-Maxwellian plasmas
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Rapid shutdown experiments with one and two gas jets on Alcator C-Mod
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ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets
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Electron Temperature Gradient Turbulence
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Scaling and transport analysis of divertor conditions on the Alcator C‐Mod tokamak
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Runaway electron confinement modelling for rapid shutdown scenarios in DIII-D, Alcator C-Mod and ITER
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RMP ELM suppression in DIII-D plasmas with ITER similar shapes and collisionalities
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Characterization of impurity confinement on Alcator C-Mod using a multi-pulse laser blow-off system
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ICRF specific impurity sources and plasma sheaths in Alcator C-Mod
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Characterization of enhanced Dα high-confinement modes in Alcator C -Mod
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Overview of experimental results and code validation activities at Alcator C-Mod
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Role of trapped electron mode turbulence in internal transport barrier control in the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak
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Scalings for tokamak energy confinement
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Fuel retention measurements in Alcator C-Mod using accelerator-based in situ materials surveillance
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Neutrals Studies on Alcator C-Mod
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Experimental studies of edge turbulence and confinement in Alcator C-Mod
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Physics of non-diffusive turbulent transport of momentum and the origins of spontaneous rotation in tokamaks
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Advances in measurement and modeling of the high-confinement-mode pedestal on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Observations and empirical scalings of the high-confinement mode pedestal on Alcator C-Mod
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Internal Transport Barriers in Alcator C-Mod
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X-ray observations of 2 l - nl ' transitions and configuration-interaction effects from Kr, Mo, Nb and Zr in near neon-like charge states from tokamak plasmas
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The Alcator C-Mod Program
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Experimental validation of similarity in high-temperature plasmas
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Hydrogenic retention with high-Z plasma facing surfaces in Alcator C-Mod
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Survey of ICRF heating experiments and enhanced performance modes in Alcator C-Mod
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Observation of Spontaneous Toroidal Rotation Inversion in Ohmically Heated Tokamak Plasmas
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First results from Alcator‐C‐MOD*
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Vacuum ultraviolet impurity spectroscopy on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Three-dimensional computation of drift Alfvén turbulence
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Wall scanning probe for high-field side plasma measurements on Alcator C-Mod
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Reactor similarity for plasma–material interactions in scaled-down tokamaks as the basis for the Vulcan conceptual design
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Suppression of turbulence and transport by sheared flow
journal, January 2000

Characterization of the pedestal in Alcator C-Mod ELMing H-modes and comparison with the EPED model
journal, April 2012

Effects of ICRF power on SOL density profiles and LH coupling during simultaneous LH and ICRF operation on Alcator C-Mod
journal, July 2013

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journal, December 2001

Obtaining reactor-relevant divertor conditions in tokamaks
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Edge turbulence imaging in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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ICRF mode conversion flow drive on Alcator C-Mod
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Full wave effects on the lower hybrid wave spectrum and driven current profile in tokamak plasmas
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Double transport barrier plasmas in Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2002

Neutral particle dynamics in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Visible imaging of turbulence in the SOL of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, March 2001

An international database for the study of the formation of ITBs in tokamaks
journal, April 2002

Review of Tokamak plasma heating by wave damping in the ion cyclotron range of frequency
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Critical gradients and plasma flows in the edge plasma of Alcator C-Mod
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Self-Acceleration of a Tokamak Plasma during Ohmic H Mode
journal, April 2000

Modeling far-field radio-frequency sheaths in Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2013

Edge Temperature Gradient as Intrinsic Rotation Drive in Alcator C -Mod Tokamak Plasmas
journal, May 2011

Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons
journal, June 1975

Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of massive gas injection into Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D plasmas
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H-mode power threshold reduction in a slot-divertor configuration on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, June 2012

Overview of Alcator C-Mod ICRF Experiments
conference, January 2003

  • Wukitch, S. J.
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Electron temperature fluctuations associated with the weakly coherent mode in the edge of I-mode plasmas
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Time dependent evolution of RF-generated non-thermal particle distributions in fusion plasmas
journal, March 2014

ICRF Performance with Metallic Plasma Facing Components in Alcator C-Mod
conference, January 2007

  • Wukitch, S. J.; Lin, Y.; Lipschultz, B.
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Effects of LHRF on toroidal rotation in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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Plasma wave simulation based on a versatile finite element method solver
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Scaling of the power exhaust channel in Alcator C-Mod
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Design, and initial experiment results of a novel LH launcher on Alcator C-Mod
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Waves in plasmas: Highlights from the past and present
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Pedestal structure and stability in H-mode and I-mode: a comparative study on Alcator C-Mod
journal, March 2013

Non-neoclassical up/down asymmetry of impurity emission on Alcator C-Mod
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Alcator DCT: Heat removal and impurity control in a proposed long pulse tokamak
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Variation of edge gradients with heat flux across L-H and H-L transitions in Alcator C-Mod
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Scaling of H-mode threshold power and L–H edge conditions with favourable ion grad- B drift in Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Ion cyclotron range of frequencies mode conversion electron heating in deuterium–hydrogen plasmas in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Observation and modelling of ion cyclotron range of frequencies waves in the mode conversion region of Alcator C-Mod
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Characteristics of type I ELM energy and particle losses in existing devices and their extrapolation to ITER
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Assessment of erosion of the ITER divertor targets during type I ELMs
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An in situ accelerator-based diagnostic for plasma-material interactions science on magnetic fusion devices
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Ohmic energy confinement saturation and core toroidal rotation reversal in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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X-ray observations of up-down impurity density asymmetries in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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Volume recombination and opacity in Alcator C-Mod divertor plasmas
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Control of internal transport barriers on Alcator C-Mod
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A study of molybdenum influxes and transport in Alcator C-Mod
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Improved understanding of physics processes in pedestal structure, leading to improved predictive capability for ITER
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An ITPA joint experiment to study runaway electron generation and suppression
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Impurity transport in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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Impurity transport, turbulence transitions and intrinsic rotation in Alcator C-Mod plasmas
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Observation of Edge Instability Limiting the Pedestal Growth in Tokamak Plasmas
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Residual parallel Reynolds stress due to turbulence intensity gradient in tokamak plasmas
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Numerical simulation of ion cyclotron waves in tokamak plasmas
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Absorption of lower hybrid waves in the scrape off layer of a diverted tokamak
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Momentum transport studies from multi-machine comparisons
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Scaling of density peaking in H-mode plasmas based on a combined database of AUG and JET observations
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Impurity compression and enrichment studies on Alcator C-Mod
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Investigation of the transport shortfall in Alcator C-Mod L-mode plasmas
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Effect of neutral transport on ITER divertor performance
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Experiences With Tungsten Plasma Facing Components in ASDEX Upgrade and JET
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Study of Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies Mode Conversion in the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak
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A review of zonal flow experiments
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High-confinement-mode edge stability of Alcator C-mod plasmas
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Scaling of the tokamak near the scrape-off layer H-mode power width and implications for ITER
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Edge x-ray imaging measurements of plasma edge in Alcator C-Mod
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Progress in tokamak research at MIT
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The dynamics and structure of edge-localized-modes in Alcator C-Mod
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Disruption mitigation on Alcator C-Mod using high-pressure gas injection: Experiments and modeling toward ITER
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Mirror Langmuir probe: A technique for real-time measurement of magnetized plasma conditions using a single Langmuir electrode
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Internal transport barriers in tokamak plasmas*
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Studies of turbulence and transport in Alcator C-Mod ohmic plasmas with phase contrast imaging and comparisons with gyrokinetic simulations
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Operation of Alcator C-Mod with high-Z plasma facing components and implications
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Impurity toroidal rotation and transport in Alcator C-Mod ohmic high confinement mode plasmas
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RF plasma edge interactions and their impact on ICRF antenna performance in Alcator C-Mod
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H mode confinement in Alcator C-Mod
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Numerical analysis of radio-frequency sheath-plasma interactions in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies
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Full wave simulation of lower hybrid waves in Maxwellian plasma based on the finite element method
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Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence
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Upgrade of reflectometry profile and fluctuation measurements in Alcator C-Mod
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Using mixed gases for massive gas injection disruption mitigation on Alcator C-Mod
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11th IAEA Technical Meeting on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers
journal, July 2008

Atomic processes in thermonuclear fusion plasmas
book, October 1993

Review of recent experimental and modeling progress in the lower hybrid range of frequencies at ITER relevant parameters
conference, January 2014

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Design of a New Optical System for Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Diagnostic
report, November 2009

Validation in Fusion Research: Towards Guidelines and Best Practices
text, January 2008

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    Universality of Poisson-driven plasma fluctuations in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer
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