Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model
Abstract
Predictive understanding of northern peatland hydrology is a necessary precursor to understanding the fate of massive carbon stores in these systems under the influence of present and future climate change. Current models have begun to address microtopographic controls on peatland hydrology, but none have included a prognostic calculation of peatland water table depth for a vegetated wetland, independent of prescribed regional water tables. We introduce here a new configuration of the Community Land Model (CLM) which includes a fully prognostic water table calculation for a vegetated peatland. Our structural and process changes to CLM focus on modifications needed to represent the hydrologic cycle of bogs environment with perched water tables, as well as distinct hydrologic dynamics and vegetation communities of the raised hummock and sunken hollow microtopography characteristic of peatland bogs. The modified model was parameterized and independently evaluated against observations from an ombrotrophic raised-dome bog in northern Minnesota (S1-Bog), the site for the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change experiment (SPRUCE). Simulated water table levels compared well with site-level observations. The new model predicts significant hydrologic changes in response to planned warming at the SPRUCE site. At present, standing water is commonly observed in bog hollowsmore »
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- USDA Forest Service, Grand Rapids, MN (United States). Northern Research Station
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1209488
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Biogeosciences Discussions (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Biogeosciences Discussions (Online); Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1810-6285
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES
Citation Formats
Shi, X., Thornton, P. E., Ricciuto, D. M., Hanson, P. J., Mao, J., Sebestyen, S. D., Griffiths, N. A., and Bisht, G. Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.5194/bgd-12-3381-2015.
Shi, X., Thornton, P. E., Ricciuto, D. M., Hanson, P. J., Mao, J., Sebestyen, S. D., Griffiths, N. A., & Bisht, G. Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-3381-2015
Shi, X., Thornton, P. E., Ricciuto, D. M., Hanson, P. J., Mao, J., Sebestyen, S. D., Griffiths, N. A., and Bisht, G. Fri .
"Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-3381-2015. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1209488.
@article{osti_1209488,
title = {Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model},
author = {Shi, X. and Thornton, P. E. and Ricciuto, D. M. and Hanson, P. J. and Mao, J. and Sebestyen, S. D. and Griffiths, N. A. and Bisht, G.},
abstractNote = {Predictive understanding of northern peatland hydrology is a necessary precursor to understanding the fate of massive carbon stores in these systems under the influence of present and future climate change. Current models have begun to address microtopographic controls on peatland hydrology, but none have included a prognostic calculation of peatland water table depth for a vegetated wetland, independent of prescribed regional water tables. We introduce here a new configuration of the Community Land Model (CLM) which includes a fully prognostic water table calculation for a vegetated peatland. Our structural and process changes to CLM focus on modifications needed to represent the hydrologic cycle of bogs environment with perched water tables, as well as distinct hydrologic dynamics and vegetation communities of the raised hummock and sunken hollow microtopography characteristic of peatland bogs. The modified model was parameterized and independently evaluated against observations from an ombrotrophic raised-dome bog in northern Minnesota (S1-Bog), the site for the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change experiment (SPRUCE). Simulated water table levels compared well with site-level observations. The new model predicts significant hydrologic changes in response to planned warming at the SPRUCE site. At present, standing water is commonly observed in bog hollows after large rainfall events during the growing season, but simulations suggest a sharp decrease in water table levels due to increased evapotranspiration under the most extreme warming level, nearly eliminating the occurrence of standing water in the growing season. Simulated soil energy balance was strongly influenced by reduced winter snowpack under warming simulations, with the warming influence on soil temperature partly offset by the loss of insulating snowpack in early and late winter. The new model provides improved predictive capacity for seasonal hydrological dynamics in northern peatlands, and provides a useful foundation for investigation of northern peatland carbon exchange.},
doi = {10.5194/bgd-12-3381-2015},
journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions (Online)},
number = 4,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Fri Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Vertical zonation of Sphagnum mosses along hummock-hollow gradients
journal, December 1983
- Andrus, Richard E.; Wagner, Daniel J.; Titus, John E.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 61, Issue 12
Improved simulation of poorly drained forests using Biome-BGC
journal, May 2007
- Bond-Lamberty, B.; Gower, S. T.; Ahl, D. E.
- Tree Physiology, Vol. 27, Issue 5
The carbon balance of North American wetlands
journal, December 2006
- Bridgham, Scott D.; Megonigal, J. Patrick; Keller, Jason K.
- Wetlands, Vol. 26, Issue 4
Soil Temperature and Nutrient Cycling in the Tussock Growth Form of Eriophorum Vaginatum
journal, March 1979
- Iii, F. Stuart Chapin; van Cleve, Keith; Chapin, Melissa C.
- The Journal of Ecology, Vol. 67, Issue 1
Distribution and Movement of Elements in Ombrotrophic Peat Bogs
journal, January 1978
- Damman, A. W. H.
- Oikos, Vol. 30, Issue 3
Modeling seasonal to annual carbon balance of Mer Bleue Bog, Ontario, Canada: MODELING PEATLAND CARBON BALANCE
journal, July 2002
- Frolking, Steve; Roulet, Nigel T.; Moore, Tim R.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 16, Issue 3
Land surface insulation response to snow depth variability
journal, January 2010
- Ge, Yan; Gong, Gavin
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, Issue D8
Northern Peatlands: Role in the Carbon Cycle and Probable Responses to Climatic Warming
journal, May 1991
- Gorham, Eville
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 1, Issue 2
Modelling contrasting responses of wetland productivity to changes in water table depth
journal, January 2012
- Grant, R. F.; Desai, A. R.; Sulman, B. N.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 9, Issue 11
A method for experimental heating of intact soil profiles for application to climate change experiments: EXPERIMENTAL HEATING OF INTACT SOIL PROFILES
journal, January 2011
- Hanson, Paul J.; Childs, Kenneth W.; Wullschleger, Stan D.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 17, Issue 2
A set of equations for full spectrum and 8- to 14-μm and 10.5- to 12.5-μm thermal radiation from cloudless skies
journal, April 1981
- Idso, Sherwood B.
- Water Resources Research, Vol. 17, Issue 2
High sensitivity of peat decomposition to climate change through water-table feedback
journal, October 2008
- Ise, Takeshi; Dunn, Allison L.; Wofsy, Steven C.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1, Issue 11
Species-Controlled Sphagnum Decay on a South Swedish Raised Bog
journal, June 1991
- Johnson, Loretta C.; Damman, Antoni W. H.
- Oikos, Vol. 61, Issue 2
Atmospheric Inputs of Mercury and Organic Carbon into a Forested Upland/Bog Watershed
journal, January 1999
- Kolka, R. K.; Nater, E. A.; Grigal, D. F.
- Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, Vol. 113, Issue 1/4, p. 273-294
The effect of vertically resolved soil biogeochemistry and alternate soil C and N models on C dynamics of CLM4
journal, January 2013
- Koven, C. D.; Riley, W. J.; Subin, Z. M.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 10, Issue 11
Interannual variability in the peatland-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange at an ombrotrophic bog: CARBON BALANCE AT AN OMBROTROPHIC BOG
journal, April 2003
- Lafleur, Peter M.; Roulet, Nigel T.; Bubier, Jill L.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 17, Issue 2
Water from on high
journal, November 2006
- Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Famiglietti, James S.
- Nature, Vol. 444, Issue 7119
Evaluating runoff simulations from the Community Land Model 4.0 using observations from flux towers and a mountainous watershed: EVALUATING RUNOFF SIMULATIONS FROM CLM4
journal, December 2011
- Li, Hongyi; Huang, Maoyi; Wigmosta, Mark S.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 116, Issue D24
Peatlands and the carbon cycle: from local processes to global implications – a synthesis
journal, January 2008
- Limpens, J.; Berendse, F.; Blodau, C.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 5, Issue 5
Factors influencing size inequality in peatland black spruce and tamarack: evidence from post‐drainage release growth
journal, June 1999
- Macdonald, S. Ellen; Yin, Fengyou
- Journal of Ecology, Vol. 87, Issue 3
A comparison of dynamic and static chambers for methane emission measurements from subarctic fens
journal, March 1991
- Moore, T. R.; Roulet, N. T.
- Atmosphere-Ocean, Vol. 29, Issue 1
Temperature of upland and peatland soils in a north central Minnesota forest
journal, August 1998
- Nichols, Dale S.
- Canadian Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 78, Issue 3
Modelling microtopography in boreal peatlands: hummocks and hollows
journal, July 2003
- Nungesser, Martha K.
- Ecological Modelling, Vol. 165, Issue 2-3
Global Hydrological Cycles and World Water Resources
journal, August 2006
- Oki, T.
- Science, Vol. 313, Issue 5790
Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle: COMMUNITY LAND MODEL HYDROLOGY
journal, March 2008
- Oleson, K. W.; Niu, G. -Y.; Yang, Z. -L.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 113, Issue G1
Constitutive Model for Unfrozen Water Content in Subfreezing Unsaturated Soils
journal, January 2014
- Painter, Scott L.; Karra, Satish
- Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Modeling challenges for predicting hydrologic response to degrading permafrost
journal, November 2012
- Painter, S. L.; Moulton, J. D.; Wilson, C. J.
- Hydrogeology Journal, Vol. 21, Issue 1
Uncertainty in Peat Volume and Soil Carbon Estimated Using Ground-Penetrating Radar and Probing
journal, January 2012
- Parsekian, Andrew D.; Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrious
- Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 76, Issue 5
Barriers to predicting changes in global terrestrial methane fluxes: analyses using CLM4Me, a methane biogeochemistry model integrated in CESM
journal, January 2011
- Riley, W. J.; Subin, Z. M.; Lawrence, D. M.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 8, Issue 7
Interactive effects of water table and precipitation on net CO 2 assimilation of three co-occurring Sphagnum mosses differing in distribution above the water table
journal, March 2009
- Robroek, Bjorn J. M.; Schouten, Matthijs G. C.; Limpens, Juul
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 15, Issue 3
Effects of global irrigation on the near-surface climate
journal, July 2008
- Sacks, William J.; Cook, Benjamin I.; Buenning, Nikolaus
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 33, Issue 2-3
Combined effects of varying water content and CO2 concentration on photosynthesis in Spagnum fuscum
journal, August 1990
- Silvola, Jouko
- Ecography, Vol. 13, Issue 3
CO 2 Fluxes from Peat in Boreal Mires under Varying Temperature and Moisture Conditions
journal, April 1996
- Silvola, Jouko; Alm, Jukka; Ahlholm, Urpo
- The Journal of Ecology, Vol. 84, Issue 2
McGill wetland model: evaluation of a peatland carbon simulator developed for global assessments
journal, January 2010
- St-Hilaire, F.; Wu, J.; Roulet, N. T.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 7, Issue 11
The Impact of Climate Change on Canadian Peatlands
journal, January 2009
- Tarnocai, Charles
- Canadian Water Resources Journal, Vol. 34, Issue 4
The resilience and functional role of moss in boreal and arctic ecosystems: Tansley review
journal, August 2012
- Turetsky, M. R.; Bond-Lamberty, B.; Euskirchen, E.
- New Phytologist, Vol. 196, Issue 1
Peat CO2 production in a natural and cutover peatland: Implications for restoration
journal, June 2001
- Waddington, J. M.; Rotenberg, P. A.; Warren, F. J.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 54, Issue 2, p. 115-130
Effect of changes in water content on photosynthesis, transpiration and discrimination against 13CO2 and C18O16O in Pleurozium and Sphagnum
journal, January 1996
- Williams, Timothy G.; Flanagan, Lawrence B.
- Oecologia, Vol. 108, Issue 1
Simulation of six years of carbon fluxes for a sedge-dominated oligotrophic minerogenic peatland in Northern Sweden using the McGill Wetland Model (MWM): SIMULATING CARBON FLUXES FOR A SEDGE-DOMINATED PEATLAND
journal, May 2013
- Wu, Jianghua; Roulet, Nigel T.; Sagerfors, Jorgen
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 118, Issue 2
A microbial functional group-based module for simulating methane production and consumption: Application to an incubated permafrost soil: A MICROBIAL FUNCTIONAL GROUP-BASED METHANE MODULE
journal, July 2015
- Xu, Xiaofeng; Elias, Dwayne A.; Graham, David E.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 120, Issue 7
Incorporating organic soil into a global climate model
journal, June 2007
- Lawrence, David M.; Slater, Andrew G.
- Climate Dynamics, Vol. 30, Issue 2-3
Effects of topography on simulated net primary productivity at landscape scale
journal, November 2007
- Chen, X. F.; Chen, J. M.; An, S. Q.
- Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 85, Issue 3
Distributed hydrological model for mapping evapotranspiration using remote sensing inputs
journal, April 2005
- Chen, Jing M.; Chen, Xiaoyong; Ju, Weimin
- Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 305, Issue 1-4
Modelling and analysis of peatlands as dynamical systems
journal, April 2000
- Hilbert, David W.; Roulet, Nigel; Moore, Tim
- Journal of Ecology, Vol. 88, Issue 2
Nutrients and Hydrology Indicate the Driving Mechanisms of Peatland Surface Patterning
journal, June 2009
- Eppinga, Maarten B.; de Ruiter, Peter C.; Wassen, Martin J.
- The American Naturalist, Vol. 173, Issue 6
Self-organization in raised bog patterning: the origin of microtope zonation and mesotope diversity: Self-organization in raised bog patterning
journal, June 2005
- Couwenberg, John; Joosten, Hans
- Journal of Ecology, Vol. 93, Issue 6
Hydrological effects on carbon cycles of Canada’s forests and wetlands
journal, January 2006
- Ju, Weimin; Chen, Jing M.; Black, T. Andrew
- Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 58, Issue 1
Growth and net production of Sphagnum at five fen sites, subarctic eastern Canada
journal, April 1989
- Moore, T. R.
- Canadian Journal of Botany, Vol. 67, Issue 4
A Simulation Model of Mire Patterning
journal, November 1988
- Swanson, David K.; Grigal, David F.
- Oikos, Vol. 53, Issue 3
Modeling the large-scale effects of surface moisture heterogeneity on wetland carbon fluxes in the West Siberian Lowland
journal, January 2013
- Bohn, T. J.; Podest, E.; Schroeder, R.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 10, Issue 10
Modelling effects of seasonal variation in water table depth on net ecosystem CO 2 exchange of a tropical peatland
journal, January 2014
- Mezbahuddin, M.; Grant, R. F.; Hirano, T.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 11, Issue 3
McGill Wetland Model: evaluation of a peatland carbon simulator developed for global assessments
journal, January 2008
- St-Hilaire, F.; Wu, J.; Roulet, N. T.
- Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol. 5, Issue 2
A new model of Holocene peatland net primary production, decomposition, water balance, and peat accumulation
journal, January 2010
- Frolking, S.; Roulet, N. T.; Tuittila, E.
- Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 1, Issue 1
The role of hydrological transience in peatland pattern formation
journal, January 2013
- Morris, P. J.; Baird, A. J.; Belyea, L. R.
- Earth Surface Dynamics, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Implementation and evaluation of a new methane model within a dynamic global vegetation model: LPJ-WHyMe v1.3.1
journal, January 2010
- Wania, R.; Ross, I.; Prentice, I. C.
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 3, Issue 2
Peatlands and the carbon cycle: from local processes to global implications – a synthesis
journal, January 2008
- Limpens, J.; Berendse, F.; Blodau, C.
- Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol. 5, Issue 2
A new model of Holocene peatland net primary production, decomposition, water balance, and peat accumulation
journal, January 2010
- Frolking, S.; Roulet, N. T.; Tuittila, E.
- Earth System Dynamics Discussions, Vol. 1, Issue 1
The role of hydrological transience in peatland pattern formation
posted_content, June 2013
- Morris, P. J.; Baird, A. J.; Belyea, L. R.
- Earth Surface Dynamics
Barriers to predicting changes in global terrestrial methane fluxes: analyses using CLM4Me, a methane biogeochemistry model integrated in CESM
journal, January 2011
- Riley, W. J.; Subin, Z. M.; Lawrence, D. M.
- Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Hydrological effects on carbon cycles of Canada's forests and wetlands
journal, February 2006
- Ju, Weimin; Chen, Jing M.; Black, T, Andrew
- Tellus B, Vol. 58, Issue 1
Works referencing / citing this record:
Intermediate-scale community-level flux of CO2 and CH4 in a Minnesota peatland: putting the SPRUCE project in a global context
journal, August 2016
- Hanson, P. J.; Gill, A. L.; Xu, X.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 129, Issue 3, p. 255-272
Assessing runoff generation in riparian wetlands: monitoring groundwater–surface water dynamics at the micro-catchment scale
journal, January 2019
- Scheliga, B.; Tetzlaff, D.; Nuetzmann, G.
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 191, Issue 2
Subsidence and carbon dioxide emissions in a smallholder peatland mosaic in Sumatra, Indonesia
journal, March 2018
- Khasanah, Ni’matul; van Noordwijk, Meine
- Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Vol. 24, Issue 1
Fine-root growth in a forested bog is seasonally dynamic, but shallowly distributed in nutrient-poor peat
journal, March 2017
- Iversen, Colleen M.; Childs, Joanne; Norby, Richard J.
- Plant and Soil, Vol. 424, Issue 1-2, p. 123-143
Dynamic Vertical Profiles of Peat Porewater Chemistry in a Northern Peatland
journal, October 2016
- Griffiths, Natalie A.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.
- Wetlands, Vol. 36, Issue 6, p. 1119-1130
Global wetland contribution to 2000–2012 atmospheric methane growth rate dynamics
journal, September 2017
- Poulter, Benjamin; Bousquet, Philippe; Canadell, Josep G.
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 9
Assessing the Value of UAV Photogrammetry for Characterizing Terrain in Complex Peatlands
journal, July 2017
- Lovitt, Julie; Rahman, Mir Mustafizur; McDermid, Gregory J.
- Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, Issue 7, p. 715
Attaining whole-ecosystem warming using air and deep-soil heating methods with an elevated CO 2 atmosphere
journal, January 2017
- Hanson, Paul J.; Riggs, Jeffery S.; Nettles, W. Robert
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 14, Issue 4
Implementing northern peatlands in a global land surface model: description and evaluation in the ORCHIDEE high-latitude version model (ORC-HL-PEAT)
journal, January 2018
- Largeron, Chloé; Krinner, Gerhard; Ciais, Philippe
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 8
ORCHIDEE-PEAT (revision 4596), a model for northern peatland CO2, water, and energy fluxes on daily to annual scales
journal, January 2018
- Qiu, Chunjing; Zhu, Dan; Ciais, Philippe
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Global wetland contribution to 2000–2012 atmospheric methane growth rate dynamics
text, January 2017
- Poulter, Benjamin; Bousquet, Philippe; Canadell, Josep G.
- IOP Publishing
ORCHIDEE-PEAT (revision 4596), a model for northern peatland CO2, water, and energy fluxes on daily to annual scales
text, January 2018
- Qiu, Chunjing; Zhu, Dan; Ciais, Philippe
- Karlsruhe
PEAT-CLSM: A Specific Treatment of Peatland Hydrology in the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model
text, January 2019
- Bechtold, M.; De Lannoy, G. J. M.; Koster, R. D.
- Karlsruhe
Subsidence and carbon dioxide emissions in a smallholder peatland mosaic in Sumatra, Indonesia
journal, March 2018
- Khasanah, Ni’matul; van Noordwijk, Meine
- Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Vol. 24, Issue 1