Direct measurement of polysulfide shuttle current: A window into understanding the performance of lithium-sulfur cells
Abstract
The shuttling of polysulfide ions between the electrodes in a lithium-sulfur battery is a major technical issue limiting the self-discharge and cycle life of this high-energy rechargeable battery. Although there have been attempts to suppress the shuttling process, there has not been a direct measurement of the rate of shuttling. We report here a simple and direct measurement of the rate of the shuttling (that we term “shuttle current”), applicable to the study of any type of lithium-sulfur cell. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this measurement technique using cells with and without lithium nitrate (a widely-used shuttle suppressor additive). We present a phenomenological analysis of the shuttling process and simulate the shuttle currents as a function of the state-of-charge of a cell. We also demonstrate how the rate of decay of the shuttle current can be used to predict the capacity fade in a lithium-sulfur cell due to the shuttle process. As a result, we expect that this new ability to directly measure shuttle currents will provide greater insight into the performance differences observed with various additives and electrode modifications that are aimed at suppressing the rate of shuttling of polysulfide ions and increasing the cycle life of lithium-sulfur cells.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1185290
- Report Number(s):
- A-NETL-PUB-115
Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the Electrochemical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 162; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651
- Publisher:
- The Electrochemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 25 ENERGY STORAGE
Citation Formats
Moy, Derek, Manivannan, A., and Narayanan, S. R. Direct measurement of polysulfide shuttle current: A window into understanding the performance of lithium-sulfur cells. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1149/2.0181501jes.
Moy, Derek, Manivannan, A., & Narayanan, S. R. Direct measurement of polysulfide shuttle current: A window into understanding the performance of lithium-sulfur cells. United States. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0181501jes
Moy, Derek, Manivannan, A., and Narayanan, S. R. Tue .
"Direct measurement of polysulfide shuttle current: A window into understanding the performance of lithium-sulfur cells". United States. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0181501jes. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1185290.
@article{osti_1185290,
title = {Direct measurement of polysulfide shuttle current: A window into understanding the performance of lithium-sulfur cells},
author = {Moy, Derek and Manivannan, A. and Narayanan, S. R.},
abstractNote = {The shuttling of polysulfide ions between the electrodes in a lithium-sulfur battery is a major technical issue limiting the self-discharge and cycle life of this high-energy rechargeable battery. Although there have been attempts to suppress the shuttling process, there has not been a direct measurement of the rate of shuttling. We report here a simple and direct measurement of the rate of the shuttling (that we term “shuttle current”), applicable to the study of any type of lithium-sulfur cell. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this measurement technique using cells with and without lithium nitrate (a widely-used shuttle suppressor additive). We present a phenomenological analysis of the shuttling process and simulate the shuttle currents as a function of the state-of-charge of a cell. We also demonstrate how the rate of decay of the shuttle current can be used to predict the capacity fade in a lithium-sulfur cell due to the shuttle process. As a result, we expect that this new ability to directly measure shuttle currents will provide greater insight into the performance differences observed with various additives and electrode modifications that are aimed at suppressing the rate of shuttling of polysulfide ions and increasing the cycle life of lithium-sulfur cells.},
doi = {10.1149/2.0181501jes},
journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 162,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Nov 04 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Tue Nov 04 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}
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