Direct observation of bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes growth via in operando x-ray diffraction studies
Abstract
Alkali antimonides have a long history as visible-light-sensitive photocathodes. This study focuses on the process of fabrication of the bi-alkali photocathodes, K2CsSb. In-situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction and photoresponse measurements were used to monitor phase evolution during sequential photocathode growth mode on Si(100) substrates. The amorphous-to-crystalline transition for the initial antimony layer was observed at a film thickness of 40 Å . The antimony crystalline structure dissolved upon potassium deposition, eventually recrystallizing upon further deposition into K-Sb crystalline modifications. This transition, as well as the conversion of potassium antimonide to K2CsSb upon cesium deposition, is correlated with changes in the quantum efficiency.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- Contributing Org.:
- ATLAS Collaboration
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1184027
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1212304; OSTI ID: 1223273; OSTI ID: 1421179
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-98CH10886; FG02-08ER41547; KC-04-01-010; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- APL Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: APL Materials Journal Volume: 2 Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2166-532X
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; cathodes; photocathodes; antimony; crystal structure; X-ray diffraction
Citation Formats
Ruiz-Osés, M., Schubert, S., Attenkofer, K., Ben-Zvi, I., Liang, X., Muller, E., Padmore, H., Rao, T., Vecchione, T., Wong, J., Xie, J., and Smedley, J. Direct observation of bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes growth via in operando x-ray diffraction studies. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4902544.
Ruiz-Osés, M., Schubert, S., Attenkofer, K., Ben-Zvi, I., Liang, X., Muller, E., Padmore, H., Rao, T., Vecchione, T., Wong, J., Xie, J., & Smedley, J. Direct observation of bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes growth via in operando x-ray diffraction studies. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902544
Ruiz-Osés, M., Schubert, S., Attenkofer, K., Ben-Zvi, I., Liang, X., Muller, E., Padmore, H., Rao, T., Vecchione, T., Wong, J., Xie, J., and Smedley, J. Mon .
"Direct observation of bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes growth via in operando x-ray diffraction studies". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902544.
@article{osti_1184027,
title = {Direct observation of bi-alkali antimonide photocathodes growth via in operando x-ray diffraction studies},
author = {Ruiz-Osés, M. and Schubert, S. and Attenkofer, K. and Ben-Zvi, I. and Liang, X. and Muller, E. and Padmore, H. and Rao, T. and Vecchione, T. and Wong, J. and Xie, J. and Smedley, J.},
abstractNote = {Alkali antimonides have a long history as visible-light-sensitive photocathodes. This study focuses on the process of fabrication of the bi-alkali photocathodes, K2CsSb. In-situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction and photoresponse measurements were used to monitor phase evolution during sequential photocathode growth mode on Si(100) substrates. The amorphous-to-crystalline transition for the initial antimony layer was observed at a film thickness of 40 Å . The antimony crystalline structure dissolved upon potassium deposition, eventually recrystallizing upon further deposition into K-Sb crystalline modifications. This transition, as well as the conversion of potassium antimonide to K2CsSb upon cesium deposition, is correlated with changes in the quantum efficiency.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4902544},
journal = {APL Materials},
number = 12,
volume = 2,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Mon Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902544
Web of Science
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