Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities

Park, H. -S.; Huntington, C. M.; Fiuza, F.; Drake, R. P.; Froula, D. H.; Gregori, G.; Koenig, M.; Kugland, N. L.; Kuranz, C. C.; Lamb, D. Q.; Levy, M. C.; Li, C. K.; Meinecke, J.; Morita, T.; Petrasso, R. D.; Pollock, B. B.; Remington, B. A.; Rinderknecht, H. G.; Rosenberg, M.; Ross, J. S.; Ryutov, D. D.; Sakawa, Y.; Spitkovsky, A.; Takabe, H.; Turnbull, D. P.; Tzeferacos, P.; Weber, S. V.; Zylstra, A. B.

doi:10.1063/1.4920959

Title: Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities

Abstract

Astrophysical collisionless shocks are common in the universe, occurring in supernova remnants, gamma ray bursts, and protostellar jets. They appear in colliding plasma flows when the mean free path for ion-ion collisions is much larger than the system size. It is believed that such shocks could be mediated via the electromagnetic Weibel instability in astrophysical environments without preexisting magnetic fields. Here, we present laboratory experiments using high-power lasers and investigate the dynamics of high-Mach-number collisionless shock formation in two interpenetrating plasma streams. Our recent proton-probe experiments on Omega show the characteristic filamentary structures of the Weibel instability that are electromagnetic in nature with an inferred magnetization level as high as ~1% These results imply that electromagnetic instabilities are significant in the interaction of astrophysical conditions.

Authors:

Park, H. -S. ^[1];

^[1]; Fiuza, F. ^[1];

^[2]; Froula, D. H. ^[3]; Gregori, G. ^[4]; Koenig, M. ^[5]; Kugland, N. L. ^[6]; Kuranz, C. C. ^[2]; Lamb, D. Q. ^[7]; Levy, M. C. ^[1]; Li, C. K. ^[8]; Meinecke, J. ^[4]; Morita, T. ^[9];

^[8]; Pollock, B. B. ^[1]; Remington, B. A. ^[1]; Rinderknecht, H. G. ^[8]; Rosenberg, M. ^[8]; Ross, J. S. ^[1] more »

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States)
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau (France)
Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, CA (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, CA (United States)
MIT (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed May 13 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1182658

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1228320

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0001857; AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Weibel instability; collisionless shocks; astrophysical collisionless shocks; electromagnetic plasma instabilities

Citation Formats


                    Park, H. -S., Huntington, C. M., Fiuza, F., Drake, R. P., Froula, D. H., Gregori, G., Koenig, M., Kugland, N. L., Kuranz, C. C., Lamb, D. Q., Levy, M. C., Li, C. K., Meinecke, J., Morita, T., Petrasso, R. D., Pollock, B. B., Remington, B. A., Rinderknecht, H. G., Rosenberg, M., Ross, J. S., Ryutov, D. D., Sakawa, Y., Spitkovsky, A., Takabe, H., Turnbull, D. P., Tzeferacos, P., Weber, S. V., and Zylstra, A. B. Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4920959.

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                    Park, H. -S., Huntington, C. M., Fiuza, F., Drake, R. P., Froula, D. H., Gregori, G., Koenig, M., Kugland, N. L., Kuranz, C. C., Lamb, D. Q., Levy, M. C., Li, C. K., Meinecke, J., Morita, T., Petrasso, R. D., Pollock, B. B., Remington, B. A., Rinderknecht, H. G., Rosenberg, M., Ross, J. S., Ryutov, D. D., Sakawa, Y., Spitkovsky, A., Takabe, H., Turnbull, D. P., Tzeferacos, P., Weber, S. V., & Zylstra, A. B. Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4920959

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                    Park, H. -S., Huntington, C. M., Fiuza, F., Drake, R. P., Froula, D. H., Gregori, G., Koenig, M., Kugland, N. L., Kuranz, C. C., Lamb, D. Q., Levy, M. C., Li, C. K., Meinecke, J., Morita, T., Petrasso, R. D., Pollock, B. B., Remington, B. A., Rinderknecht, H. G., Rosenberg, M., Ross, J. S., Ryutov, D. D., Sakawa, Y., Spitkovsky, A., Takabe, H., Turnbull, D. P., Tzeferacos, P., Weber, S. V., and Zylstra, A. B. Wed .  
"Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4920959.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1182658.

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@article{osti_1182658,

  title        = {Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities},

  author       = {Park, H. -S. and Huntington, C. M. and Fiuza, F. and Drake, R. P. and Froula, D. H. and Gregori, G. and Koenig, M. and Kugland, N. L. and Kuranz, C. C. and Lamb, D. Q. and Levy, M. C. and Li, C. K. and Meinecke, J. and Morita, T. and Petrasso, R. D. and Pollock, B. B. and Remington, B. A. and Rinderknecht, H. G. and Rosenberg, M. and Ross, J. S. and Ryutov, D. D. and Sakawa, Y. and Spitkovsky, A. and Takabe, H. and Turnbull, D. P. and Tzeferacos, P. and Weber, S. V. and Zylstra, A. B.},

  abstractNote = {Astrophysical collisionless shocks are common in the universe, occurring in supernova remnants, gamma ray bursts, and protostellar jets. They appear in colliding plasma flows when the mean free path for ion-ion collisions is much larger than the system size. It is believed that such shocks could be mediated via the electromagnetic Weibel instability in astrophysical environments without preexisting magnetic fields. Here, we present laboratory experiments using high-power lasers and investigate the dynamics of high-Mach-number collisionless shock formation in two interpenetrating plasma streams. Our recent proton-probe experiments on Omega show the characteristic filamentary structures of the Weibel instability that are electromagnetic in nature with an inferred magnetization level as high as ~1% These results imply that electromagnetic instabilities are significant in the interaction of astrophysical conditions.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4920959},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 22,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 13 00:00:00 EDT 2015},

  month        = {Wed May 13 00:00:00 EDT 2015}

}

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Title: Collisionless shock experiments with lasers and observation of Weibel instabilities

Abstract

Citation Formats

Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows journal, January 2015

Formation and Structure of Electrostatic Collisionless Shocks journal, December 1970

Generation of Magnetic Fields in the Relativistic Shock of Gamma‐Ray Burst Sources journal, December 1999

Cosmological Magnetic Field Generation by the Weibel Instability journal, December 2003

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman...Which one Grows Faster? journal, June 2009

Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution journal, February 1959

Simulation studies of the magnetic field generation in cosmological plasmas journal, September 2004

On the Structure of Relativistic Collisionless Shocks in Electron-Ion Plasmas journal, December 2007

MAGNETIC FIELDS AND COSMIC RAYS IN GRBs: A SELF-SIMILAR COLLISIONLESS FORESHOCK journal, April 2009

Generation of Magnetic Fields in Cosmological Shocks journal, December 2004

Electrostatic and electromagnetic instabilities associated with electrostatic shocks: Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation journal, March 2010

Simulations of relativistic collisionless shocks: shock structure and particle acceleration conference, January 2005

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas journal, November 2013

Design Considerations for Unmagnetized Collisionless-Shock Measurements in Homologous Flows journal, April 2012

Studying astrophysical collisionless shocks with counterstreaming plasmas from high power lasers journal, March 2012

Characterizing counter-streaming interpenetrating plasmas relevant to astrophysical collisionless shocks journal, May 2012

Intra-jet shocks in two counter-streaming, weakly collisional plasma jets journal, July 2012

Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Ion Plasmas journal, June 2008

Collisional effects in the ion Weibel instability for two counter-propagating plasma streams journal, March 2014

The upgrade to the OMEGA laser system journal, January 1995

Thomson-scattering measurements in the collective and noncollective regimes in laser produced plasmas (invited) journal, October 2010

Collisionless Coupling of Ion and Electron Temperatures in Counterstreaming Plasma Flows journal, April 2013

Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions journal, February 2001

Monoenergetic proton backlighter for measuring E and B fields and for radiographing implosions and high-energy density plasmas (invited) journal, October 2006

Visualizing electromagnetic fields in laser-produced counter-streaming plasma experiments for collisionless shock laboratory astrophysics journal, May 2013

Using high-intensity laser-generated energetic protons to radiograph directly driven implosions journal, January 2012

Monoenergetic-Proton-Radiography Measurements of Implosion Dynamics in Direct-Drive Inertial-Confinement Fusion journal, June 2008

Spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas journal, February 2003

Invited Article: Relation between electric and magnetic field structures and their proton-beam images journal, October 2012

OSIRIS: A Three-Dimensional, Fully Relativistic Particle in Cell Code for Modeling Plasma Based Accelerators book, January 2002

Mechanism for Instability of Transverse Plasma Waves journal, January 1959

Nonlinear Development of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Anisotropic Plasmas journal, January 1972

Self-organized electromagnetic field structures in laser-produced counter-streaming plasmas journal, September 2012

Magnetic field advection in two interpenetrating plasma streams journal, March 2013

Linear plasmoid instability of thin current sheets with shear flow journal, May 2010

Growth and propagation of self-generated magnetic dipole vortices in collisionless shocks produced by interpenetrating plasmas journal, January 2018

Scaling laws for dynamical plasma phenomena journal, October 2018

Observation of collisionless-to-collisional transition in colliding plasma jets with optical Thomson scattering journal, January 2019

Characterizing filamentary magnetic structures in counter-streaming plasmas by Fourier analysis of proton images journal, October 2019

MPRAD: A Monte Carlo and ray-tracing code for the proton radiography in high-energy-density plasma experiments journal, December 2019

Developed turbulence and nonlinear amplification of magnetic fields in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas journal, June 2015

Distinguishing and diagnosing the spontaneous electric and magnetic fields of Weibel instability through proton radiography journal, December 2019

Probing thermal Weibel instability in optical-field-ionized plasmas using relativistic electron bunches journal, January 2020

Machine learning applied to proton radiography of high-energy-density plasmas journal, April 2017

Status of NIF laser and high power laser research at LLNL conference, February 2017

Precursor Wave Emission Enhanced by Weibel Instability in Relativistic Shocks journal, May 2018

Evolution of Three-dimensional Relativistic Ion Weibel Instability: Competition with Kink Instability journal, June 2019

Characterizing filamentary magnetic structures in counter-streaming plasmas by Fourier analysis of proton images text, January 2019

Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows
journal, January 2015

Formation and Structure of Electrostatic Collisionless Shocks
journal, December 1970

Generation of Magnetic Fields in the Relativistic Shock of Gamma‐Ray Burst Sources
journal, December 1999

Cosmological Magnetic Field Generation by the Weibel Instability
journal, December 2003

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman...Which one Grows Faster?
journal, June 2009

Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution
journal, February 1959

Simulation studies of the magnetic field generation in cosmological plasmas
journal, September 2004

On the Structure of Relativistic Collisionless Shocks in Electron-Ion Plasmas
journal, December 2007

MAGNETIC FIELDS AND COSMIC RAYS IN GRBs: A SELF-SIMILAR COLLISIONLESS FORESHOCK
journal, April 2009

Generation of Magnetic Fields in Cosmological Shocks
journal, December 2004

Electrostatic and electromagnetic instabilities associated with electrostatic shocks: Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation
journal, March 2010

Simulations of relativistic collisionless shocks: shock structure and particle acceleration
conference, January 2005

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas
journal, November 2013

Design Considerations for Unmagnetized Collisionless-Shock Measurements in Homologous Flows
journal, April 2012

Studying astrophysical collisionless shocks with counterstreaming plasmas from high power lasers
journal, March 2012

Characterizing counter-streaming interpenetrating plasmas relevant to astrophysical collisionless shocks
journal, May 2012

Intra-jet shocks in two counter-streaming, weakly collisional plasma jets
journal, July 2012

Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Ion Plasmas
journal, June 2008

Collisional effects in the ion Weibel instability for two counter-propagating plasma streams
journal, March 2014

The upgrade to the OMEGA laser system
journal, January 1995

Thomson-scattering measurements in the collective and noncollective regimes in laser produced plasmas (invited)
journal, October 2010

Collisionless Coupling of Ion and Electron Temperatures in Counterstreaming Plasma Flows
journal, April 2013

Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions
journal, February 2001

Monoenergetic proton backlighter for measuring E and B fields and for radiographing implosions and high-energy density plasmas (invited)
journal, October 2006

Visualizing electromagnetic fields in laser-produced counter-streaming plasma experiments for collisionless shock laboratory astrophysics
journal, May 2013

Using high-intensity laser-generated energetic protons to radiograph directly driven implosions
journal, January 2012

Monoenergetic-Proton-Radiography Measurements of Implosion Dynamics in Direct-Drive Inertial-Confinement Fusion
journal, June 2008

Spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas
journal, February 2003

Invited Article: Relation between electric and magnetic field structures and their proton-beam images
journal, October 2012

OSIRIS: A Three-Dimensional, Fully Relativistic Particle in Cell Code for Modeling Plasma Based Accelerators
book, January 2002

Mechanism for Instability of Transverse Plasma Waves
journal, January 1959

Nonlinear Development of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Anisotropic Plasmas
journal, January 1972

Self-organized electromagnetic field structures in laser-produced counter-streaming plasmas
journal, September 2012

Magnetic field advection in two interpenetrating plasma streams
journal, March 2013

Linear plasmoid instability of thin current sheets with shear flow
journal, May 2010

Growth and propagation of self-generated magnetic dipole vortices in collisionless shocks produced by interpenetrating plasmas
journal, January 2018

Scaling laws for dynamical plasma phenomena
journal, October 2018

Observation of collisionless-to-collisional transition in colliding plasma jets with optical Thomson scattering
journal, January 2019

Characterizing filamentary magnetic structures in counter-streaming plasmas by Fourier analysis of proton images
journal, October 2019

MPRAD: A Monte Carlo and ray-tracing code for the proton radiography in high-energy-density plasma experiments
journal, December 2019

Developed turbulence and nonlinear amplification of magnetic fields in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas
journal, June 2015

Distinguishing and diagnosing the spontaneous electric and magnetic fields of Weibel instability through proton radiography
journal, December 2019

Probing thermal Weibel instability in optical-field-ionized plasmas using relativistic electron bunches
journal, January 2020

Machine learning applied to proton radiography of high-energy-density plasmas
journal, April 2017

Status of NIF laser and high power laser research at LLNL
conference, February 2017

Precursor Wave Emission Enhanced by Weibel Instability in Relativistic Shocks
journal, May 2018

Evolution of Three-dimensional Relativistic Ion Weibel Instability: Competition with Kink Instability
journal, June 2019

Characterizing filamentary magnetic structures in counter-streaming plasmas by Fourier analysis of proton images
text, January 2019