Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks

Gao, Zhiming; Finney, Charles; Daw, Charles; LaClair, Tim J.; Smith, David

doi:10.4271/2014-01-2326

Title: Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks

Abstract

We compared parallel and series hybrid powertrains on fuel economy, component energy loss, and emissions control in Class 8 trucks over both city and highway driving. A comprehensive set of component models describing battery energy, engine fuel efficiency, emissions control, and power demand interactions for heavy duty (HD) hybrids has been integrated with parallel and series hybrid Class 8 trucks in order to identify the technical barriers of these hybrid powertrain technologies. The results show that series hybrid is absolutely negative for fuel economy benefit of long-haul trucks due to an efficiency penalty associated with the dual-step conversions of energy (i.e. mechanical to electric to mechanical). The current parallel hybrid technology combined with 50% auxiliary load reduction could elevate 5-7% fuel economy of long-haul trucks, but a profound improvement of long-haul truck fuel economy requires additional innovative technologies for reducing aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance losses. The simulated emissions control indicates that hybrid trucks reduce more CO and HC emissions than conventional trucks. The simulated results further indicate that the catalyzed DPF played an important role in CO oxidations. Limited NH₃ emissions could be slipped from the Urea SCR, but the average NH₃ emissions are below 20 ppm. Meanwhile ourmore »« less

Authors:

Gao, Zhiming ^[1]; Finney, Charles ^[1]; Daw, Charles ^[1]; LaClair, Tim J. ^[1]; Smith, David ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1156739

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1946-391X

Publisher:: SAE International

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS

Citation Formats


                    Gao, Zhiming, Finney, Charles, Daw, Charles, LaClair, Tim J., and Smith, David. Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
Web.  doi:10.4271/2014-01-2326.

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                    Gao, Zhiming, Finney, Charles, Daw, Charles, LaClair, Tim J., & Smith, David. Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2326

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                    Gao, Zhiming, Finney, Charles, Daw, Charles, LaClair, Tim J., and Smith, David. Tue .  
"Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2326.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1156739.

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@article{osti_1156739,

  title        = {Comparative Study of Hybrid Powertrains on Fuel Saving, Emissions, and Component Energy Loss in HD Trucks},

  author       = {Gao, Zhiming and Finney, Charles and Daw, Charles and LaClair, Tim J. and Smith, David},

  abstractNote = {We compared parallel and series hybrid powertrains on fuel economy, component energy loss, and emissions control in Class 8 trucks over both city and highway driving. A comprehensive set of component models describing battery energy, engine fuel efficiency, emissions control, and power demand interactions for heavy duty (HD) hybrids has been integrated with parallel and series hybrid Class 8 trucks in order to identify the technical barriers of these hybrid powertrain technologies. The results show that series hybrid is absolutely negative for fuel economy benefit of long-haul trucks due to an efficiency penalty associated with the dual-step conversions of energy (i.e. mechanical to electric to mechanical). The current parallel hybrid technology combined with 50% auxiliary load reduction could elevate 5-7% fuel economy of long-haul trucks, but a profound improvement of long-haul truck fuel economy requires additional innovative technologies for reducing aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance losses. The simulated emissions control indicates that hybrid trucks reduce more CO and HC emissions than conventional trucks. The simulated results further indicate that the catalyzed DPF played an important role in CO oxidations. Limited NH3 emissions could be slipped from the Urea SCR, but the average NH3 emissions are below 20 ppm. Meanwhile our estimations show 1.5-1.9% of equivalent fuel-cost penalty due to urea consumption in the simulated SCR cases.},

  doi          = {10.4271/2014-01-2326},

  journal      = {SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 7,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

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Figure 1: Configuration of the simulated DOC/CDPF/SCR aftertreatment train system.

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